Using artefacts to mediate understanding in design conversations

The journey from the concept of a building to the actual built form is mediated with the use of various artefacts, such as drawings, product samples and models. These artefacts are produced for different purposes and for people with different levels of understanding of the design and construction processes. This paper studies design practice as it occurs naturally in a real-world situation by observing the conversations that surround the use of artefacts at the early stages of a building's design. Drawing on ethnographic data, insights are given into how the use of artefacts can reveal a participant's understanding of the scheme. The appropriateness of the method of conversation analysis to reveal the users' understanding of a scheme is explored by observing spoken micro-interactional behaviours. It is shown that the users' understanding of the design was developed in the conversations around the use of artefacts, as well as the knowledge that is embedded in the artefacts themselves. The users' confidence in the appearance of the building was considered to be gained in conversation, rather than the ability of the artefacts to represent a future reality. L'exécution d'un projet, de la conception du bâtiment à sa réalisation proprement dite, passe par l'utilisation de divers artéfacts tels que plans, échantillons de produits et modèles. Ces artéfacts sont produits pour plusieurs raisons et pour des personnes possédant différents niveaux de compréhension des processus de conception et de construction. Cet article étudie la pratique de la conception telle qu'on l'observe naturellement dans la réalité en écoutant les conversations qui entourent l'utilisation des artéfacts au tout début de la conception d'un bâtiment. S'appuyant sur des données ethnographiques, l'auteur explique succinctement comment l'utilisation d'artéfacts peut révéler comment un participant comprend un mécanisme. La pertinence de la méthode de l'analyse conversationnelle pour révéler la compréhension d'un mécanisme est analysée en observant les comportements micro-interactionnels verbaux. Il apparaît que la compréhension du concept par les utilisateurs se développe dans les conversations dont le sujet est l'utilisation d'artéfacts et dans la connaissance des artéfacts proprement dits. La confiance des utilisateurs dans l'aspect du bâtiment s'acquiert apparemment dans les conversations plutôt que dans l'aptitude des artéfacts à représenter une réalité future. Mots-clés: artéfacts, communication, analyse conversationnelle, pratiques de conception, processus de conception, conversations sur la conception, représentation, visualisation

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