A research of SMG controlled prosthetic hand with SSE2 acceleration

The muscle thickness changes of forearm extensor extracted from ultrasound images have been used to control prosthetic hand in our previous work, but the execution time to calculate the muscle thickness changes is a serious problem. In this study, the sum of absolute difference (SAD) algorithm was used instead of cross-correlation (CC) algorithm to track the muscle deformation. Whatpsilas more, the Streaming SIMD Extensions 2 (SSE2) technique was used to further optimize the SAD algorithm. The results illuminated that the SAD with SSE2 drastically reduced mean 60% execution time comparing with CC algorithm, and the frame rate of 13.48 Hz was greater than the ultrasound sample rate of 12 Hz. So the prosthetic hand could be well controlled in a real-time way by this fast tracking algorithm. This study suggests that the muscle deformation extracted from ultrasound image has the feasibility to control prosthetic hand.

[1]  Qinghua Huang,et al.  Continuous Monitoring of Sonomyography, Electromyography and Torque Generated by Normal Upper Arm Muscles During Isometric Contraction: Sonomyography Assessment for Arm Muscles , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[2]  José González,et al.  Reducing 3D Fast Wavelet Transform Execution Time Using Blocking and the Streaming SIMD Extensions , 2005, J. VLSI Signal Process..

[3]  Jun Shi,et al.  A Pilot Study of The SMG Controlled Prosthesis , 2007, 2007 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering.

[4]  D S Childress,et al.  Cineplasty as a control input for externally powered prosthetic components. , 2001, Journal of rehabilitation research and development.

[5]  Yen-Kuang Chen,et al.  Implementation of H.264 encoder and decoder on personal computers , 2006, J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent..

[6]  Y. Zheng,et al.  Sonomyography: monitoring morphological changes of forearm muscles in actions with the feasibility for the control of powered prosthesis. , 2006, Medical engineering & physics.

[7]  S. Gandevia,et al.  Measurement of muscle contraction with ultrasound imaging , 2003, Muscle & nerve.

[8]  D T Barry,et al.  Acoustic myography as a control signal for an externally powered prosthesis. , 1986, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[9]  J. Fridén,et al.  Functional and clinical significance of skeletal muscle architecture , 2000, Muscle & nerve.

[10]  William Craelius,et al.  The bionic man: restoring mobility. , 2002, Science.