A single-chip 900-MHz spread-spectrum wireless transceiver in 1-/spl mu/m CMOS. I. Architecture and transmitter design

A single-chip transceiver for frequency-hopped code division multiple access (CDMA) in the 900 MHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band is implemented in 1-/spl mu/m CMOS. It combines a digital frequency synthesizer, a double quadrature upconverter, an integrated oscillator, and a power amplifier with variable output. Data modulates a carrier hopping at 20 kHz with quaternary frequency-shift keying (4-FSK). At an output power level of +3 dBm, the harmonics and spurious tones lie at -52 dBc or below. When active, the transmitter drains 100 mA from 3 V.

[1]  Chris J. M. Verhoeven.  A high-frequency electronically tunable quadrature oscillator , 1992 .

[2]  A. S. Sedra,et al.  A 1 GHz quadrature sinusoidal oscillator , 1995, Proceedings of the IEEE 1995 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[3]  Michiel Steyaert,et al.  A Double Quadrature Topology for High Accuracy Upconversion in CMOS Transmitters , 1996, ESSCIRC '96: Proceedings of the 22nd European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[4]  H. Samueli,et al.  A 900 MHz CMOS frequency-hopped spread-spectrum RF transmitter IC , 1996, Proceedings of Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[5]  A. Abidi,et al.  Large suspended inductors on silicon and their use in a 2- mu m CMOS RF amplifier , 1993, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[6]  Jack Smith.  Modern Communication Circuits , 1986 .

[7]  Asad A. Abidi,et al.  A single-chip 900-MHz spread-spectrum wireless transceiver in 1-μm CMOS. II. Receiver design , 1998, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[8]  H. Samueli,et al.  The optimization of direct digital frequency synthesizer performance in the presence of finite word length effects , 1988, Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Frequency Control Symposium, 1988..

[9]  R.G. Meyer,et al.  A 2.5 GHz BiCMOS transceiver for wireless LAN , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Solids-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers.

[10]  Asad A. Abidi,et al.  A low-power CMOS digitally synthesized 0-13 MHz agile sinewave generator , 1994, Proceedings of IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - ISSCC '94.

[11]  Asad A. Abidi.  Direct-conversion radio transceivers for digital communications , 1995 .

[12]  Asad A. Abidi,et al.  A 1 GHz CMOS RF front-end IC for a direct-conversion wireless receiver , 1996, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[13]  M. Thamsirianunt,et al.  CMOS VCOs for PLL frequency synthesis in GHz digital mobile radio communications , 1995, Proceedings of the IEEE 1995 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[14]  Asad A. Abidi,et al.  A 900 Mhz Cmos Rf Power Amplifier With Programmable Output , 1994, Proceedings of 1994 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits.

[15]  J. L. Dunkley,et al.  Systematic capacitance matching errors and corrective layout procedures , 1994 .

[16]  Asad A. Abidi,et al.  An all-CMOS architecture for a low-power frequency-hopped 900 MHz spread spectrum transceiver , 1994, Proceedings of IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference - CICC '94.

[17]  A. Rofougaran,et al.  A 900 MHz CMOS LC-oscillator with quadrature outputs , 1996, 1996 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of TEchnical Papers, ISSCC.

[18]  K. W. Martin,et al.  High-speed voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs , 1991 .

[19]  D. Leeson.  A simple model of feedback oscillator noise spectrum , 1966 .

[20]  Ulrich L. Rohde,et al.  Microwave Circuit Design Using Linear and Nonlinear Techniques: Vendelin/Microwave Circuit Design Using Linear and Nonlinear Techniques , 1990 .

[21]  Gabor C. Temes,et al.  A quasi-passive CMOS pipeline D/A converter , 1989 .

[22]  Simon Haykin,et al.  Communication Systems , 1978 .

[23]  D. Su,et al.  A 2.5-V, 1-W monolithic CMOS RF power amplifier , 1997, Proceedings of CICC 97 - Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.

[24]  Gregory J. Pottie,et al.  System design choices in personal communications , 1995, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[25]  H. Samueli,et al.  Synchronization techniques for a frequency-hopped wireless transceiver , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[26]  H. Samueli,et al.  A 150-MHz Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer In 1.25/spl mu/m CMOS With -90dBc Spurious Performance , 1991 .

[27]  Peter R. Kinget,et al.  A 1-GHz CMOS up-conversion mixer , 1997 .

[28]  Asad A. Abidi,et al.  Low power correlation detector for binary FSK direct-conversion receivers , 1995 .

[29]  J. Crois,et al.  A fully integrated 900 MHz CMOS double quadrature downconverter , 1995, Proceedings ISSCC '95 - International Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[30]  F.L. Martin.  A BiCMOS 50-MHz voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference - CICC '93.

[31]  H. Samueli,et al.  A 200 MHz CMOS pipelined multiplier-accumulator using a quasi-domino dynamic full-adder cell design , 1993 .

[32]  H. Samueli,et al.  A low-power baseband receiver IC for frequency-hopped spread spectrum communications , 1996 .

[33]  H. Samueli,et al.  An Analysis of the Output Spectrum of Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers in the Presence of Phase-Accumulator Truncation , 1987, 41st Annual Symposium on Frequency Control.

[34]  Robert C. Dixon,et al.  Spread‐spectrum systems , 1976 .

[35]  D.P.M. Millar.  A two-phase audio-frequency oscillator , 1934 .

[36]  M.J.M. Pelgrom,et al.  Matching properties of MOS transistors , 1989 .