Implementing a technically and economically viable system for recording data inside concrete

Abstract As information and communication technologies continuously develop and improve, they are increasingly incorporated into the fields of civil engineering, construction and infrastructure. Decision-making in construction projects is key to being competitive and guaranteeing the quality of structures. Integrated monitoring systems play an important role in concrete structures. Tracking humidity and temperature provides information on concrete hydration and hardening processes. This study focuses on creating a technically and economically viable data recording system. To this end, general purpose dual sensors have been incorporated (for temperature/humidity). With the aim of measuring these values in the interior of concrete, different options for encapsulating the sensors have been examined. An economical proposal of this kind consists of a wireless network that provides data in real time, and therefore facilitates decision-making for builders and project management. Obtaining reliable data from the concrete interior allows us to verify if the hardening process has evolved correctly. In the future, this type of verification test could replace the inspection currently mandated by regulations. The cost of the proposed system offers savings of 45.37% compared to existing controls.

[1]  John Barrett,et al.  Development of an embedded wireless sensing system for the monitoring of concrete , 2012 .

[2]  Han-seung Lee,et al.  Monitoring method for the chloride ion penetration in mortar by a thin-film sensor reacting to chloride ion , 2014 .

[3]  Fu-Kuo Chang,et al.  Ultrasonic guided wave active sensing for monitoring of split failures in reinforced concrete , 2015 .

[4]  Gustavo Duffo,et al.  Development of an embeddable sensor to monitor the corrosion process of new and existing reinforced concrete structures , 2009 .

[5]  Lijuan Cheng,et al.  Use of fiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring concrete structures with prestressed near-surface mounted carbon fiber–reinforced polymer strips , 2014 .

[6]  Jung-Hoon Park,et al.  The Experimental Study on Concrete Permeability of Wireless Communication Module Embedded in Reinforced Concrete Structures , 2013, Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks.

[7]  William John McCarter,et al.  Developments in monitoring techniques for durability assessment of cover-zone concrete , 2010 .

[8]  W. John McCarter,et al.  Sensor systems for use in reinforced concrete structures , 2004 .

[9]  Suresh Bhalla,et al.  Reinforcement corrosion assessment capability of surface bonded and embedded piezo sensors for reinforced concrete structures , 2015 .

[10]  S. Georgakopoulos,et al.  Optimum Wireless Powering of Sensors Embedded in Concrete , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[11]  Pekka Pursula,et al.  High Frequency and Ultrahigh Frequency Radio Frequency Identification Passive Sensor Transponders for Humidity and Temperature Measurement Within Building Structures , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[12]  Greg E. Bridges,et al.  A wireless embedded passive sensor for monitoring the corrosion potential of reinforcing steel , 2013 .

[13]  Campbell R. Middleton,et al.  The response of embedded strain sensors in concrete beams subjected to thermal loading , 2014 .

[14]  C. Providakis,et al.  T-WiEYE: An early-age concrete strength development monitoring and miniaturized wireless impedance sensing system , 2011 .

[15]  Chih-Yuan Chang,et al.  Implementing RFIC and sensor technology to measure temperature and humidity inside concrete structures , 2012 .

[16]  S. Bhalla,et al.  Corrosion assessment of reinforced concrete structures based on equivalent structural parameters using electro-mechanical impedance technique , 2014 .

[17]  Walter D. Leon-Salas,et al.  A RFID Sensor for Corrosion Monitoring in Concrete , 2016, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[18]  Paulo J. S. Cruz,et al.  Design and mechanical characterization of fibre optic plate sensor for cracking monitoring , 2006 .

[19]  Nick R. Buenfeld Editorial: Automated monitoring of concrete structures – research opportunities , 2011 .

[20]  Mohammad Pour-Ghaz,et al.  Wireless Crack Detection in Concrete Elements Using Conductive Surface Sensors and Radio Frequency Identification Technology , 2014 .

[21]  Mohamed Saafi,et al.  Temperature and moisture monitoring in concrete structures using embedded nanotechnology/microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors , 2008 .

[22]  Tribikram Kundu,et al.  Detection and quantification of diameter reduction due to corrosion in reinforcing steel bars , 2015 .

[23]  Dakai Liang,et al.  Design of a long-period fiber grating sensor for reinforcing bar corrosion in concrete , 2012 .

[24]  Gabriel Sas,et al.  Using digital image correlation to evaluate fatigue behavior of strengthened reinforced concrete beams , 2015 .

[25]  Yu Along,et al.  Mass concrete structure damage identification research based on wireless sensor networks and agents , 2015 .

[26]  Norberto Barroca,et al.  Wireless sensor networks for temperature and humidity monitoring within concrete structures , 2013 .

[27]  Boo Hyun Nam,et al.  Concrete temperature monitoring using passive wireless surface acoustic wave sensor system , 2015 .

[28]  Carmen Andrade,et al.  Examples of reinforcement corrosion monitoring by embedded sensors in concrete structures , 2009 .