Functional neural network configuration in late childhood varies by age and cognitive state

Highlights • fMRI data from 60 children aged 9–12 during resting and tasks involving decision making, visual perception, and working memory were examined.• At rest, the child brain exhibited network organization similar to adults though the degree of similarity was age- and network-dependent.• During tasks, brain network configurations showed task-induced and age-related changes in integration.• Frontoparietal network showed flexible connectivity pattern across states while networks for sensory and motor processing remained stable.• Findings demonstrate that network connectivity characteristics may serve as markers for neural and cognitive maturation.