Pitfalls and Artefacts in Virtual Endoscopy

Artefacts can be defined as false features in the image that significantly alter the interpretation of the patient anatomy and pathology. For the radiologist, the recognition of artefacts is important to avoid incorrect diagnoses, and therefore precise knowledge of them is mandatory. Artefacts as well as other 3D (three-dimensional) representation methods affect virtual endoscopy. The appearance of artefacts in endoluminal views may add further difficulties to the interpretation of virtual endoscopy images (Bode et al. 2001). Artefacts can be grouped into two types, in relation to the phases of virtual endoscopy generation: image acquisition and image processing.