Design of cellular porous biomaterials for wall shear stress criterion

The microfluidic environment provided by implanted prostheses has a decisive influence on the viability, proliferation and differentiation of cells. In bone tissue engineering, for instance, experiments have confirmed that a certain level of wall shear stress (WSS) is more advantageous to osteoblastic differentiation. This paper proposes a level‐set‐based topology optimization method to regulate fluidic WSS distribution for design of cellular biomaterials. The topological boundary of fluid phase is represented by a level‐set model embedded in a higher‐dimensional scalar function. WSS is determined by the computational fluid dynamics analysis in the scale of cellular base cells. To achieve a uniform WSS distribution at the solid–fluid interface, the difference between local and target WSS is taken as the design criterion, which determines the speed of the boundary evolution in the level‐set model. The examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method and exhibit a considerable potential in the design optimization and fabrication of new prosthetic cellular materials for bioengineering applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107:737–746. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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