Evolutionary form design: the application of genetic algorithmic techniques to computer-aided product design
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This paper introduces the current stage of research into the development of a CAD tool that
uses evolutionary techniques to assist designers in creating the form of products. A Genetic
Algorithm (GA) has been combined with a commercial CAD solid modelling system. This
initially enables the creation of a set of apparently random objects. These objects are then
subjected to a selective breeding programme, at the hands of the user and also guided by
pre-set internal, or environmental, factors. The user gives each object a score, or objective
function, influencing which objects are 'fittest', and more likely to become parents of the
next generation.
The intention is that, through the co-operation of the user and the pre-set environmental
factors, the forms on the screen progressively become more than an abstract collection of
geometric primitives. On a primary level, the system can provide the inspiration for
aesthetic features and characteristics of products. Further work may develop the potential
for a new design methodology. The challenge will be to make the concept genuinely useful,
and to do this the outcome of genetic manipulation needs to be predictable, to the extent
that desirable features from objects are reproduced in the next generation of objects. The
key to this is the way the genetic shape defining data is stored and processed, and is the
major focus of this continuing research .
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