Computational Fluid Dynamics in Turbomachinery: A Review of State of the Art

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) plays an essential role to analyze fluid flows and heat transfer situations by using numerical methods. Turbomachines involve internal and external fluid flow problems in compressors and turbines. CFD at present is one of the most important tools to design and analyze all types of turbomachinery. The main purpose of this paper is to review the state of the art work carried out in the field of turbomachinery using CFD. Literature review of research work pertaining to CFD analysis in turbines, compressors and centrifugal pumps are described. Various issues of CFD codes used in turbomachinery and its parallelization strategy adopted are highlighted. Furthermore, the prevailing merits and demerits of CFD in turbomachinery are provided. Open areas pertinent to CFD investigation in turbomachinery and CFD code parallelization are also described.

[1]  Sunsheng Yang,et al.  Research on Pump Volute Design Method Using CFD , 2011 .

[2]  Somchai Wongwises,et al.  Predicting performance of radial flow type impeller of centrifugal pump using CFD , 2009 .

[3]  John S. Anagnostopoulos,et al.  A fast numerical method for flow analysis and blade design in centrifugal pump impellers , 2009 .

[4]  M. A. Navarro,et al.  Evaluation of a numeric procedure for flow simulation of a 5 × 5 PWR rod bundle with a mixing vane spacer , 2011 .

[5]  Florian R. Menter,et al.  Correlation-Based Transition Modeling for Unstructured Parallelized Computational Fluid Dynamics Codes , 2009 .

[6]  William N. Dawes,et al.  Computational fluid dynamics for turbomachinery design , 1998 .

[7]  Wei Liu,et al.  Efficient parallel implementation of large scale 3D structured grid CFD applications on the Tianhe-1A supercomputer , 2013 .

[8]  Jeffrey P. Thomas,et al.  Computation of Unsteady Nonlinear Flows in Cascades Using a Harmonic Balance Technique , 2002 .

[9]  R. V. Chima.  Computational Modeling of Vortex Generators for Turbomachinery , 2002 .

[10]  S. Peigin,et al.  Parallel Large Scale High Accuracy Navier-Stokes Computations on Distributed Memory Clusters , 2004, The Journal of Supercomputing.

[11]  C. Lacor,et al.  Multi-objective optimization of turbomachinery using improved NSGA-II and approximation model , 2011 .

[12]  Meng-Sing Liou,et al.  Transonic Axial-Flow Blade Optimization: Evolutionary Algorithms/Three-Dimensional Navier-Stokes Solver , 2004 .

[13]  Pericles Pilidis,et al.  Axial compressor response to inlet flow distortions by a CFD analysis , 2004 .

[14]  Robert E. Kielb,et al.  CFD FOR TURBOMACHINERY UNSTEADY FLOWS - AN AEROELASTIC DESIGN PERSPECTIVE , 2001 .

[15]  Chao-Yang Wang,et al.  Large-scale simulation of polymer electrolyte fuel cells by parallel computing , 2004 .

[16]  B. D. Marjavaara,et al.  Parallel CFD simulations of an original and redesigned hydraulic turbine draft tube , 2007, Adv. Eng. Softw..

[17]  Jennifer R. Lukes,et al.  A hybrid atomistic-continuum model for fluid flow using LAMMPS and OpenFOAM , 2013, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[18]  Jean-François Boussuge,et al.  Development of a new hybrid compressible solver inside the CFD elsA software , 2011 .

[19]  Nam Mai-Duy,et al.  Numerical solution of Navier–Stokes equations using multiquadric radial basis function networks , 2001 .

[20]  Kai Becker,et al.  Recent Progress In A Hybrid-Grid CFD Solver For Turbomachinery Flows , 2010 .

[21]  Bernd Nennemann,et al.  CFD prediction of unsteady wicket gate-runner interaction in Francis turbines: A new standard hydraulic design procedure , 2005 .

[22]  Philippe Dupont,et al.  CFD calculation of a mixed flow pump characteristic from shutoff to maximum flow , 2002 .

[23]  T. J. Chung,et al.  Computational Fluid Dynamics: Contents , 2010 .

[24]  Li He,et al.  Analysis of Rotor-Rotor and Stator-Stator Interferences in Multi-Stage Turbomachines , 2002 .

[25]  Mirjam Sick,et al.  Thirty years of numerical flow simulation in hydraulic turbomachines , 2008 .

[26]  Thomas Secall Wimmel,et al.  Unsteady Flow in a Turbocharger Centrifugal Compressor: Three-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Impeller Blade Vibration , 2006 .

[27]  Marc Montagnac,et al.  Large scale massively parallel computations with the block-structured elsA CFD software , 2010 .

[28]  R S Bunker,et al.  A Review of Turbine Blade Tip Heat Transfer , 2001, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[29]  Gunther Brenner,et al.  Unsteady CFD simulations of a pump in part load conditions using scale-adaptive simulation , 2010 .

[30]  Kiyohito Tani,et al.  CFD-Based Design Optimization for Hydro Turbines , 2007 .

[31]  Thomas D. Economon,et al.  Stanford University Unstructured (SU 2 ): An open-source integrated computational environment for multi-physics simulation and design , 2013 .

[32]  Jan Vierendeels,et al.  Performance prediction of centrifugal pumps with CFD-tools , 2001 .

[33]  Chao-Yang Wang,et al.  Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells , 2000 .

[34]  Laura L. Pauley,et al.  Performance Analysis of Cavitating Flow in Centrifugal Pumps Using Multiphase CFD , 2002 .

[35]  Michael Charles Ostrowski,et al.  Gas Turbine Temperature Prediction Using Unsteady CFD and Realistic Non-Uniform 2D Combustor Exit Properties , 2008 .

[36]  N. P. Kruyt,et al.  PIV Measurements and CFD Computations of Secondary Flow in a Centrifugal Pump Impeller , 2010 .

[37]  Hyoun-Woo Shin,et al.  Design and Test of an Ultralow Solidity Flow-Controlled Compressor Stator , 2005 .

[38]  S. Campanari,et al.  Definition and sensitivity analysis of a finite volume SOFC model for a tubular cell geometry , 2004 .

[39]  Hrvoje Jasak,et al.  Development of a Generalized Grid Mesh Interface for Turbomachinery simulations with OpenFOAM , 2008 .

[40]  J. H. Horlock,et al.  A Review of Some Early Design Practice Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and a Current , 2005 .

[41]  Peder Bay Enevoldsen,et al.  3D CFD Quantification of the Performance of a Multi-Megawatt Wind Turbine , 2007 .

[42]  K. Sato,et al.  Numerical Solution of Incompressible Unsteady Flows in Turbomachinery , 2001 .

[43]  M M Alishahi,et al.  The flow simulation of a low-specific-speed high-speed centrifugal pump , 2011 .

[44]  Weidong Shi,et al.  Unsteady Flow Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Axial-Flow Pump , 2010 .

[45]  Hrvoje Jasak,et al.  OpenFOAM Turbo Tools: From General Purpose CFD to Turbomachinery Simulations , 2011 .

[46]  Thomas Gerhold,et al.  Overview of the Hybrid RANS Code TAU , 2005 .

[47]  Farid Bakir,et al.  Numerical Modelization of the Flow in Centrifugal Pump: Volute Influence in Velocity and Pressure Fields , 2005 .

[48]  John W Chew,et al.  Computational fluid dynamics for turbomachinery internal air systems , 2007, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[49]  N. Ron-Ho,et al.  A Multiple-Grid Scheme for Solving the Euler Equations , 1982 .

[50]  Edward J. Hall,et al.  Performance prediction of endwall treated fan rotors with inflow distortion , 1996 .

[51]  R. Spence,et al.  A CFD parametric study of geometrical variations on the pressure pulsations and performance characteristics of a centrifugal pump. , 2009 .

[52]  Luca Mangani,et al.  Object-Oriented Open-Source CFD for Turbomachinery Applications: A Review and Recent Advances , 2013 .

[53]  Gianfranco Guidati,et al.  Automated Design Optimization of Compressor Blades for Stationary, Large-Scale Turbomachinery , 2003 .

[54]  Ten-Huei Guo,et al.  Simulating Effects of High Angle of Attack on Turbofan Engine Performance , 2013 .

[55]  Xin Yuan,et al.  Aerodynamic Optimization Design System for Turbomachinery Based on Parallelized 3D Viscous Numerical Analysis , 2007 .

[56]  Asif Afzal,et al.  Parallelization Strategies for Computational Fluid Dynamics Software: State of the Art Review , 2016, Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering.

[57]  Xin Yuan,et al.  Advanced Aerodynamic Optimization System for Turbomachinery , 2008 .

[58]  J. Piechna,et al.  A Novel Design Of Composite Water Turbine Using CFD , 2012 .

[59]  Philippe Godin,et al.  Unsteady CFD Methods in a Commercial Solver for Turbomachinery Applications , 2010 .

[60]  Saurabh Gupta,et al.  PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE UNSTRUCTURED CFD CODE UNCLE , 2006 .

[61]  José Caridad,et al.  CFD Analysis of Electric Submersible Pumps (ESP) Handling Two-Phase Mixtures , 2004 .

[62]  M. L. Mansour,et al.  Numerical Optimization of a Vaned Shroud Design for Increased Operability Margin in Modern Centrifugal Compressors , 2006 .

[63]  A. M. Tousi,et al.  Comparison of turbulence methods in CFD analysis of compressible flows in radial turbomachines , 2008 .

[64]  J. P. Chen,et al.  A Parallel Flow Solver for Unsteady Multiple Blade Row Turbomachinery Simulations , 2001 .

[65]  Kivanc Ekici,et al.  Nonlinear Analysis of Unsteady Flows in Multistage Turbomachines Using Harmonic Balance , 2007 .

[66]  C. Polacsek,et al.  Toward Numerical Simulation of Fan Broadband Noise Aft Radiation from Aeroengines , 2010 .

[67]  Peter Luksch.  Parallel and distributed implementation of large industrial applications , 2000, Future Gener. Comput. Syst..

[68]  Zdzisław Jaworski,et al.  THE EFFECT OF SIZE, LOCATION AND PUMPING DIRECTION OF PITCHED BLADE TURBINE IMPELLERS ON FLOW PATTERNS: LDA MEASUREMENTS AND CFD PREDICTIONS , 2001 .

[69]  Edmund Kügeler,et al.  HYBRID PARALLELIZATION OF A TURBOMACHINERY CFD CODE: PEFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS ON MULTICORE ARCHITECTURES , 2010 .

[70]  Song Fu,et al.  CFD Investigation on Stall Mechanisms and Casing Treatment of a Transonic Compressor , 2006 .

[71]  Mehrdad Zangeneh,et al.  Parametric Design of a Waterjet Pump by Means of Inverse Design, CFD Calculations and Experimental Analyses , 2010 .

[72]  F. Visser,et al.  Demonstration and Validation of a 3D CFD Simulation Tool Predicting Pump Performance and Cavitation for Industrial Applications , 2011 .

[73]  John J. Adamczyk,et al.  Aerodynamic Analysis of Multistage Turbomachinery Flows in Support of Aerodynamic Design , 1999 .

[74]  Shuliang Cao,et al.  Hydrodynamic design of rotodynamic pump impeller for multiphase pumping by combined approach of inverse design and CFD analysis , 2005 .

[75]  V. C. Patel,et al.  Numerical Model for Simulation of Pump-Intake Flow and Vortices , 1998 .

[76]  Ning Qin,et al.  Unsteady Flow Simulation and Dynamic Stall around Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blades , 2008 .

[77]  Matteo Giovannini,et al.  A Hybrid Parallelization Strategy of a CFD Code for Turbomachinery Applications , 2015 .

[78]  M. N. Dhaubhadel,et al.  Review: CFD Applications in the Automotive Industry , 1996 .

[79]  Steven Deutsch,et al.  Assessment of CFD Performance in Simulations of an Idealized Medical Device: Results of FDA’s First Computational Interlaboratory Study , 2012 .

[80]  Vassili Toropov,et al.  Computational fluid dynamic analysis and design optimization of jet pumps , 2011 .

[81]  Mark E. M. Stewart,et al.  Towards a Tool for Rigorous, Automated Code Comprehension Using Symbolic Execution and Semantic Analysis , 2005, 29th Annual IEEE/NASA Software Engineering Workshop.

[82]  Armando Carravetta,et al.  CFD and comparisons for a pump as turbine: Mesh reliability and performance concerns , 2011 .

[83]  Meng-Sing Liou,et al.  Comparison of the AUSM(+) and H-CUSP Schemes for Turbomachinery Applications , 2003 .

[84]  L. Long,et al.  3-D time-accurate CFD simulations of wind turbine rotor flow fields , 2006 .

[85]  Nicholas A. Cumpsty,et al.  The Use of Sweep and Dihedral in Multistage Axial Flow Compressor Blading: Part I — University Research and Methods Development , 2002 .

[86]  Laith Zori,et al.  Investigation of Transient CFD Methods Applied to a Transonic Compressor Stage , 2011 .

[87]  Nikolaus J. Bochette.  Computational analysis of flow through a transonic compressor rotor , 2005 .

[88]  Leigh Lapworth,et al.  PADRAM: Parametric Design and Rapid Meshing System for Turbomachinery Optimisation , 2003 .