Energy Efficient Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Game Theoretic Approach and Ant Colony Optimization

In the cluster based wireless sensor network architecture, an effective way to optimize the energy consumption is to implement an energy efficient scheme amongst the participating nodes for major activities such as construction of the hierarchical structure on the regular interval and the data communication from a node to the base station. This paper proposes an energy efficient approach for a cluster based wireless sensor network architecture by employing the game theory and ant colony optimization technique. Initially, the proposed work forms various clusters within the network and thereafter, the coalitions are formed using the proposed algorithm based on the game theory. The proposed algorithm considers the extent of spatially correlated sensed data that are generated by neighbouring nodes in order to form a coalition within a cluster. The proposed coalition scheme reduces the number of transmissions across the network. It is compared with the competing clustering protocols. The simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm achieves the increased network lifetime under the specified quality of service specification (QSS). The results of the proposed work are compared with that obtained through the existing low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and the deterministic stable election protocols (D-SEP). The overall improvement gain achieved by the proposed work is 31% and 10% at specified QSS, when compared with the LEACH and the D-SEP protocols respectively. Thus, the simulation results obtained in the proposed work confirm their superiority over the LEACH and the D-SEP protocols.