Depth-resolved low-coherence backscattering spectroscopy

Although the phenomenon of coherent backscattering (CBS) in non-biological media has generated substantial research interest, observing CBS in biological tissue has been extremely difficult. Thus, this phenomenon has awaited its applications in tissue optics over the last two decades. Here we demonstrate depth-resolved spectroscopic elastic-light scattering measurements in tissue by use of low-coherent backscattering (LCBS) spectroscopy. The depth resolution is achieved by exploiting the nature of the LCBS peak that contains information about a wide range of tissue depths. We further demonstrate that the depth-resolved LCBS spectroscopy has the potential for identifying the location of the origin of precancerous transformations in the colon at an early, previously undetectable stage.

[1]  G. Yoon,et al.  Coherent backscattering in biological media: measurement and estimation of optical properties. , 1993, Applied optics.

[2]  R. Alfano,et al.  Optical polarization imaging. , 1997, Applied optics.

[3]  Albert Cerussi,et al.  Noninvasive functional optical spectroscopy of human breast tissue , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[4]  V. Michels,et al.  The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer , 1999 .

[5]  I. Thorup,et al.  Review of colorectal cancer and its metastases in rodent models: comparative aspects with those in humans. , 2000, Comparative medicine.

[6]  George Papanicolaou,et al.  Optical polarization imaging in biological tissue , 2001, SPIE BiOS.

[7]  Robert R. Alfano,et al.  Biological materials probed by the temporal and angular profiles of the backscattered ultrafast laser pulses , 1990 .

[8]  G. Labeyrie,et al.  Coherent backscattering of light by cold atoms , 1999, Conference Digest. 2000 International Quantum Electronics Conference (Cat. No.00TH8504).

[9]  K. Badizadegan,et al.  Fluorescence, reflectance, and light-scattering spectroscopy for evaluating dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus. , 2001, Gastroenterology.

[10]  A. Ishimaru,et al.  Retroreflectance from a dense distribution of spherical particles , 1984 .

[11]  H Radousky,et al.  Deep subsurface imaging in tissues using spectral and polarization filtering. , 2000, Optics express.

[12]  P. B. Cipolloni,et al.  Noninvasive sizing of subcellular organelles with light scattering spectroscopy , 2003 .

[13]  R. Alfano,et al.  Weak localization of photons: contributions from the different scattering pathlengths , 1989, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[14]  Vadim Backman,et al.  Coherent backscattering spectroscopy. , 2004, Optics letters.

[15]  Vadim Backman,et al.  Four-dimensional elastic light-scattering fingerprints as preneoplastic markers in the rat model of colon carcinogenesis. , 2004, Gastroenterology.

[16]  A. Dogariu,et al.  Enhanced backscattering in a converging-beam configuration. , 1996, Optics letters.

[17]  Nirmala Ramanujam,et al.  Autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance properties of malignant and benign breast tissues , 2004, Annals of Surgical Oncology.

[18]  M. Ospeck,et al.  Influence of reflecting boundaries and finite interfacial thickness on the coherent backscattering cone. , 1994, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics.

[19]  Riccardo Sapienza,et al.  Anisotropic weak localization of light. , 2004, Physical review letters.

[20]  N. Lawandy,et al.  Coherent backscattering from high-gain scattering media. , 1996, Optics letters.

[21]  P. Saulnier,et al.  Role of surface reflectivity in coherent backscattering measurements. , 1992, Optics letters.

[22]  Etemad,et al.  Weak localization of photons: Termination of coherent random walks by absorption and confined geometry. , 1987, Physical review letters.

[23]  Wolf,et al.  Coherent backscattering of light by disordered media: Analysis of the peak line shape. , 1986, Physical review letters.

[24]  Tomita,et al.  Influence of finite coherence length of incoming light on enhanced backscattering. , 1991, Physical review. B, Condensed matter.

[25]  L. Roncucci,et al.  Aberrant crypt foci in colorectal carcinogenesis. Cell and crypt dynamics , 2000, Cell proliferation.

[26]  G. Maret,et al.  Optical coherent backscattering by random media : an experimental study , 1988 .

[27]  Changhuei Yang,et al.  Cellular organization and substructure measured using angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry. , 2002, Biophysical journal.

[28]  I J Bigio,et al.  Spectroscopic diagnosis of bladder cancer with elastic light scattering , 1995, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[29]  Vadim Backman,et al.  Low-coherent backscattering spectroscopy for tissue characterization. , 2005, Applied optics.

[30]  Vadim Backman,et al.  Simultaneous measurement of angular and spectral properties of light scattering for characterization of tissue microarchitecture and its alteration in early precancer , 2003 .

[31]  Jun Uozumi,et al.  Enhancement of the backscattered intensity from fractal aggregates , 1992 .

[32]  Rudolf Sprik,et al.  Femtosecond time-resolved measurements of weak localization of light , 1988 .

[33]  D. Chung,et al.  The genetic basis of colorectal cancer: insights into critical pathways of tumorigenesis. , 2000, Gastroenterology.

[34]  Etemad,et al.  Weak localization of photons: Universal fluctuations and ensemble averaging. , 1986, Physical review letters.

[35]  M. I. Mishchenko,et al.  Coherent backscatter and the opposition effect for E-type asteroids , 1993 .

[36]  J. E. Thomas,et al.  Time-resolved phase-space distributions for light backscattered from a disordered medium. , 2000, Physical review letters.

[37]  R Richards-Kortum,et al.  Reflectance spectroscopy with polarized light: is it sensitive to cellular and nuclear morphology. , 1999, Optics express.

[38]  G. C. Tang,et al.  Coherent backscattering of light from biological tissues. , 1990, Applied optics.

[39]  Jessica C Ramella-Roman,et al.  Imaging skin pathology with polarized light. , 2002, Journal of biomedical optics.

[40]  Changhuei Yang,et al.  In situ detection of neoplastic transformation and chemopreventive effects in rat esophagus epithelium using angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry. , 2003, Cancer research.

[41]  Anisotropic Weak Localization of Light: From Isotropic Scattering to Ordered Nematic Liquid Crystals , 2005 .

[42]  S. Shapshay,et al.  Detection of preinvasive cancer cells , 2000, Nature.

[43]  Michael S. Feld,et al.  Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy , 2001, Nature Medicine.

[44]  D. Wiersma,et al.  Coherent Backscattering of Light from Amplifying Random Media. , 1995, Physical review letters.

[45]  Michael B. Wallace,et al.  Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution , 1998 .

[46]  Lagendijk,et al.  Light scattering in strongly scattering media: Multiple scattering and weak localization. , 1988, Physical review. B, Condensed matter.