Theoretical analysis and experiment of impact load transmitted into a sphere adjacent to anvil struck by travelling round bar.

The mechanical components of a ball thrust bearing, constant-velocity universal joint, locker arm of a cam driving a cylinder valve and a ball-type pressure-regulating valve, involve the elements of a sphere and an anvil. These are subjected to impact load. In this paper, we suppose a model with the simplest form of only a sphere and an anvil for these complex components. The sphere and anvil are in contact with each other and rest along the straight line joining their centers. When the free-side end of the anvil undergoes the normal collinear impact by travelling around the bar, the impact load transmitted into the sphere adjacent to the anvil is theoretically analyzed by a motion equation and Hertz's contact theory. It is important to find the particle velocity evoked by the arrival of a stress wave at the end of the anvil which is a point contact with the sphere. This particle speed is an initial velocity as the anvil transmits the load into the sphere. The validity of theoretical analysis is confirmed by comparison with an experiment under the same conditions.