Constructionist assessment with mobile software-based paper prototyping

Low-fidelity prototyping is a Knowledge Elicitation technique in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). However, empirical methods for low-fidelity prototyping have remained relatively static in development. We describe artefact-driven dynamic constructionism, allowing us to view the temporal evolution of design artefacts as measurable constructs within low-fidelity prototypes. Two mobile software tools are described, PROTEUS and PROTEUS EVALUATOR, using Social Constructionism. HCI class prototyping exercises with the tools are reported with 40 HCI Postgraduate students. Artefact-driven constructionist metrics are thus applied to low-fidelity prototyping pedagogy. Advantages and disadvantages of using such methods are demonstrated and explained.

[1]  Demetrios Karis,et al.  Usability problem identification using both low- and high-fidelity prototypes , 1996, CHI.

[2]  Aybüke Aurum,et al.  Knowledge transformation for education in software engineering , 2007, Int. J. Mob. Learn. Organisation.

[3]  Anoop K. Sinha,et al.  Suede: a Wizard of Oz prototyping tool for speech user interfaces , 2000, UIST '00.

[4]  M. Resnick Distributed Constructionism , 1996, ICLS.

[5]  David W. Biers,et al.  Usability Evaluation and Prototype Fidelity: Users and Usability Professionals , 1998 .

[6]  Kent L. Norman,et al.  Development of an instrument measuring user satisfaction of the human-computer interface , 1988, CHI '88.

[7]  Lorna Uden,et al.  Activity theory for designing mobile learning , 2007, Int. J. Mob. Learn. Organisation.

[8]  Panayiotis Zaphiris,et al.  Asynchronous knowledge elicitation through software based card sorting in collaborative and geograph , 2004 .

[9]  M. Hannafin,et al.  Situated cognition and learning environments: Roles, structures, and implications for design , 1995 .

[10]  Pascal Béguin,et al.  Designing for Instrument-Mediated Activity , 2000, Scand. J. Inf. Syst..

[11]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction , 1998 .

[12]  Panayiotis Zaphiris,et al.  MIKE's PET: A participant-based experiment tracking tool for HCI practitioners using mobile devices , 2006, Electronic Imaging.

[13]  Janice Redish,et al.  User and task analysis for interface design , 1998 .

[14]  Olav W. Bertelsen,et al.  Elements of a theory of design artefacts - a contribution to critical systems development research , 1998, DAIMI PB.

[15]  Laura Slaughter,et al.  Assessing the Equivalence of the Paper and On-line Formats of the QUIS 5.5 , 1998 .

[16]  Neil A. M. Maiden,et al.  The Mobile Scenario Presenter: integrating contextual inquiry and structured walkthroughs , 2004, 13th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises.

[17]  Andrew Laghos,et al.  Distributed Construction through Participatory Design , 2005, Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology.

[18]  Karen Holtzblatt,et al.  Contextual design , 1997, INTR.

[19]  Saul Greenberg,et al.  Prototyping an intelligent agent through Wizard of Oz , 1993, INTERCHI.

[20]  A. N. Leont’ev,et al.  Activity, consciousness, and personality , 1978 .

[21]  H. M. Grady Web site design: a case study in usability testing using paper prototypes , 2000, 18th Annual Conference on Computer Documentation. ipcc sigdoc 2000. Technology and Teamwork. Proceedings. IEEE Professional Communication Society International Professional Communication Conference an.

[22]  Youn-Kyung Lim,et al.  Comparative analysis of high- and low-fidelity prototypes for more valid usability evaluations of mobile devices , 2006, NordiCHI '06.