Management of intracerebral hemorrhage

Currently, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has the highest mortality rate of all stroke subtypes (Counsell et al 1995; Qureshi et al 2005). Hematoma growth is a principal cause of early neurological deterioration. Prospective and retrospective studies indicate that up to 38% hematoma expansion is noted within three hours of ICH onset and that hematoma volume is an important predictor of 30-day mortality (Brott et al 1997; Qureshi et al 2005). This article will review current standard of care measures for ICH patients and new research directed at early hemostatic therapy and minimally invasive surgery.

[1]  S. Mayer,et al.  Recombinant Activated Factor VII for Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage , 2007, Stroke.

[2]  M. Hartmann,et al.  Hematoma Growth and Outcome in Treated Neurocritical Care Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Related to Oral Anticoagulant Therapy: Comparison of Acute Treatment Strategies Using Vitamin K, Fresh Frozen Plasma, and Prothrombin Complex Concentrates , 2006, Stroke.

[3]  E. Savolainen,et al.  Regular Aspirin-Use Preceding the Onset of Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage is an Independent Predictor for Death , 2006, Stroke.

[4]  JonathanRosand,et al.  Intracerebral Hemorrhage Associated With Oral Anticoagulant Therapy , 2006 .

[5]  Eric E. Smith,et al.  Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. , 2006, Archives of neurology.

[6]  Nobuyuki Yasui,et al.  [Intracerebral hemorrhage]. , 2006, Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine.

[7]  G. Sutherland,et al.  Primary intracerebral hemorrhage: pathophysiology. , 2005, The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques.

[8]  S. Ibayashi,et al.  Antiplatelet therapy contributes to acute deterioration of intracerebral hemorrhage , 2005, Neurology.

[9]  E. Oger,et al.  Prevention of venous thrombosis in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage , 2005, Neurology.

[10]  J. Ferro,et al.  Causes and Predictors of Death in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis , 2005, Stroke.

[11]  J. Broderick.  The STICH trial: what does it tell us and where do we go from here? , 2005, Stroke.

[12]  Chad M. Miller,et al.  Frameless stereotactic aspiration and thrombolysis of deep intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with reduction of hemorrhage volume and neurological improvement , 2005, Neurocritical care.

[13]  E. Ringelstein,et al.  Role of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in intracerebral hemorrhage in hypertensive patients , 2005, Neurology.

[14]  M. Gomis,et al.  Previous antiplatelet therapy is an independent predictor of 30–day mortality after spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage , 2005, Journal of Neurology.

[15]  A David Mendelow,et al.  Early surgery versus initial conservative treatment in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haematomas in the International Surgical Trial in Intracerebral Haemorrhage (STICH): a randomised trial , 2005, The Lancet.

[16]  D. Hanley,et al.  Frameless stereotactic aspiration and thrombolysis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage , 2005, Neurocritical care.

[17]  John A Butman,et al.  Comparison of MRI and CT for detection of acute intracerebral hemorrhage. , 2004, JAMA.

[18]  S. Greenberg,et al.  Warfarin, hematoma expansion, and outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage , 2004, Neurology.

[19]  S. Mayer,et al.  Intraventricular Thrombolysis Speeds Blood Clot Resolution: Results of a Pilot, Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Trial , 2004, Neurosurgery.

[20]  G. Tsivgoulis,et al.  U‐shaped relationship between mortality and admission blood pressure in patients with acute stroke , 2004, Journal of internal medicine.

[21]  A. Villringer,et al.  Stroke Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Accurate in Hyperacute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Study on the Validity of Stroke Imaging , 2004, Stroke.

[22]  M. Diringer,et al.  Treatment of fever in the neurologic intensive care unit with a catheter-based heat exchange system , 2004, Critical care medicine.

[23]  William J Powers,et al.  The use of positron emission tomography in cerebrovascular disease. , 2003, Neuroimaging clinics of North America.

[24]  J. Lodder,et al.  Stereotactic Treatment of Intracerebral Hematoma by Means of a Plasminogen Activator: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (SICHPA) , 2003, Stroke.

[25]  S. Mayer,et al.  Risk factors for fever in the neurologic intensive care unit , 2003, Neurology.

[26]  S. Rathore,et al.  Characterization of Incident Stroke Signs and Symptoms: Findings From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study , 2002, Stroke.

[27]  S. Rossi,et al.  Seizures after Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage , 2002, Epilepsia.

[28]  E. Wijdicks,et al.  Emergency craniotomy in patients worsening due to expanded cerebral hematoma: To what purpose? , 2002, Neurology.

[29]  P. Sandercock,et al.  Blood Pressure and Clinical Outcomes in the International Stroke Trial , 2002, Stroke.

[30]  C. Warlow,et al.  A systematic review of the frequency and prognosis of arteriovenous malformations of the brain in adults. , 2001, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[31]  H. Mehdorn,et al.  Stroke Pattern Interpretation: The Variability of Hypertensive versus Amyloid Angiopathy Hemorrhage , 2001, Cerebrovascular Diseases.

[32]  N. Temkin.  Antiepileptogenesis and Seizure Prevention Trials with Antiepileptic Drugs: Meta‐Analysis of Controlled Trials , 2001, Epilepsia.

[33]  S. Mayer,et al.  Clinical trial of an air-circulating cooling blanket for fever control in critically ill neurologic patients , 2001, Neurology.

[34]  J. Ulatowski,et al.  Treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage with urokinase : effects on 30-Day survival. , 2000, Stroke.

[35]  A. Baxter,et al.  Extravasation of radiographic contrast is an independent predictor of death in primary intracerebral hemorrhage. , 1999, Stroke.

[36]  Y. Murai,et al.  Three-dimensional computerized tomography angiography in patients with hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage. , 1999, Journal of neurosurgery.

[37]  J M Zabramski,et al.  Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. , 1999, Stroke.

[38]  B. McKinley,et al.  Standardized management of intracranial pressure: a preliminary clinical trial. , 1999, The Journal of trauma.

[39]  J. Ward,et al.  An evidence-based approach to management of increased intracranial pressure. , 1998, Critical care clinics.

[40]  Y. Fujii,et al.  Multivariate analysis of predictors of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. , 1998, Stroke.

[41]  P. Griffiths,et al.  Angiography in non-traumatic brain haematoma , 1997, Acta radiologica.

[42]  X. L. Zhu,et al.  Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage: which patients need diagnostic cerebral angiography? A prospective study of 206 cases and review of the literature. , 1997, Stroke.

[43]  YasuoTerayama,et al.  Prognostic Value of Admission Blood Pressure in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage , 1997 .

[44]  F. Rosendaal,et al.  Emergency Oral Anticoagulant Reversal: The Relative Efficacy of Infusions of Fresh Frozen Plasma and Clotting Factor Concentrate on Correction of the Coagulopathy , 1997, Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

[45]  J. Broderick,et al.  Early hemorrhage growth in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. , 1997, Stroke.

[46]  T. Wakefield,et al.  Intraoperative heparin anticoagulation and its reversal. , 1996, Seminars in vascular surgery.

[47]  Takenoriyamaguchi,et al.  Enlargement of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage , 1996 .

[48]  Haruko Yamamoto,et al.  Enlargement of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Incidence and time course. , 1996, Stroke.

[49]  P D Lyden,et al.  Guidelines for thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke: a supplement to the guidelines for the management of patients with acute ischemic stroke. A statement for healthcare professionals from a Special Writing Group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. , 1996, Circulation.

[50]  J. van der Meulen,et al.  The bleeding risk in chronic haemodialysis: preventive strategies in high-risk patients. , 1996, The Netherlands journal of medicine.

[51]  J. Grotta,et al.  Guidelines for Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Stroke: a Supplement to the Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. A statement for healthcare professionals from a Special Writing Group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. , 1996, Stroke.

[52]  D. Kondziolka,et al.  The natural history of cerebral cavernous malformations. , 1995, Journal of neurosurgery.

[53]  G. Hart,et al.  Prospective evaluation of cerebral angiography and computed tomography in cerebral haematoma. , 1994, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[54]  P. Sandercock,et al.  Primary Intracerebral Haemorrhage in the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project , 1993 .

[55]  B. Norrving,et al.  Emergency Reversal of Anticoagulation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage , 1992, Stroke.

[56]  Raul G Nogueira,et al.  Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. , 1992, Neurosurgery clinics of North America.

[57]  E. Voth,et al.  Early heparin therapy in patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. , 1991, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[58]  J. Dambrosia,et al.  Prediction of intracerebral hemorrhage survival , 1988, Annals of neurology.

[59]  B. Strom,et al.  Effects of dexamethasone in primary supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. , 1987, The New England journal of medicine.

[60]  Daniel B Hier,et al.  Headache in acute cerebrovascular disease , 1986, Neurology.

[61]  G. Campbell,et al.  Fenestrations in the Internal Elastic Lamina at Bifurcations of Human Cerebral Arteries , 1981, Stroke.

[62]  C. Kase,et al.  Cerebellar hemorrhage: diagnosis and treatment. A review of 56 cases. , 1974, Archives of neurology.

[63]  R. Bauer,et al.  Dexamethasone as Treatment in Cerebrovascular Disease. 2. A Controlled Study in Acute Cerebral Infarction , 1973, Stroke.

[64]  R. Bauer,et al.  Dexamethasone as Treatment in Cerebrovascular Disease. 1. A Controlled Study in Intracerebral Hemorrhage , 1973, Stroke.

[65]  C. Fisher,et al.  PATHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS IN HYPERTENSIVE CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE , 1971, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology.

[66]  G. Beeson,et al.  in adults with , 2019 .

[67]  K. Bestehorn,et al.  Vascular Health and Risk Management , 2022 .