Etude in vitro de l’effet des tanins de Newbouldia laevis et de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes sur la migration des larves infestantes de Haemonchus contortus

Dans le but d’aborder le mecanisme d’action des extraits acetoniques et ethanoliques de Newbouldia laevis (Bignoniaceae) et de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Rutaceae), leur effet inhibiteur a ete evalue in vitro sur la migration larvaire de Haemonchus contortus . Le test d’inhibition de la migration larvaire (LMI) a ete applique sur les larves infestantes (L 3 ), âgees de 2 a 3 mois incubees avec des extraits vegetaux a differentes concentrations : 150, 300, 600 et 1200 μg/mL mis ou non en contact avec la polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP). Un temoin negatif (tampon PBS) a ete inclus dans chaque test. L’observation sous microscope et le denombrement des L 3 ayant migre par rapport au nombre total de larves deposees dans l’insert ont permis de calculer le taux de la migration larvaire. Les extraits de Newbouldia laevis et de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides inhibent in vitro la migration larvaire de Haemonchus contortus . Cet effet est dose-dependant (p<0,001). Les extraits hydroethanoliques ont eu plus d’effet surtout aux fortes doses. Le contact des extraits des plantes avec la polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) annule tout ou une partie de l’effet anthelminthique des extraits. Ces resultats suggerent que l’inhibition de la migration larvaire est en partie due a l’action des tanins. Le pourcentage d’inhibition du aux tanins est de 28,60% quel que soit la plante et quel que soit le solvant d’extraction. Keywords : Haemonchus contortus , migration larvaire, tanins, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides , Newbouldia laevis , Benin

[1]  C. Dumon.  Pathologie de la gestation chez la chienne , 2009 .

[2]  H. Hoste,et al.  Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) extract and monomers of condensed tannins on the association of abomasal nematode larvae with fundic explants. , 2008, International journal for parasitology.

[3]  H. Hoste,et al.  The kinetics of exsheathment of infective nematode larvae is disturbed in the presence of a tannin-rich plant extract (sainfoin) both in vitro and in vivo , 2007, Parasitology.

[4]  Z. Iqbal,et al.  Anthelmintic resistance: the state of play revisited. , 2006, Life sciences.

[5]  S. Thamsborg,et al.  The effects of tannin-rich plants on parasitic nematodes in ruminants. , 2006, Trends in parasitology.

[6]  M. Saeftel,et al.  Newbouldiaquinone A: A naphthoquinone-anthraquinone ether coupled pigment, as a potential antimicrobial and antimalarial agent from Newbouldia laevis. , 2006, Phytochemistry.

[7]  H. Hoste,et al.  Effects of four tanniferous plant extracts on the in vitro exsheathment of third-stage larvae of parasitic nematodes , 2006, Parasitology.

[8]  H. Makkar,et al.  Chemical and biological assays for quantification of major plant secondary metabolites. , 2006 .

[9]  H. Hoste,et al.  Effect of bioactive compounds from Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) on the in vitro larval migration of Haemonchus contortus: role of tannins and flavonol glycosides , 2005, Parasitology.

[10]  J. Eloff,et al.  Rationale for using Peltophorum africanum (Fabaceae) extracts in veterinary medicine. , 2005, Journal of the South African Veterinary Association.

[11]  H. Hussain,et al.  Newbouldiaquinone and newbouldiamide: a new naphthoquinone-anthraquinone coupled pigment and a new ceramide from Newbouldia laevis. , 2005, Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin.

[12]  A. A. Taiwo,et al.  Herbal remedies in animal parasitic diseases in Nigeria: a review , 2005 .

[13]  K. Moutairou,et al.  In vitro effects of four tropical plants on three life-cycle stages of the parasitic nematode, Haemonchus contortus. , 2005, Research in veterinary science.

[14]  I. O. Ademola,et al.  Comparative Nematocidal Activity of Chromatographic Fractions of Leucaena leucocephala. Seed Against Gastrointestinal Sheep Nematodes , 2005 .

[15]  Latifou Lagnika.  Etude phytochimique et activité biologique de substances naturelles isolées de plantes béninoises , 2005 .

[16]  R. Kaplan.  Drug resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance: a status report. , 2004, Trends in parasitology.

[17]  S. Bishop,et al.  Prospects for Plant Anthelmintics in Tropical Veterinary Medicine , 1997, Veterinary Research Communications.

[18]  M. Curini,et al.  Antifungal activity of some Cuban Zanthoxylum species. , 2003, Fitoterapia.

[19]  P. Abdu,et al.  In vitro screening of two Nigerian medicinal plants (Vernonia amygdalina and Annona senegalensis) for anthelmintic activity. , 2003, Veterinary parasitology.

[20]  S. Hounzangbé-Adoté.  La pharmacopée en médecine vétérinaire au sud du Bénin (cas des ovins et caprins) , 2002 .

[21]  M. Simmonds,et al.  Antifeedant constituents from Fagara macrophylla. , 2001, Fitoterapia.

[22]  N. Enwerem,et al.  Anthelmintic activity of the stem bark extracts of Berlina grandiflora and one of its active principles, Betulinic acid. , 2001, Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology.

[23]  F. Jackson,et al.  The development of anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes , 2000, Parasitology.

[24]  J. Eloff.  Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants? , 1998, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[25]  P. Douch,et al.  Improved bioassay for estimation of inhibitory effects of ovine gastrointestinal mucus and anthelmintics on nematode larval migration. , 1994, International journal for parasitology.

[26]  J. Pirani,et al.  Chemistry of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium: A new secofuroquinoline alkaloid , 1992 .

[27]  É. Adjanohoun,et al.  Contribution aux études ethnobotaniques et floristiques en République populaire du Bénin , 1989 .

[28]  J. V. van Wyk,et al.  Resistance of field strains of Haemonchus contortus to ivermectin, closantel, rafoxanide and the benzimidazoles in South Africa , 1988, Veterinary Record.

[29]  É. Adjanohoun,et al.  Medecine traditionnelle et pharmacopee: Contribution aux etudes ethnobotaniques et floristiques en Republique Populaire du Congo , 1988 .