Learning and adaptation of an intelligent mobile robot navigator operating in unstructured environment based on a novel online Fuzzy-Genetic system

Abstract In this paper we present our novel Fuzzy–Genetic techniques for the online learning and adaptation of an intelligent robotic navigator system. Such a system could be used by autonomous mobile vehicles navigating in unstructured and changing environments. In this work we focus on the online learning of the obstacle avoidance behaviour, which is an example of a behaviour that receives delayed reinforcement. We show how this behaviour can be co-ordinated with other behaviours that receive immediate reinforcement (such as goal seeking and edge following) learnt during our previous work to generate an intelligent reactive navigator that can deal with unstructured and changing outdoor environments. The system described uses a life long learning paradigm whereby it is able to dynamically adapt to new environments and update its knowledge base.

[1]  Xiheng Hu,et al.  More on designing fuzzy controllers using genetic algorithms: guided constrained optimisation , 1997, Proceedings of 6th International Fuzzy Systems Conference.

[2]  Chuen-Chien Lee FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL SYSTEMS: FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER - PART I , 1990 .

[3]  Fernando José Von Zuben,et al.  Evolutionary design of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems: a modular and hierarchical approach , 2000, Ninth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems. FUZZ- IEEE 2000 (Cat. No.00CH37063).

[4]  Stefano Nolfi,et al.  Evolving Mobile Robots in Simulated and Real Environments , 1995, Artificial Life.

[5]  Toshio Fukuda,et al.  An intelligent robotic system based on a fuzzy approach , 1999, Proc. IEEE.

[6]  Andrew G. Barto,et al.  Reinforcement learning , 1998 .

[7]  Nikola Kasabov,et al.  Neuro-Genetic Information Processing for Optimisation and Adaptation in Intelligent Systems , 2000 .

[8]  Roseli A. Francelin Romero,et al.  Incorporating Fuzzy Logic to Reinforcement Learning , 2000 .

[9]  Stefano Nolfi,et al.  Evolving mobile robots in simulated and real environments , 1995 .

[10]  D. Shanks,et al.  Human instrumental learning: a critical review of data and theory. , 1993, British journal of psychology.

[11]  M. Colley,et al.  Online learning of fuzzy behaviours using genetic algorithms and real-time interaction with the environment , 1999, FUZZ-IEEE'99. 1999 IEEE International Fuzzy Systems. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36315).

[12]  Andrew W. Moore,et al.  Reinforcement Learning: A Survey , 1996, J. Artif. Intell. Res..

[13]  A. Safiotti,et al.  Fuzzy logic in autonomous robotics: behavior coordination , 1997, Proceedings of 6th International Fuzzy Systems Conference.

[14]  D. Schacter Implicit memory: History and current status. , 1987 .

[15]  Derek A. Linkens,et al.  Genetic algorithms for fuzzy control.1. Offline system development and application , 1995 .

[16]  François G. Pin,et al.  Navigation of mobile robots using a fuzzy behaviorist approach and custom-designed fuzzy inferencing boards , 1994, Robotica.

[17]  Chuen-Chien Lee,et al.  Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller. II , 1990, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern..

[18]  HANI HAGRAS,et al.  Outdoor mobile robot learning and adaptation , 2001, IEEE Robotics Autom. Mag..

[19]  Sushil J. Louis,et al.  Solving Similar Problems Using Genetic Algorithms and Case-Based Memory , 1997, ICGA.

[20]  Paulo Cortez,et al.  The relationship between learning and evolution in static and dynamic environments , 2000 .

[21]  Chuen-Chien Lee,et al.  Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller. I , 1990, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern..

[22]  Hayong Harry Zhou,et al.  CSM: A Computational Model of Cumulative Learning , 1990, Machine Learning.

[23]  William M. Spears,et al.  Crossover or Mutation? , 1992, FOGA.

[24]  C C Lee,et al.  FUZZY LOGIC IN CONTROL SYSTEM FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER-PART II , 1990 .

[25]  Marco Colombetti,et al.  Robot Shaping: Developing Autonomous Agents Through Learning , 1994, Artif. Intell..

[26]  Lotfi A. Zadeh,et al.  Fuzzy sets and systems , 1990 .

[27]  Frank Hoffmann Incremental Tuning of Fuzzy Controllers by Means of an Evolution Strategy , 1998 .

[28]  Robert G. Reynolds,et al.  Using cultural algorithms to support re-engineering of rule-based expert systems in dynamic performance environments: a case study in fraud detection , 1997, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[29]  Anton Schwartz,et al.  A Reinforcement Learning Method for Maximizing Undiscounted Rewards , 1993, ICML.

[30]  Edward Tunstel,et al.  Behavior Hierarchy for Autonomous Mobile Robots: Fuzzy-Behavior Modulation and Evolution , 1997, Intell. Autom. Soft Comput..

[31]  Hyung Suck Cho,et al.  A sensor-based navigation for a mobile robot using fuzzy logic and reinforcement learning , 1995, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern..

[32]  Hani Hagras,et al.  A fuzzy-genetic based embedded-agent approach to learning and control in agricultural autonomous vehicles , 1999, Proceedings 1999 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.99CH36288C).

[33]  John Yen,et al.  A fuzzy logic based extension to Payton and Rosenblatt's command fusion method for mobile robot navigation , 1995, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern..

[34]  Zbigniew Michalewicz,et al.  Evolutionary Computation 1 , 2018 .

[35]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search Optimization and Machine Learning , 1988 .

[36]  Sankar K. Pal,et al.  Genetic Algorithms for Pattern Recognition , 2017 .

[37]  Robert Kozma,et al.  Introduction: Hybrid intelligent adaptive systems , 1998, Int. J. Intell. Syst..

[38]  Sushil J. LouisDepartment Combining Robot Control Strategies Using Genetic Algorithms with Memory , 1997 .

[39]  Hayong Harry Zhou,et al.  CSM: A computational model of cumulative learning , 2004, Machine Learning.

[40]  Andrea Bonarini Delayed Reinforcement , Fuzzy Q-Learning and Fuzzy Logic Controllers , 1996 .

[41]  Hani Hagras,et al.  Online learning of the sensors fuzzy membership functions in autonomous mobile robots , 2000, Proceedings 2000 ICRA. Millennium Conference. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Symposia Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37065).

[42]  Gan Li,et al.  Combining Control Strategies Using Genetic Algorithms with Memory , 1997, Evolutionary Programming.

[43]  José M. Molina López,et al.  Genetic learning of fuzzy reactive controllers , 1998, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[44]  Jianwei Zhang,et al.  Rapid learning of sensor-based behaviours of mobile robots based on B-spline fuzzy controllers , 1998, 1998 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (Cat. No.98CH36228).

[45]  Rodney A. Brooks,et al.  Artificial Life and Real Robots , 1992 .

[46]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  Implementation of evolutionary fuzzy systems , 1999, IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst..

[47]  N. H. C. Yung,et al.  An intelligent mobile vehicle navigator based on fuzzy logic and reinforcement learning , 1999, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B.