Energy Efficiency Analysis of Effective Hydrocast for Underwater Communication

Underwater acoustic communication is difficult due to a low propagation speed, limited bandwidth, and energy consumption. There is a communication void primarily due to oceanic currents, which cause node mobility. Hence, protocol recovery has been focused on two means: Eulerian and Lagrangian. This work provides an analysis using the Eulerian approach with internetworking between sensors, wherein an effective hydrocast is proposed with the concept of triangulation to avoid long detour paths for recovery. The protocol Effective Hydrocast uses normalized advance wherethe cost is calculated with energy consumption, throughput, packet delivery ratio and propagation delay. Simulations with the ns2 simulator using an aquasim patch with the development of an effective hydrocast protocol are done for throughput with two values of bandwidth minimal 3 kHz and maximal 1000 kHz. The results of throughput are compared with depth based routing, energy efficient depth based routing, energy efficient fitness based routing, hydrocast and void aware pressure routing (VAPR) of which effective hydrocast is better. Then, values obtained for energy consumption between an effective hydrocast and VAPR obtained using ns2 simulation is subjected to a time series analysis using a statistical package for social science. An autoregressive integrated moving average is developed and the best fitting model is estimated with the Bayesian information criterion, where an effective hydrocast is found to be better than VAPR.

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