Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/κ-Carrageenan/Mesoporous Phosphotungstic Acid (mPTA) Electrolyte Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Applications

A new biopolymer based on chitosan and k-carrageenan with the addition of mesoporous phosphoric acid (mPTA) filler was used as an electrolyte membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) applications. Electrolyte membranes of pure solution of chitosan, k-carrageenan, and various compositions of chitosan/k-carrageenan (Cs/k-Car) (80/40, 90/30, 100/20 mL) were carried out to determine the composition of chitosan/k-carrageenan optimal. The optimum chitosan/k-carrageenan membrane is Cs/k-Car 80/40 which has a tensile strength of 22.00 MPa and a methanol permeability of 14.33 x 10-6 cm2/s. Membrane Cs/k-Car 80/40 was then added with variations of mesoporous phosphotungstic acid (mPTA) filler (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 %) to determine the optimum membrane electrolyte. The chitosan/k-carrageenan/mPTA 0,2% (Cs/k-Car/mPTA 0.2%) electrolyte membrane is the most optimum electrolyte membrane which has a proton conductivity of 12 x 10-3 S/cm and a methanol permeability of 7.64 x 10-6 cm2/s so it is expected to be the most suitable electrolyte membrane for DMFC application. Key words : Electrolyte membrane, chitosan, k-carrageenan, mesoporous phosphoric acid (mPTA), DMFC

[1]  Bayu Kumayanjati,et al.  Karakterisasi Edible Film dari Karagenan dan Kitosan dengan Metode Layer by Layer , 2019 .

[2]  Wan Ramli Wan Daud,et al.  Additives in proton exchange membranes for low- and high-temperature fuel cell applications: A review , 2019, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[3]  L. Sartore,et al.  A sustainable bioplastic obtained from rice straw , 2018, Journal of Cleaner Production.

[4]  Q. Zheng,et al.  Ultrathin κ-Carrageenan/Chitosan Hydrogel Films with High Toughness and Antiadhesion Property. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[5]  V. Raj,et al.  Cesium-substituted mesoporous phosphotungstic acid embedded chitosan hybrid polymer membrane for direct methanol fuel cells , 2018, Ionics.

[6]  D. Bhat,et al.  Biopolymer Electrolytes for Fuel Cell Applications , 2018 .

[7]  M. Eldin Development of Cross linked Chitosan/Alginate Polyelectrolyte Proton Exchanger Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications , 2017 .

[8]  Mahdiyar Shahbazi,et al.  Kinetic study of κ-carrageenan degradation and its impact on mechanical and structural properties of chitosan/κ-carrageenan film. , 2016, Carbohydrate polymers.

[9]  A. Ismail,et al.  Biopolymer-based electrolyte membranes from chitosan incorporated with montmorillonite-crosslinked GPTMS for direct methanol fuel cells , 2016 .

[10]  L. Atmaja,et al.  Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Phosphotungstic Acid-Montmorillonite Modified by Silane for DMFC Membrane , 2015 .

[11]  E. Giménez,et al.  New bio-polymeric membranes composed of alginate-carrageenan to be applied as polymer electrolyte membranes for DMFC , 2014 .

[12]  Chun–Chen Yang Fabrication and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/montmorillonite/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) proton-conducting composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cells , 2011 .

[13]  B. Smitha,et al.  Chitosan–poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) blends as membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications , 2006 .

[14]  Sundergopal Sridhar,et al.  Chitosan-sodium alginate polyion complexes as fuel cell membranes , 2005 .

[15]  Hyun Jin Park,et al.  Biopolymer composite films based on κ-carrageenan and chitosan , 2001 .