Design and calibration of a 60-GHz personal exposimeter for exposure assessment in specular and diffuse environments

For the first time, a personal exposimeter (PE) for 60 GHz radiation measurements is presented. The PE is designed based on numerical simulations, on-phantom and on-body calibration measurements under specular and diffuse exposure to determine the antenna aperture and measurement uncertainty of the PE. A 95% prediction interval of 6.6 dB is obtained for the PE's response using a combination of three nodes with different polarizations. The response of the PE is in the range of 0.7 to 1.2 for specular and diffuse fields.

[1]  Philippe Besnier,et al.  Experimental Dosimetry in a Mode-Stirred Reverberation Chamber in the 60-GHz Band , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[2]  Philippe Besnier,et al.  Various estimations of composite Q-factor with antennas in a reverberation chamber , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC).

[3]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Safe for Generations to Come: Considerations of Safety for Millimeter Waves in Wireless Communications , 2015, IEEE Microwave Magazine.

[4]  T. Eikelboom,et al.  Personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurements in The Netherlands: exposure level and variability for everyday activities, times of day and types of area. , 2012, Environment international.

[5]  J. Bolte,et al.  Calibration and uncertainties in personal exposure measurements of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields , 2011, Bioelectromagnetics.

[6]  Constantine A. Balanis,et al.  Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design , 1982 .

[7]  G. Bauch,et al.  Room electromagnetics , 2007, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine.

[8]  R. Sauleau,et al.  Broadband Tissue-Equivalent Phantom for BAN Applications at Millimeter Waves , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[9]  Luc Martens,et al.  On‐body calibration and measurements using personal radiofrequency exposimeters in indoor diffuse and specular environments , 2016, Bioelectromagnetics.

[10]  Laurent Le Coq,et al.  Characterization of the Interactions Between a 60-GHz Antenna and the Human Body in an Off-Body Scenario , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[11]  Amir Ahmad Shishegar,et al.  Theoretical and experimental broadband tissue-equivalent phantoms at microwave and millimetre-wave frequencies , 2014 .

[12]  Sam Agneessens,et al.  On-body calibration and processing for a combination of two radio-frequency personal exposimeters. , 2015, Radiation protection dosimetry.

[13]  Sam Agneessens,et al.  On-Body Calibration and Measurements Using a Personal, Distributed Exposimeter for Wireless Fidelity , 2015, Health physics.

[14]  Ronan Sauleau,et al.  Near‐field dosimetry for in vitro exposure of human cells at 60 GHz , 2012, Bioelectromagnetics.

[15]  R. W. Lau,et al.  The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues. , 1996, Physics in medicine and biology.

[16]  J. Herbertz.  Comment on the ICNIRP guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz) , 1998, Health physics.