The Knowledge-stream Model - A Comprehensive Model for Knowledge Circulation in Communities of Knowledgeable Practitioners

In this paper we present an original position on how knowledge is created and shared in organizational domains. We propose a metaphor of diffusion, borrowed from genetics, and a four phase model, which aims to be as simple as the SECI model proposed within the OKCT, but also more comprehensive and sociologically-informed. Our model takes into account the individual, social and cultural dimensions of knowledge (what we denote as co-knowledge) to account for the various ways knowledge is “circulated” among people (i.e., members of any social structure); we also propose ancillary concepts like that of “Knowing Community” and “Knowledge Artifact”, as analytical constructs to represent, respectively, the environment hosting such a circulation and the technological driver that either enables or supports it.

[1]  Stephen Gourlay,et al.  Knowing as Semiosis: Steps towards a Reconceptualization of 'Tacit Knowledge' , 2004 .

[2]  Carla Simone,et al.  Knowledge artifacts within knowing communities to foster collective knowledge , 2014, AVI.

[3]  J. Brown,et al.  Knowledge and Organization: A Social-Practice Perspective , 2001 .

[4]  Mark S. Ackerman,et al.  Resources, Co-Evolution and Artifacts - Theory in CSCW , 2007, Computer Supported Cooperative Work.

[5]  Kjeld Schmidt The Trouble with ‘Tacit Knowledge’ , 2012, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[6]  Linda Argote,et al.  Repositories of Knowledge in Franchise Organizations: Individual, Structural, and Technological , 2001 .

[7]  Nancy Ruth Fox,et al.  Knowledge and Organization , 1990 .

[8]  Charmaine Barreto,et al.  How Does Tacit Knowledge Proliferate? An Episode-Based Perspective , 2006 .

[9]  D. Schoen,et al.  The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action , 1985 .

[10]  Gail Fine,et al.  Plato on Knowledge and Forms: Selected Essays , 2003 .

[11]  Thomas H. Davenport,et al.  Book review:Working knowledge: How organizations manage what they know. Thomas H. Davenport and Laurence Prusak. Harvard Business School Press, 1998. $29.95US. ISBN 0‐87584‐655‐6 , 1998 .

[12]  John M Boone,et al.  The trouble with CTD100. , 2007, Medical physics.

[13]  Pierre Bourdieu,et al.  Réponses : pour une anthropologie réflexive , 1992 .

[14]  V. Gordon Childe,et al.  Society and knowledge , 1973 .

[15]  A. Suchman,et al.  Organizations as machines, organizations as conversations: two core metaphors and their consequences. , 2011, Medical care.

[16]  Wiebe E. Bijker,et al.  Science in action : how to follow scientists and engineers through society , 1989 .

[17]  Sayyed Mohammad Reza Davoodi,et al.  The relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management: (A case study: Isfahan University) , 2011, WCIT.

[18]  Harry Collins,et al.  The Bread-Making Machine: Tacit Knowledge and Two Types of Action , 2007 .

[19]  Etienne Wenger,et al.  Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity , 1998 .

[20]  F. Heylighen What makes a meme successful? Selection criteria for cultural evolution , 1998 .

[21]  K. Knorr-Cetina,et al.  Epistemic cultures : how the sciences make knowledge , 1999 .

[22]  D. Dennett Memes and the Exploitation of Imagination , 2021, Philosophy after Darwin.

[23]  野中 郁次郎,et al.  The Knowledge-Creating Company: How , 1995 .

[24]  Andrea Cerroni Individuals, knowledge and governance in the 21st-century society , 2007 .

[25]  H. Speel MEMETICS : ON A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR CULTURAL EVOLUTION , 2009 .

[26]  P. Burke,et al.  A social history of knowledge , 2000 .

[27]  D. Dennett,et al.  The Extended Phenotype: The Long Reach of the Gene , 2008 .

[28]  K. K. Cetina,et al.  The Practice Turn in Contemporary Theory , 2001 .

[29]  I. Vernersson Open University Press , 2000 .

[30]  Nico Stehr Practical Knowledge: Applying the Social Sciences , 1992 .

[31]  I. Nonaka A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation , 1994 .

[32]  R. F. Hull,et al.  Zen in the Art of Archery , 1948 .

[33]  L. Argote,et al.  KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER: A BASIS FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN FIRMS , 2000 .

[34]  Elan Moritz Memetic Science: I-General Introduction , 1990 .

[35]  Donald A. Sch The reflective practitioner: how professionals think in action , 1983 .

[36]  Georg von Krogh,et al.  Perspective - Tacit Knowledge and Knowledge Conversion: Controversy and Advancement in Organizational Knowledge Creation Theory , 2009, Organ. Sci..

[37]  Haridimos Tsoukas,et al.  Do we really understand tacit knowledge , 2002 .

[38]  Juup Essers,et al.  Nonaka's subjectivist conception of knowledge in corporate knowledge management , 1997 .

[39]  Stephen Gourlay Conceptualizing Knowledge Creation: A Critique of Nonaka's Theory , 2006 .

[40]  Andrea Cerroni Scienza e società della conoscenza , 2006 .

[41]  Wanda J. Orlikowski,et al.  Material knowing: the scaffolding of human knowledgeability , 2006, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[42]  Carl Bereiter,et al.  Education and Mind in the Knowledge Age , 2002 .

[43]  E. B. Tylor,et al.  Primitive Culture: Researches Into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Art, and Custom , 1974 .

[44]  Federico Cabitza,et al.  Between Form and Perform: the Knowledge Artifact in Organizations and IT Design , 2014, ICIS 2014.

[45]  Robert M. Grant,et al.  Knowledge and Organization , 2001 .

[46]  R. Lewontin ‘The Selfish Gene’ , 1977, Nature.

[47]  M. Polanyi Chapter 7 – The Tacit Dimension , 1997 .

[48]  H. Maturana,et al.  The Tree of Knowledge: The Biological Roots of Human Understanding , 2007 .

[49]  R. Emami,et al.  The Relationship between Organizational Culture and Knowledge Management , 2012 .

[50]  J. Burman,et al.  The misunderstanding of memes: Biography of an unscientific object, 19761999 , 2012, Perspectives on Science.

[51]  J. Brown,et al.  Bridging epistemologies: The generative dance between organizational knowledge and organizational knowing , 1999, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.