Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Ecstasy-Induced Neurotoxicity: An Overview

[1]  Renata M. Wentzcovitch,et al.  Effect of the d electrons on phase transitions in transition-metal sesquioxides , 2011, PCM 2011.

[2]  R. Altman,et al.  Cytochrome P450 2D6. , 2009, Pharmacogenetics and genomics.

[3]  Teresa Summavielle,et al.  PRECLINICAL STUDY: Ecstasy‐induced oxidative stress to adolescent rat brain mitochondria in vivo: influence of monoamine oxidase type A , 2009, Addiction biology.

[4]  M. Meyer,et al.  The Role of Human Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Isozymes in the Metabolism of Racemic 3,4-Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine and Its Single Enantiomers , 2009, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

[5]  R. Wyeth,et al.  The hyperthermia mediated by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) is sensitive to sex differences. , 2009, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[6]  N. Ballatori,et al.  Plasma membrane glutathione transporters and their roles in cell physiology and pathophysiology. , 2009, Molecular aspects of medicine.

[7]  E. Fernandes,et al.  Acetyl-l-carnitine provides effective in vivo neuroprotection over 3,4-methylenedioximethamphetamine-induced mitochondrial neurotoxicity in the adolescent rat brain , 2009, Neuroscience.

[8]  V. M. Costa,et al.  Cross-functioning between the extraneuronal monoamine transporter and multidrug resistance protein 1 in the uptake of adrenaline and export of 5-(glutathion-S-yl)adrenaline in rat cardiomyocytes. , 2009, Chemical research in toxicology.

[9]  K. Lesch,et al.  Differential long-term effects of MDMA on the serotoninergic system and hippocampal cell proliferation in 5-HTT knock-out vs. wild-type mice. , 2008, The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology.

[10]  S. Kato,et al.  Risperidone attenuates and reverses hyperthermia induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in rats. , 2008, Neurotoxicology.

[11]  S. Schenk,et al.  Acute and sensitized response to 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rats: different behavioral profiles reflected in different patterns of Fos expression , 2008, The European journal of neuroscience.

[12]  J. Duarte,et al.  Chronic exposure to ethanol exacerbates MDMA-induced hyperthermia and exposes liver to severe MDMA-induced toxicity in CD1 mice. , 2008, Toxicology.

[13]  M. Yliperttula,et al.  Pharmacokinetic role of L-type amino acid transporters LAT1 and LAT2. , 2008, European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.

[14]  H. Galons,et al.  Sprague–Dawley rats display metabolism-mediated sex differences in the acute toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) , 2008 .

[15]  U. McCann,et al.  Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics of (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”) and Its Major Metabolites in Squirrel Monkeys at Plasma Concentrations of MDMA That Develop After Typical Psychoactive Doses , 2008, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[16]  E. Jaehne,et al.  The effect of long-term repeated exposure to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on cardiovascular and thermoregulatory changes , 2008, Psychopharmacology.

[17]  K. Bost,et al.  Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) limits murine gammaherpesvirus-68 induced monokine expression , 2008, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity.

[18]  Marilyn A Huestis,et al.  Physiological and Subjective Responses to Controlled Oral 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration , 2008, Journal of clinical psychopharmacology.

[19]  M. Austin,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine induces differential regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 protein and mRNA levels in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus , 2008, Neuroscience.

[20]  Z. Szabo,et al.  Positron emission tomographic studies of brain dopamine and serotonin transporters in abstinent (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”) users: relationship to cognitive performance , 2008, Psychopharmacology.

[21]  U. Dirnagl,et al.  5,7-Dihydroxitryptamine toxicity to serotonergic neurons in serum free raphe cultures. , 2008, European journal of pharmacology.

[22]  Olga Valverde,et al.  CB1Cannabinoid Receptor Modulates 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Acute Responses and Reinforcement , 2008, Biological Psychiatry.

[23]  J. Camarasa,et al.  Memantine protects against amphetamine derivatives-induced neurotoxic damage in rodents , 2008, Neuropharmacology.

[24]  Koki Ito,et al.  Olanzapine and risperidone block a high dose of methamphetamine-induced schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities and accompanied apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex , 2008, Schizophrenia Research.

[25]  R. Torre,et al.  On the role of tyrosine and peripheral metabolism in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced serotonin neurotoxicity in rats , 2008, Neuropharmacology.

[26]  Natalie D Eddington,et al.  Fluoxetine pretreatment effects pharmacokinetics of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ECSTASY) in rat. , 2008, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[27]  Frederick H. Franken,et al.  Tolerance to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rats exposed to single high-dose binges , 2008, Neuroscience.

[28]  Andrea Caricasole,et al.  Enhanced Tau Phosphorylation in the Hippocampus of Mice Treated with 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”) , 2008, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[29]  P. Robledo,et al.  MDMA modifies active avoidance learning and recall in mice , 2008, European Neuropsychopharmacology.

[30]  T. Monks,et al.  Modulation of Human Multidrug Resistance Protein (MRP) 1 (ABCC1) and MRP2 (ABCC2) Transport Activities by Endogenous and Exogenous Glutathione-Conjugated Catechol Metabolites , 2008, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

[31]  J. Docherty,et al.  Role of α1‐adrenoceptor subtypes in the effects of methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA) on body temperature in the mouse , 2008, British journal of pharmacology.

[32]  K. T. Wakabayashi,et al.  A comparison of the physiological, behavioral, neurochemical and microglial effects of methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in the mouse , 2008, Neuroscience.

[33]  T. Monks,et al.  Accumulation of Neurotoxic Thioether Metabolites of 3,4-(±)-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in Rat Brain , 2008, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[34]  J. Camarasa,et al.  Memantine prevents MDMA-induced neurotoxicity. , 2008, Neurotoxicology.

[35]  U. McCann,et al.  Non-linear Pharmacokinetics of MDMA ( “ Ecstasy ” ) and its Major Metabolites in Squirrel Monkeys at Plasma Concentrations of MDMA that Develop After Typical Psychoactive Doses , 2008 .

[36]  M. Meyer,et al.  The Role of Human Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Isozymes in the Metabolism of Racemic MDMA and its Enantiomers , 2008 .

[37]  M. Iwaki,et al.  Differences in cytochrome P450 and nuclear receptor mRNA levels in liver and small intestines between SD and DA rats. , 2008, Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics.

[38]  H. Schiöth,et al.  Extensive neuroadaptive changes in cortical gene-transcript expressions of the glutamate system in response to repeated intermittent MDMA administration in adolescent rats , 2008, BMC Neuroscience.

[39]  R. Torre,et al.  The relationship between core body temperature and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine metabolism in rats: implications for neurotoxicity , 2008, Psychopharmacology.

[40]  D. Mash,et al.  MDMA self‐administration in rats: acquisition, progressive ratio responding and serotonin transporter binding , 2007, The European journal of neuroscience.

[41]  P. Guiry,et al.  Comparative potencies of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) analogues as inhibitors of [3H]noradrenaline and [3H]5‐HT transport in mammalian cell lines , 2007, British journal of pharmacology.

[42]  R. de la Torre,et al.  Pharmacological Interaction between 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) and Paroxetine: Pharmacological Effects and Pharmacokinetics , 2007, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[43]  M. Nader,et al.  Ambient Temperature Effects on 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-Induced Thermodysregulation and Pharmacokinetics in Male Monkeys , 2007, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

[44]  E. Fernandes,et al.  Monoamine Oxidase-B Mediates Ecstasy-Induced Neurotoxic Effects to Adolescent Rat Brain Mitochondria , 2007, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[45]  D. Pubill,et al.  Methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine interact with central nicotinic receptors and induce their up-regulation. , 2007, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[46]  Klaus-Peter Lesch,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Self-Administration is Abolished in Serotonin Transporter Knockout Mice , 2007, Biological Psychiatry.

[47]  L. Murri,et al.  DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress in the hippocampal formation: a bridge between 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) intake and long-lasting behavioral alterations , 2007, Behavioural pharmacology.

[48]  M. Delgado,et al.  Mice with Decreased Cerebral Dopamine Function following a Neurotoxic Dose of MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, “Ecstasy”) Exhibit Increased Ethanol Consumption and Preference , 2007, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[49]  R. Rothman,et al.  Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan , 2007, Neuroscience.

[50]  R. Hayes,et al.  Calpain and caspase proteolytic markers co-localize with rat cortical neurons after exposure to methamphetamine and MDMA , 2007, Acta Neuropathologica.

[51]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Oxidation process of adrenaline in freshly isolated rat cardiomyocytes: formation of adrenochrome, quinoproteins, and GSH adduct. , 2007, Chemical research in toxicology.

[52]  E. Fernandes,et al.  Ecstasy induces apoptosis via 5-HT(2A)-receptor stimulation in cortical neurons. , 2007, Neurotoxicology.

[53]  U. Dirnagl,et al.  Neurotoxicity mechanisms of thioether ecstasy metabolites , 2007, Neuroscience.

[54]  V. Vasiliou,et al.  Neurotoxicity and Metabolism of the Catecholamine-Derived 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde: The Role of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase , 2007, Pharmacological Reviews.

[55]  Maarten Koeter,et al.  Cognition in novice ecstasy users with minimal exposure to other drugs: a prospective cohort study. , 2007, Archives of general psychiatry.

[56]  N. Ramsey,et al.  Incidental use of ecstasy: no evidence for harmful effects on cognitive brain function in a prospective fMRI study , 2007, Psychopharmacology.

[57]  M. Palkovits,et al.  Single dose of MDMA causes extensive decrement of serotoninergic fibre density without blockage of the fast axonal transport in Dark Agouti rat brain and spinal cord , 2007, Neuropathology and applied neurobiology.

[58]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Prior Exposure to Chronic Stress and MDMA Potentiates Mesoaccumbens Dopamine Release Mediated by the 5-HT1B Receptor , 2007, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[59]  A. Urios,et al.  Bacterial plate assays and electrochemical methods: an efficient tandem for evaluating the ability of catechol-thioether metabolites of MDMA ("ecstasy") to induce toxic effects through redox-cycling. , 2007, Chemical research in toxicology.

[60]  C. Lay,et al.  Impact of Ambient Temperature on Hyperthermia Induced by (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in Rhesus Macaques , 2007, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[61]  A. Parrott The psychotherapeutic potential of MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine): an evidence-based review , 2007, Psychopharmacology.

[62]  F. Oesch,et al.  CYP2D6 increases toxicity of the designer drug 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA). , 2007, Toxicology.

[63]  L. Coolen,et al.  The effect of amphetamine analogs on cleaved microtubule-associated protein-tau formation in the rat brain , 2007, Neuroscience.

[64]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  The role of temperature, stress, and other factors in the neurotoxicity of the substituted amphetamines 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and fenfluramine , 1995, Molecular Neurobiology.

[65]  E. Fernandes,et al.  Synthesis and cyclic voltammetry studies of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) human metabolites , 2007 .

[66]  L. Johnston,et al.  Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2017: Volume II, college students and adults ages 19-55 , 2008 .

[67]  U. Dirnagl,et al.  Ecstasy-induced cell death in cortical neuronal cultures is serotonin 2A-receptor-dependent and potentiated under hyperthermia , 2006, Neuroscience.

[68]  Jie Yuan,et al.  Loss of Serotonin Transporter Protein after MDMA and Other Ring-Substituted Amphetamines , 2006, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[69]  F. Oesch,et al.  Influence of CYP2D6 polymorphism on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘Ecstasy’) cytotoxicity , 2006, Pharmacogenetics and genomics.

[70]  M. Colado,et al.  Binge ethanol administration enhances the MDMA-induced long-term 5-HT neurotoxicity in rat brain , 2006, Psychopharmacology.

[71]  M. Tancer,et al.  The effects of fluoxetine on the subjective and physiological effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in humans , 2006, Psychopharmacology.

[72]  C. Lay,et al.  Effects of (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, (±)3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and methamphetamine on temperature and activity in rhesus macaques , 2006, Neuroscience.

[73]  Allison G. Dempsey,et al.  Interaction of Amphetamines and Related Compounds at the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter , 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[74]  J. Canales,et al.  Binge administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”) impairs the survival of neural precursors in adult rat dentate gyrus , 2006, Neuropharmacology.

[75]  Q. D. Walker,et al.  Sex differences in the neurochemical and functional effects of MDMA in Sprague–Dawley rats , 2006, Psychopharmacology.

[76]  R. Freudenmann,et al.  The origin of MDMA (ecstasy) revisited: the true story reconstructed from the original documents. , 2006, Addiction.

[77]  B. Sahakian,et al.  The effect of polymorphism at the serotonin transporter gene on decision-making, memory and executive function in ecstasy users and controls , 2006, Psychopharmacology.

[78]  F. Fornai,et al.  MDMA Induces Caspase‐3 Activation in the Limbic System but not in Striatum , 2006, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[79]  C. Adori,et al.  Damage of serotonergic axons and immunolocalization of Hsp27, Hsp72, and Hsp90 molecular chaperones after a single dose of MDMA administration in Dark Agouti rat: Temporal, spatial, and cellular patterns , 2006, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[80]  J. Koprich,et al.  MDMA administration to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats results in its passage to the fetal compartment. , 2006, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[81]  V. Sánchez,et al.  MDMA‐induced neurotoxicity: long‐term effects on 5‐HT biosynthesis and the influence of ambient temperature , 2006, British journal of pharmacology.

[82]  I. Singh,et al.  Pharmacological strategies for the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase: Neurodegenerative versus neuroprotective mechanisms , 2006, Neurochemistry International.

[83]  R. Rogers,et al.  Elevated Impulsivity and Impaired Decision-Making in Abstinent Ecstasy (MDMA) Users Compared to Polydrug and Drug-Naïve Controls , 2006, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[84]  C. Vorhees,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in Adult Rats Produces Deficits in Path Integration and Spatial Reference Memory , 2006, Biological Psychiatry.

[85]  J A Henry,et al.  Acute toxic effects of 'Ecstasy' (MDMA) and related compounds: overview of pathophysiology and clinical management. , 2006, British journal of anaesthesia.

[86]  C. Lay,et al.  Hyperthermia induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in unrestrained rhesus monkeys. , 2006, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[87]  F. Jessen,et al.  Memory deficits in abstinent MDMA (ecstasy) users: neuropsychological evidence of frontal dysfunction , 2006, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[88]  K. Aitchison,et al.  Vasopressin and oxytocin secretion in response to the consumption of ecstasy in a clubbing population , 2006, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[89]  A. Hazell,et al.  Excitotoxic mechanisms and the role of astrocytic glutamate transporters in traumatic brain injury , 2006, Neurochemistry International.

[90]  J. Docherty,et al.  Effects of MDMA, MDA and MDEA on blood pressure, heart rate, locomotor activity and body temperature in the rat involve α‐adrenoceptors , 2006, British journal of pharmacology.

[91]  Michael H. Baumann,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity in rats: a reappraisal of past and present findings , 2006, Psychopharmacology.

[92]  C. Vorhees,et al.  Neonatal 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) exposure alters neuronal protein kinase A activity, serotonin and dopamine content, and [35S]GTPγS binding in adult rats , 2006, Brain Research.

[93]  H. Gu,et al.  Comparison of the monoamine transporters from human and mouse in their sensitivities to psychostimulant drugs , 2006, BMC pharmacology.

[94]  R. Buchert,et al.  Mood, cognition and serotonin transporter availability in current and former ecstasy (MDMA) users: the longitudinal perspective , 2006, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[95]  C. Marsden,et al.  Ecstasy: Are animal data consistent between species and can they translate to humans? , 2006, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[96]  W. van den Brink,et al.  Ecstasy use and self-reported depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking: a prospective cohort study , 2006, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[97]  K. Kitaichi,et al.  Methamphetamine-induced Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity Is Regulated by Quinone Formation-related Molecules Materials and Methods , 2022 .

[98]  F. Wan,et al.  Effects of α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine on hydroxyl radical formation and dopamine depletion in the rat striatum produced by d-amphetamine , 2006, European Neuropsychopharmacology.

[99]  U. McCann,et al.  Pharmacokinetic Profile of Single and Repeated Oral Doses of MDMA in Squirrel Monkeys: Relationship to Lasting Effects on Brain Serotonin Neurons , 2006, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[100]  Jason M. White,et al.  Plasma Drug Concentrations and Physiological Measures in ‘Dance Party’ Participants , 2006, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[101]  B. O’Neill,et al.  Caffeine promotes hyperthermia and serotonergic loss following co-administration of the substituted amphetamines, MDMA (“Ecstasy”) and MDA (“Love”) , 2006, Neuropharmacology.

[102]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  L-Tyrosine Contributes to (+)-3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-Induced Serotonin Depletions , 2006, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[103]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Neurotoxicity of Ecstasy Metabolites in Rat Cortical Neurons, and Influence of Hyperthermia , 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[104]  宮崎 育子 Methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity is regulated by quinone formation-related molecules , 2006 .

[105]  Syed F. Ali,et al.  Role of nitrergic system in behavioral and neurotoxic effects of amphetamine analogs. , 2006, Pharmacology & therapeutics.

[106]  V. Sánchez,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine increases pro-interleukin-1β production and caspase-1 protease activity in frontal cortex, but not in hypothalamus, of Dark Agouti rats: Role of interleukin-1β in neurotoxicity , 2005, Neuroscience.

[107]  J. Foster,et al.  Psychoactive Substrates Stimulate Dopamine Transporter Phosphorylation and Down-regulation by Cocaine-sensitive and Protein Kinase C-dependent Mechanisms* , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[108]  B. Goñi-Allo,et al.  Administration of SCH 23390 into the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Blocks the Expression of MDMA-Induced Behavioral Sensitization in Rats: An Effect Mediated by 5-HT2C Receptor Stimulation and not by D1 Receptor Blockade , 2005, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[109]  I. Kunz Acute medical problems due to Ecstasy use , 2005, Swiss Medical Weekly.

[110]  M. Liechti,et al.  Acute medical problems due to Ecstasy use. Case-series of emergency department visits. , 2005, Swiss medical weekly.

[111]  M. Tancer,et al.  Thermoregulatory effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in humans , 2005, Psychopharmacology.

[112]  M. Morales,et al.  (±)-3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration to Rats Does Not Decrease Levels of the Serotonin Transporter Protein or Alter Its Distribution between Endosomes and the Plasma Membrane , 2005, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[113]  J. Docherty,et al.  Role of α2A‐adrenoceptors in the effects of MDMA on body temperature in the mouse , 2005, British journal of pharmacology.

[114]  M. Colado,et al.  Studies on the effect of MDMA (‘ecstasy’) on the body temperature of rats housed at different ambient room temperatures , 2005, British journal of pharmacology.

[115]  Zsolt Szabo,et al.  Quantitative PET Studies of the Serotonin Transporter in MDMA Users and Controls Using [11C]McN5652 and [11C]DASB , 2005, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[116]  C. Vorhees,et al.  Learning and memory after neonatal exposure to 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) in rats: Interaction with exposure in adulthood , 2005, Synapse.

[117]  B. Piper,et al.  Repeated MDMA ("Ecstasy") exposure in adolescent male rats alters temperature regulation, spontaneous motor activity, attention, and serotonin transporter binding. , 2005, Developmental psychobiology.

[118]  R. de la Torre,et al.  MDMA (ecstasy) pharmacokinetics in a CYP2D6 poor metaboliser and in nine CYP2D6 extensive metabolisers , 2005, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[119]  C. Riegert,et al.  MDMA (ecstasy) effects in pubescent rats: Males are more sensitive than females , 2005, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[120]  K. Lesch,et al.  Pharmacogenetics of the serotonin transporter , 2005, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[121]  V. Sánchez,et al.  Elevation of Ambient Room Temperature has Differential Effects on MDMA-Induced 5-HT and Dopamine Release in Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens of Rats , 2005, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[122]  J. Woods,et al.  Serotonin synthesis inhibition reveals distinct mechanisms of action for MDMA and its enantiomers in the mouse , 2005, Psychopharmacology.

[123]  I. McGregor,et al.  Serotonin (1A) receptor involvement in acute 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) facilitation of social interaction in the rat , 2005, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[124]  D. Goldstein,et al.  Carvedilol reverses hyperthermia and attenuates rhabdomyolysis induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) in an animal model* , 2005, Critical care medicine.

[125]  B. Sessa Can psychedelics have a role in psychiatry once again? , 2005, The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science.

[126]  R. Blakely,et al.  Evidence for Biphasic Effects of Protein Kinase C on Serotonin Transporter Function, Endocytosis, and Phosphorylation , 2005, Molecular Pharmacology.

[127]  Sheng Li,et al.  Identification of Stereoselective Transporters for S-Nitroso-L-cysteine , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[128]  M. Nader,et al.  A comparison of the reinforcing efficacy of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") with cocaine in rhesus monkeys. , 2005, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[129]  D. Matsuzawa,et al.  A functional glutathione S‐transferase P1 gene polymorphism is associated with methamphetamine‐induced psychosis in Japanese population , 2005, American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics.

[130]  R. de la Torre,et al.  Serotonergic Neurotoxic Metabolites of Ecstasy Identified in Rat Brain , 2005, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[131]  C. Vorhees,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine administration on postnatal day 11 in rats increases pituitary–adrenal output and reduces striatal and hippocampal serotonin without altering SERT activity , 2005, Brain Research.

[132]  B. Blough,et al.  N-Substituted Piperazines Abused by Humans Mimic the Molecular Mechanism of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, or ‘Ecstasy’) , 2005, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[133]  Jonathan A Javitch,et al.  Amphetamine induces dopamine efflux through a dopamine transporter channel. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[134]  B. Sahakian,et al.  Association of a functional polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene with abnormal emotional processing in ecstasy users. , 2005, The American journal of psychiatry.

[135]  D. Guilloteau,et al.  Prenatal 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) exposure induces long-term alterations in the dopaminergic and serotonergic functions in the rat. , 2005, Brain research. Developmental brain research.

[136]  A. S. Darvesh,et al.  Evidence for the Involvement of Nitric Oxide in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-Induced Serotonin Depletion in the Rat Brain , 2005, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[137]  J. Morton,et al.  Ecstasy: pharmacology and neurotoxicity. , 2005, Current opinion in pharmacology.

[138]  V. Sánchez,et al.  A comparative study on the acute and long‐term effects of MDMA and 3,4‐dihydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA) on brain monoamine levels after i.p. or striatal administration in mice , 2005, British journal of pharmacology.

[139]  D. Nichols,et al.  Inhibition of MAO-B protects against MDMA-induced neurotoxicity in the striatum , 1995, Psychopharmacology.

[140]  M. Farré,et al.  Contribution of Cytochrome P450 2D6 to 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Disposition in Humans , 2005, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[141]  G. Gudelsky Effect of ascorbate and cysteine on the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced depletion of brain serotonin , 2005, Journal of Neural Transmission.

[142]  K. Heekeren,et al.  Memory-related hippocampal dysfunction in poly-drug ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) users , 2005, Psychopharmacology.

[143]  J. Kellerth,et al.  Sensory neuroprotection, mitochondrial preservation, and therapeutic potential of n-acetyl-cysteine after nerve injury , 2004, Neuroscience.

[144]  K. Noguchi,et al.  The neurotoxic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine on serotonin, dopamine, and GABA-ergic terminals: an in-vitro autoradiographic study in rats. , 2004, Neurotoxicology.

[145]  B. Piper,et al.  Memory deficit and reduced anxiety in young adult rats given repeated intermittent MDMA treatment during the periadolescent period , 2004, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[146]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Metabolism of the designer drug 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) in mice, after acute administration. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[147]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Leucoisoprenochrome-o-semiquinone formation in freshly isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes. , 2004, Chemical research in toxicology.

[148]  C. Vorhees,et al.  Absorption and clearance of +/-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine from the plasma of neonatal rats. , 2004, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[149]  G. Tucker,et al.  MECHANISM-BASED INACTIVATION OF CYP2D6 BY METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE , 2004, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

[150]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Serotonin–GABA interactions modulate MDMA‐induced mesolimbic dopamine release , 2004, Journal of neurochemistry.

[151]  G K L Butler,et al.  Impulsivity, risk taking and recreational 'ecstasy' (MDMA) use. , 2004, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[152]  R. de la Torre,et al.  Neurotoxicity of MDMA (ecstasy): the limitations of scaling from animals to humans. , 2004, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[153]  G. Lazzeri,et al.  Effects of Repeated Low Doses of MDMA on EEG Activity and Fluoro‐Jade B Histochemistry , 2004, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[154]  Syed F. Ali,et al.  Differential Response of nNOS Knockout Mice to MDMA (“Ecstasy”)‐ and Methamphetamine‐Induced Psychomotor Sensitization and Neurotoxicity , 2004, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[155]  T. Monks,et al.  Thioether Metabolites of 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Inhibit Human Serotonin Transporter (hSERT) Function and Simultaneously Stimulate Dopamine Uptake into hSERT-Expressing SK-N-MC Cells , 2004, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[156]  R. Rothman,et al.  3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) administration to rats decreases brain tissue serotonin but not serotonin transporter protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein , 2004, Synapse.

[157]  D. Kuhn,et al.  Microglial activation is a pharmacologically specific marker for the neurotoxic amphetamines , 2004, Neuroscience Letters.

[158]  K. Heekeren,et al.  Neural mechanisms of working memory in ecstasy (MDMA) users who continue or discontinue ecstasy and amphetamine use: Evidence from an 18-month longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study , 2004, Biological Psychiatry.

[159]  V. Sánchez,et al.  Effect of Repeated (‘Binge’) Dosing of MDMA to Rats Housed at Normal and High Temperature on Neurotoxicdamage to Cerebral 5-Ht and Dopamine Neurones , 2004, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[160]  R. de la Torre,et al.  Stereochemical analysis of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and its main metabolites in human samples including the catechol-type metabolite (3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine). , 2004, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

[161]  E. Fernandes,et al.  The toxicity of N-methyl-α-methyldopamine to freshly isolated rat hepatocytes is prevented by ascorbic acid and N-acetylcysteine , 2004 .

[162]  Kenneth M. Johnson,et al.  Neurotoxic effects of MDMA (“ecstasy”) administration to neonatal rats , 2004, International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience.

[163]  E. Nalivaiko,et al.  Spinal 5-HT2A receptors regulate cutaneous sympathetic vasomotor outflow in rabbits and rats; relevance for cutaneous vasoconstriction elicited by MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, “Ecstasy”) and its reversal by clozapine , 2004, Brain Research.

[164]  Ralph Buchert,et al.  A voxel-based PET investigation of the long-term effects of "Ecstasy" consumption on brain serotonin transporters. , 2004, The American journal of psychiatry.

[165]  P. Renshaw,et al.  Functional MRI study of working memory in MDMA users , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[166]  D. Rusyniak,et al.  Attenuation of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy)‐induced rhabdomyolysis with α1‐ plus β3‐adrenoreceptor antagonists , 2004 .

[167]  V. Sánchez,et al.  3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine increases interleukin‐1β levels and activates microglia in rat brain: studies on the relationship with acute hyperthermia and 5‐HT depletion , 2004, Journal of neurochemistry.

[168]  E. Check Psychedelic drugs: The ups and downs of ecstasy , 2004, Nature.

[169]  E. Fernandes,et al.  Metabolism is required for the expression of ecstasy-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro. , 2004, Chemical research in toxicology.

[170]  M. Pallàs,et al.  Neurotoxicity of amphetamine derivatives is mediated by caspase pathway activation in rat cerebellar granule cells. , 2004, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[171]  M. Farré,et al.  Repeated doses administration of MDMA in humans: pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetics , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[172]  T. Connor Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’): a stressor on the immune system , 2004, Immunology.

[173]  T. Monks,et al.  The Role of Metabolism in 3,4-(±)-Methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-(±)-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) toxicity , 2004, Therapeutic drug monitoring.

[174]  H. Sumnall,et al.  The effects of MDMA pretreatment on the behavioural effects of other drugs of abuse in the rat elevated plus-maze test , 2004, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[175]  Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg,et al.  Pharmacogenetics of cytochrome P450 and its applications in drug therapy: the past, present and future. , 2004, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[176]  G. Ricaurte,et al.  Behavioral and Neurochemical Consequences of Long-Term Intravenous Self-Administration of MDMA and Its Enantiomers by Rhesus Monkeys , 2004, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[177]  R. Schwarting,et al.  Acute and long-term consequences of single MDMA administration in relation to individual anxiety levels in the rat , 2004, Behavioural Brain Research.

[178]  K. Fone,et al.  Decreased social behaviour following 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is accompanied by changes in 5-HT2A receptor responsivity , 2004, Neuropharmacology.

[179]  R. Glennon,et al.  Hallucinogenic drug interactions at human brain 5-HT2 receptors: implications for treating LSD-induced hallucinogenesis , 1989, Psychopharmacology.

[180]  M. Farré,et al.  Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Amfetamine and Related Substances , 2004, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[181]  T. Nagatsu Progress in monoamine oxidase (MAO) research in relation to genetic engineering. , 2004, Neurotoxicology.

[182]  F. Biagioni,et al.  DNA damage and ubiquitinated neuronal inclusions in the substantia nigra and striatum of mice following MDMA (ecstasy) , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[183]  P. Skudlarski,et al.  Preliminary evidence of hippocampal dysfunction in adolescent MDMA (“ecstasy”) users: possible relationship to neurotoxic effects , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[184]  M. Colado,et al.  Hyperthermic and neurotoxic effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in guinea pigs , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[185]  R. Dafters,et al.  Contribution of cannabis and MDMA ("ecstasy") to cognitive changes in long-term polydrug users , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[186]  A. Parrott Is ecstasy MDMA? A review of the proportion of ecstasy tablets containing MDMA, their dosage levels, and the changing perceptions of purity , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[187]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  Brain concentrations of d-MDMA are increased after stress , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[188]  J. Koprich,et al.  Neonatal 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) alters dopamine and serotonin neurochemistry and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the forebrain and brainstem of the rat. , 2003, Brain research. Developmental brain research.

[189]  P. Renshaw,et al.  Reduced cortical gray matter density in human MDMA (Ecstasy) users: a voxel-based morphometry study. , 2003, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[190]  G. Wakonigg,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy‘) Serves as a Robust Positive Reinforcer in a Rat Runway Procedure , 2003, Pharmacology.

[191]  T. Finkel,et al.  Pharmacology: Uncoupling the agony from ecstasy , 2003, Nature.

[192]  F. Wappler,et al.  Induction of Malignant Hyperthermia in Susceptible Swine by 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”) , 2003, Anesthesiology.

[193]  G. Hanson,et al.  Impact of psychostimulants on vesicular monoamine transporter function. , 2003, European journal of pharmacology.

[194]  R. Rothman,et al.  Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs. , 2003, European journal of pharmacology.

[195]  M. Tancer,et al.  Reinforcing, subjective, and physiological effects of MDMA in humans: a comparison with d-amphetamine and mCPP. , 2003, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[196]  C. Marsden,et al.  Synthesis, in vitro formation, and behavioural effects of glutathione regioisomers of alpha-methyldopamine with relevance to MDA and MDMA (ecstasy) , 2003, Brain Research.

[197]  G. Lazzeri,et al.  Amphetamines induce ubiquitin-positive inclusions within striatal cells , 2003, Neurological Sciences.

[198]  J. Kordower,et al.  Prenatal 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) alters exploratory behavior, reduces monoamine metabolism, and increases forebrain tyrosine hydroxylase fiber density of juvenile rats. , 2003, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[199]  C. Jurado,et al.  Tissue concentrations of MDMA and its metabolite MDA in three fatal cases of overdose. , 2003, Forensic science international.

[200]  E. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank,et al.  Memory impairment suggests hippocampal dysfunction in abstinent ecstasy users , 2003, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[201]  Y. Ootsuka,et al.  Clozapine Reverses Hyperthermia and Sympathetically Mediated Cutaneous Vasoconstriction Induced by 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) in Rabbits and Rats , 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[202]  Michael Leifheit,et al.  Hippocampal serotonergic damage induced by MDMA (ecstasy): effects on spatial learning , 2003, Physiology & Behavior.

[203]  L. Schmued Demonstration and localization of neuronal degeneration in the rat forebrain following a single exposure to MDMA , 2003, Brain Research.

[204]  John F. Young,et al.  Plasma levels of parent compound and metabolites after doses of either d-fenfluramine or d-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) that produce long-term serotonergic alterations. , 2003, Neurotoxicology.

[205]  R. Rossaint,et al.  [Hyperpyrexia and rhabdomyolysis after ecstasy (MDMA) intoxication]. , 2003, Der Anaesthesist.

[206]  R. Rossaint,et al.  Ausgeprägte Hyperthermie und Rhabdomyolyse nach Ecstasy (MDMA)-Intoxikation , 2003, Der Anaesthesist.

[207]  D. Gittings,et al.  Development, maintenance and temporal pattern of self-administration maintained by ecstasy (MDMA) in rats , 2003, Psychopharmacology.

[208]  K. Bode-Greuel,et al.  Additive neuroprotective effect of Ketanserin and Ipsapirone on the hippocampal damage after transient forebrain ischemia in the Mongolian gerbil , 2003, Neuroscience Letters.

[209]  Mushfiquddin Khan,et al.  N-Acetyl cysteine protects against injury in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia , 2003, Brain Research.

[210]  M. Egan,et al.  Catechol O-methyltransferase val158-met genotype and individual variation in the brain response to amphetamine , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[211]  W. Blessing,et al.  5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptors regulate sympathetic nerves constricting the cutaneous vascular bed in rabbits and rats , 2003, Neuroscience.

[212]  M. Pallàs,et al.  Different glial response to methamphetamine- and methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity , 2003, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.

[213]  H. Sumnall,et al.  Altered states: the clinical effects of Ecstasy. , 2003, Pharmacology & therapeutics.

[214]  M. Banks,et al.  Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis and Sympathetic Nervous System Involvement in Hyperthermia Induced by 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) , 2003, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[215]  C. Meisel,et al.  Implications of pharmacogenetics for individualizing drug treatment and for study design , 2003, Journal of Molecular Medicine.

[216]  K. Fone,et al.  Reduced social interaction following 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine is not associated with enhanced 5-HT2C receptor responsivity , 2003, Neuropharmacology.

[217]  J. Steketee,et al.  Neurotransmitter systems of the medial prefrontal cortex: potential role in sensitization to psychostimulants , 2003, Brain Research Reviews.

[218]  Ralph Buchert,et al.  Long-term effects of "ecstasy" use on serotonin transporters of the brain investigated by PET. , 2003, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[219]  Karen L. Anderson,et al.  Relevance of MDMA ("ecstasy")-induced neurotoxicity to long-lasting psychomotor stimulation in mice , 2003, Psychopharmacology.

[220]  M. Carraway,et al.  Postlipopolysaccharide oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA. , 2003, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[221]  Howard L McLeod,et al.  Pharmacogenomics--drug disposition, drug targets, and side effects. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[222]  A. Daly,et al.  Pharmacogenetics of the major polymorphic metabolizing enzymes , 2003, Fundamental & clinical pharmacology.

[223]  T. Ullrich,et al.  Pharmacological characterization of the effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") and its enantiomers on lethality, core temperature, and locomotor activity in singly housed and crowded mice , 2003, Psychopharmacology.

[224]  L. King The Misuse of Drugs Act , 2003 .

[225]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Synthesis and analysis of aminochromes by HPLC-photodiode array. Adrenochrome evaluation in rat blood. , 2003, Biomedical chromatography : BMC.

[226]  Ulrich M. Zanger,et al.  Cytochrome P450 2D6: overview and update on pharmacology, genetics, biochemistry , 2003, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.

[227]  M. Eichelbaum,et al.  V79 Chinese hamster cells genetically engineered for polymorphic cytochrome P450 2D6 and their predictive value for humans. , 2003, ALTEX.

[228]  J. Miners,et al.  Genetic polymorphisms of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and their functional significance. , 2002, Toxicology.

[229]  H. J. Olverman,et al.  Functional consequences of perinatal exposure to3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rat brain , 2002, British journal of pharmacology.

[230]  Liesbeth Reneman,et al.  Validity of [123I]β‐CIT SPECT in detecting MDMA‐induced serotonergic neurotoxicity , 2002, Synapse.

[231]  A. Kanthasamy,et al.  Unilateral infusion of a dopamine transporter antisense into the substantia nigra protects against MDMA-induced serotonergic deficits in the ipsilateral striatum , 2002, Neuroscience.

[232]  U. Brinkmann,et al.  Modulation of steady‐state kinetics of digoxin by haplotypes of the P‐glycoprotein MDR1 gene , 2002, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[233]  J. Navarro,et al.  Acute and subchronic effects of MDMA (“ecstasy”) on anxiety in male mice tested in the elevated plus-maze , 2002, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[234]  Xiang-Rong Jiang,et al.  Inhibition of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes by a putative aberrant metabolite of serotonin, tryptamine-4,5-dione. , 2002, Chemical research in toxicology.

[235]  K. Varner,et al.  Changes in cardiovascular responsiveness and cardiotoxicity elicited during binge administration of Ecstasy. , 2002, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[236]  P. Morméde,et al.  Influences of the corticotropic axis and sympathetic activity on neurochemical consequences of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) administration in Fischer 344 rats , 2002, The European journal of neuroscience.

[237]  E. Fernandes,et al.  Role of metabolites in MDMA (ecstasy)-induced nephrotoxicity: an in vitro study using rat and human renal proximal tubular cells , 2002, Archives of Toxicology.

[238]  A. Daly,et al.  CYP2D6 deficiency, a factor in ecstasy related deaths? , 2002, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[239]  R. Tyndale,et al.  Reduced (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy") metabolism with cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitors and pharmacogenetic variants in vitro. , 2002, Biochemical pharmacology.

[240]  Syed F. Ali,et al.  Serotonergic Neurotoxicity of MDMA (Ecstasy) in the Developing Rat Brain , 2002, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[241]  D. Nichols,et al.  An antisense oligonucleotide targeted at MAO-B attenuates rat striatal serotonergic neurotoxicity induced by MDMA , 2002, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior.

[242]  F. Fornai,et al.  Striatal Postsynaptic Ultrastructural Alterations Following Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Administration , 2002, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[243]  B. Zhu Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated methylation metabolism of endogenous bioactive catechols and modulation by endobiotics and xenobiotics: importance in pathophysiology and pathogenesis. , 2002, Current drug metabolism.

[244]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Cu2+-induced isoproterenol oxidation into isoprenochrome in adult rat calcium-tolerant cardiomyocytes. , 2002, Chemical research in toxicology.

[245]  B. Sahakian,et al.  Neuropsychological evidence of a relatively selective profile of temporal dysfunction in drug-free MDMA ("ecstasy") polydrug users , 2002, Psychopharmacology.

[246]  T. Ullrich,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") and its stereoisomers as reinforcers in rhesus monkeys: serotonergic involvement , 2002, Psychopharmacology.

[247]  B. Halliwell,et al.  5‐S‐Cysteinyl‐conjugates of catecholamines induce cell damage, extensive DNA base modification and increases in caspase‐3 activity in neurons , 2002, Journal of neurochemistry.

[248]  R. Doblin A Clinical Plan for MDMA (Ecstasy) in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Partnering with the FDA , 2002, Journal of psychoactive drugs.

[249]  S. Kish How strong is the evidence that brain serotonin neurons are damaged in human users of ecstasy? , 2002, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[250]  V. Curran,et al.  Sub-acute effects of MDMA (±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, "ecstasy") on mood: evidence of gender differences , 2002, Psychopharmacology.

[251]  U. McCann,et al.  Effect of depleting vesicular and cytoplasmic dopamine on methylenedioxymethamphetamine neurotoxicity , 2002, Journal of neurochemistry.

[252]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") on body temperature and liver antioxidant status in mice: influence of ambient temperature , 2002, Archives of Toxicology.

[253]  L. Reneman,et al.  The Acute and Chronic Effects of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) on Cortical 5-HT2A Receptors in Rat and Human Brain , 2002, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[254]  M. Carraway,et al.  Rapid mtDNA deletion by oxidants in rat liver mitochondria after hemin exposure. , 2002, Free radical biology & medicine.

[255]  F. Belpaire,et al.  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cytochrome P-450 mediated drug-drug interactions: an update. , 2002, Current drug metabolism.

[256]  M. Colado,et al.  The pharmacology of the acute hyperthermic response that follows administration of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’) to rats , 2002, British journal of pharmacology.

[257]  L. Johnston,et al.  Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2017: Volume I, secondary school students , 2005 .

[258]  J. Swettenham,et al.  Long-term changes in social interaction and reward following repeated MDMA administration to adolescent rats without accompanying serotonergic neurotoxicity , 2002, Psychopharmacology.

[259]  M. Colado,et al.  Effect of GBR 12909 and fluoxetine on the acute and long term changes induced by MDMA (‘ecstasy’) on the 5-HT and dopamine concentrations in mouse brain , 2001, Neuropharmacology.

[260]  R. Weinshilboum,et al.  Human sulfotransferase SULT1C1 pharmacogenetics: gene resequencing and functional genomic studies. , 2001, Pharmacogenetics.

[261]  V. Sánchez,et al.  A study of the mechanisms involved in the neurotoxic action of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’) on dopamine neurones in mouse brain , 2001, British journal of pharmacology.

[262]  Liesbeth Reneman,et al.  Effects of dose, sex, and long-term abstention from use on toxic effects of MDMA (ecstasy) on brain serotonin neurons , 2001, The Lancet.

[263]  Efrain C Azmitia,et al.  Modern views on an ancient chemical: serotonin effects on cell proliferation, maturation, and apoptosis , 2001, Brain Research Bulletin.

[264]  Y. Sugimoto,et al.  Involvement of serotonergic and dopaminergic mechanisms in hyperthermia induced by a serotonin-releasing drug, p-chloroamphetamine in mice. , 2001, European journal of pharmacology.

[265]  R. de la Torre,et al.  Effects of repeated doses of MDMA ("ecstasy") on cell-mediated immune response in humans. , 2001, Life sciences.

[266]  C. Guillemette,et al.  Tobacco carcinogen-detoxifying enzyme UGT1A7 and its association with orolaryngeal cancer risk. , 2001, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[267]  G. Dryhurst,et al.  A putative metabolite of serotonin, tryptamine-4,5-dione, is an irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase: possible relevance to the serotonergic neurotoxicity of methamphetamine. , 2001, Chemical research in toxicology.

[268]  R. de la Torre,et al.  3,4-Dihydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA). A major in vivo 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) metabolite in humans. , 2001, Chemical research in toxicology.

[269]  V. Sánchez,et al.  The mechanisms involved in the long‐lasting neuroprotective effect of fluoxetine against MDMA (‘ecstasy’)‐induced degeneration of 5‐HT nerve endings in rat brain , 2001, British journal of pharmacology.

[270]  R. Tyndale,et al.  Cytochrome P450 2D6.1 and cytochrome P450 2D6.10 differ in catalytic activity for multiple substrates. , 2001, Pharmacogenetics.

[271]  A. Pentney An Exploration of the History and Controversies Surrounding MDMA and MDA , 2001, Journal of psychoactive drugs.

[272]  M. Colado,et al.  A neurotoxic dose of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) to rats results in a long term defect in thermoregulation , 2001, Psychopharmacology.

[273]  N. Nishiyama,et al.  Phospholipase A2 mediates ischemic injury in the hippocampus: a regional difference of neuronal vulnerability , 2001, The European journal of neuroscience.

[274]  P. Anzenbacher,et al.  Cytochromes P450 and metabolism of xenobiotics , 2001, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences CMLS.

[275]  Charles V. Vorhees,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy)-Induced Learning and Memory Impairments Depend on the Age of Exposure during Early Development , 2001, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[276]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Ascorbic acid prevents 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐induced hydroxyl radical formation and the behavioral and neurochemical consequences of the depletion of brain 5‐HT , 2001, Synapse.

[277]  Kevin S. Chen,et al.  Biochemical effects of the monoamine neurotoxins DSP‐4 and MDMA in specific brain regions of MAO‐B‐deficient mice , 2001, Synapse.

[278]  V. Sánchez,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine induces monoamine release, but not toxicity, when administered centrally at a concentration occurring following a peripherally injected neurotoxic dose , 2001, Psychopharmacology.

[279]  F. Vollenweider,et al.  No Difference in Brain Activation During Cognitive Performance Between Ecstasy (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) Users and Control Subjects: A [H215O]-Positron Emission Tomography Study , 2001, Journal of clinical psychopharmacology.

[280]  F. Carvalho,et al.  Is hyperthermia the triggering factor for hepatotoxicity induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy)? An in vitro study using freshly isolated mouse hepatocytes , 2001, Archives of Toxicology.

[281]  K. Rice,et al.  Amphetamine‐type central nervous system stimulants release norepinephrine more potently than they release dopamine and serotonin , 2001, Synapse.

[282]  J. Robinson,et al.  Ecstasy (MDMA): are the psychological problems associated with its use reversed by prolonged abstinence? , 2001, Psychopharmacology.

[283]  Patrick M. O'Malley,et al.  Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings, 2004. , 2003 .

[284]  A. Syvänen,et al.  Pharmacogenetics of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase: Frequency of low activity allele in a Ghanaian population , 2000, Human mutation.

[285]  M Schwab,et al.  Elucidation of the genetic basis of the common 'intermediate metabolizer' phenotype for drug oxidation by CYP2D6. , 2000, Pharmacogenetics.

[286]  F. Vollenweider,et al.  Psychological and Physiological Effects of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) after Pretreatment with the 5-HT2 Antagonist Ketanserin in Healthy Humans , 2000, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[287]  B. Lasheras,et al.  2‐Deoxy‐D‐Glucose Prevents and Nicotinamide Potentiates 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine‐Induced Serotonin Neurotoxicity , 2000, Journal of neurochemistry.

[288]  Diane B Miller,et al.  Restraint as a stressor in mice: Against the dopaminergic neurotoxicity of d-MDMA, low body weight mitigates restraint-induced hypothermia and consequent neuroprotection , 2000, Brain Research.

[289]  J. Kelly,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy) suppresses IL-1β and TNF-α secretion following an in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge , 2000 .

[290]  S. Kish,et al.  Brief Communications Expedited Publication Striatal serotonin is depleted in brain of a human MDMA (Ecstasy) user , 2000 .

[291]  H. Pope,et al.  MDMA ("Ecstasy") abuse and high-risk sexual behaviors among 169 gay and bisexual men. , 2000, The American journal of psychiatry.

[292]  P. O'cain,et al.  Cardiovascular and sympathetic responses and reflex changes elicited by MDMA , 2000, Physiology & Behavior.

[293]  J. Rodgers,et al.  Cognitive performance amongst recreational users of "ecstasy , 2000, Psychopharmacology.

[294]  K. Kreth,et al.  Identification of the human cytochromes P450 involved in the oxidative metabolism of "Ecstasy"-related designer drugs. , 2000, Biochemical pharmacology.

[295]  U. McCann,et al.  (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘Ecstasy’)-Induced Serotonin Neurotoxicity: Studies in Animals , 2000, Neuropsychobiology.

[296]  F. Vollenweider,et al.  The serotonin uptake inhibitor citalopram reduces acute cardiovascular and vegetative effects of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘Ecstasy’) in healthy volunteers , 2000, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[297]  S. Pandey,et al.  Cellular localization of serotonin2A (5HT2A) receptors in the rat brain , 2000, Brain Research Bulletin.

[298]  C. Humpel,et al.  MDMA (‘ecstasy’) enhances basal acetylcholine release in brain slices of the rat striatum , 2000, The European journal of neuroscience.

[299]  F. Peters,et al.  Toxicokinetics and analytical toxicology of amphetamine-derived designer drugs ('Ecstasy'). , 2000, Toxicology letters.

[300]  P. McGuire Long term psychiatric and cognitive effects of MDMA use. , 2000, Toxicology letters.

[301]  R. de la Torre,et al.  Non-linear pharmacokinetics of MDMA ('ecstasy') in humans. , 2000, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[302]  W. van den Brink,et al.  Memory disturbances in ”Ecstasy” users are correlated with an altered brain serotonin neurotransmission , 2000, Psychopharmacology.

[303]  J. Kelly,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy) suppresses IL-1beta and TNF-alpha secretion following an in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge. , 2000, Life sciences.

[304]  K. Nagata,et al.  Pharmacogenetics of sulfotransferase. , 2000, Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology.

[305]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Involvement of the serotonin transporter in the formation of hydroxyl radicals induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1999, European journal of pharmacology.

[306]  E. Connolly,et al.  MDMA toxicity presenting with severe hyperpyrexia: a case report. , 1999, Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine.

[307]  M. Ramírez,et al.  Alpha-lipoic acid prevents 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity. , 1999, Neuroreport.

[308]  T. Monks,et al.  Glutathione and N-acetylcysteine conjugates of alpha-methyldopamine produce serotonergic neurotoxicity: possible role in methylenedioxyamphetamine-mediated neurotoxicity. , 1999, Chemical research in toxicology.

[309]  J. Docherty,et al.  Investigation of the prejunctional α2‐adrenoceptor mediated actions of MDMA in rat atrium and vas deferens , 1999 .

[310]  M. Shankaran,et al.  A neurotoxic regimen of MDMA suppresses behavioral, thermal and neurochemical responses to subsequent MDMA administration , 1999, Psychopharmacology.

[311]  L. Vanderschuren,et al.  A Single Exposure to Amphetamine Is Sufficient to Induce Long-Term Behavioral, Neuroendocrine, and Neurochemical Sensitization in Rats , 1999, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[312]  M. Relling,et al.  Pharmacogenomics: translating functional genomics into rational therapeutics. , 1999, Science.

[313]  S. Gore Fatal uncertainty: death-rate from use of ecstasy or heroin , 1999, The Lancet.

[314]  M. Ingelman-Sundberg,et al.  Polymorphic human cytochrome P450 enzymes: an opportunity for individualized drug treatment. , 1999, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[315]  H. Meltzer The Role of Serotonin in Antipsychotic Drug Action , 1999, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[316]  R. Blakely,et al.  Phosphorylation and sequestration of serotonin transporters differentially modulated by psychostimulants. , 1999, Science.

[317]  Klaus P. Ebmeier,et al.  Reduced in vivo binding to the serotonin transporter in the cerebral cortex of MDMA (‘ecstasy’) users , 1999, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[318]  M. Delaforge,et al.  Inhibitory metabolite complex formation of methylenedioxymethamphetamine with rat and human cytochrome P450. Particular involvement of CYP 2D. , 1999, Environmental toxicology and pharmacology.

[319]  P. Milligan,et al.  Stereospecific analysis and enantiomeric disposition of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) in humans. , 1999, Clinical chemistry.

[320]  G. Ricaurte,et al.  Altered Serotonin Innervation Patterns in the Forebrain of Monkeys Treated with (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Seven Years Previously: Factors Influencing Abnormal Recovery , 1999, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[321]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Mazindol Attenuates the 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine‐Induced Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals and Long‐Term Depletion of Serotonin in the Striatum , 1999, Journal of neurochemistry.

[322]  J. Schlegel,et al.  Amphetamines induce apoptosis and regulation of bcl‐x splice variants in neocortical neurons , 1999, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[323]  D. Thomason,et al.  Impact of genetic polymorphisms of the β2‐adrenergic receptor on albuterol bronchodilator pharmacodynamics , 1999, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[324]  S. Butcher,et al.  Behavioural analysis of the acute and chronic effects of MDMA treatment in the rat , 1999, Psychopharmacology.

[325]  G. Dryhurst,et al.  Tryptamine-4,5-dione, a putative endotoxic metabolite of the superoxide-mediated oxidation of serotonin, is a mitochondrial toxin: possible implications in neurodegenerative brain disorders. , 1999, Chemical research in toxicology.

[326]  U. McCann,et al.  Cognitive performance in (±) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”) users: a controlled study , 1999, Psychopharmacology.

[327]  M. Christie,et al.  The Anxiogenic-Like and Anxiolytic-Like Effects of MDMA on Mice in the Elevated Plus-Maze A Comparison With Amphetamine , 1999, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[328]  S. Yeh N‐tert‐butyl‐alpha‐phenylnitrone protects against 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine‐induced depletion of serotonin in rats , 1999, Synapse.

[329]  M. Schwab,et al.  Fatal MDMA intoxication , 1999, The Lancet.

[330]  M. Colado,et al.  In vivo evidence against clomethiazole being neuroprotective against MDMA (‘ecstasy’)-induced degeneration of rat brain 5-HT nerve terminals by a free radical scavenging mechanism , 1999, Neuropharmacology.

[331]  R. Weinshilboum,et al.  Methylation pharmacogenetics: catechol O-methyltransferase, thiopurine methyltransferase, and histamine N-methyltransferase. , 1999, Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology.

[332]  U. McCann,et al.  Memory impairment in abstinent MDMA ("Ecstasy") users , 1998, Neurology.

[333]  P. Vreken,et al.  Nomenclature for human DPYD alleles. , 1998, Pharmacogenetics.

[334]  M. Shankaran,et al.  Effect of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on Hippocampal Dopamine and Serotonin , 1998, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[335]  A. Lees,et al.  Conjugates of Catecholamines with Cysteine and GSH in Parkinson's Disease: Possible Mechanisms of Formation Involving Reactive Oxygen Species , 1998, Journal of neurochemistry.

[336]  Z. Szabo,et al.  Positron emission tomographic evidence of toxic effect of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) on brain serotonin neurons in human beings , 1998, The Lancet.

[337]  H. Kleiner,et al.  Immunochemical detection of quinol--thioether-derived protein adducts. , 1998, Chemical research in toxicology.

[338]  E. Azmitia,et al.  Characterization of the Translocation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA/Ecstasy) in Synaptosomes: Evidence for a Presynaptic Localization Involving the Serotonin Transporter (SERT) , 1998, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[339]  F. Vollenweider,et al.  Psychological and Cardiovascular Effects and Short-Term Sequelae of MDMA (“Ecstasy”) in MDMA-Naïve Healthy Volunteers , 1998, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[340]  P. Reuter World drug report , 1998 .

[341]  J. del Río,et al.  The role of dopaminergic systems in the perinatal sensitivity to 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in rats. , 1998, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[342]  M. Gill,et al.  MDMA toxicity: no evidence for a major influence of metabolic genotype at CYP2D6 , 1998, Addiction biology.

[343]  R. Dafters,et al.  Persistent loss of thermoregulation in the rat induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “Ecstasy”) but not by fenfluramine , 1998, Psychopharmacology.

[344]  M. Colado,et al.  The relationship between the degree of neurodegeneration of rat brain 5-HT nerve terminals and the dose and frequency of administration of MDMA (`ecstasy') , 1998, Neuropharmacology.

[345]  L. Seiden,et al.  Small Changes in Ambient Temperature Cause Large Changes in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-Induced Serotonin Neurotoxicity and Core Body Temperature in the Rat , 1998, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[346]  M. Forsling,et al.  Low-dose MDMA (“ecstasy”) induces vasopressin secretion , 1998, The Lancet.

[347]  Yiwen Zheng,et al.  Role of brain nitric oxide in (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity in rats 1 Part of the work in this paper has been published as an abstract at 14th Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research, Sept. 1996. 1 , 1998, Brain Research.

[348]  M. Colado,et al.  Role of hyperthermia in the protective action of clomethiazole against MDMA (‘ecstasy’)‐induced neurodegeneration, comparison with the novel NMDA channel blocker AR‐R15896AR , 1998, British journal of pharmacology.

[349]  D E Nichols,et al.  An integrated hypothesis for the serotonergic axonal loss induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1998, Neurotoxicology.

[350]  P. Kalivas,et al.  MDMA Elicits Behavioral and Neurochemical Sensitization in Rats , 1998, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[351]  G. Dryhurst,et al.  Oxidation of serotonin by superoxide radical: implications to neurodegenerative brain disorders. , 1998, Chemical research in toxicology.

[352]  J. del Río,et al.  MDMA ('Ecstasy') enhances 5-HT1A receptor density and 8-OH-DPAT-induced hypothermia: blockade by drugs preventing 5-hydroxytryptamine depletion. , 1998, European journal of pharmacology.

[353]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  Immunohistochemical localization and quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein and synaptosomal-associated protein (mol. wt 25 000) in the ageing hippocampus following administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine , 1998, Neuroscience.

[354]  P. Huang,et al.  Resistance of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice to methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. , 1998, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[355]  M. Ratain,et al.  Genetic predisposition to the metabolism of irinotecan (CPT-11). Role of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase isoform 1A1 in the glucuronidation of its active metabolite (SN-38) in human liver microsomes. , 1998, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[356]  F. Gonzalez,et al.  Molecular basis of the Dark Agouti rat drug oxidation polymorphism: importance of CYP2D1 and CYP2D2. , 1998, Pharmacogenetics.

[357]  R. Blakely,et al.  Phosphorylation and Regulation of Antidepressant-sensitive Serotonin Transporters* , 1998, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[358]  D. Franchini,et al.  Neuroendocrine responses of healthy volunteers to 'techno-music': relationships with personality traits and emotional state. , 1998, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[359]  J. Kelly,et al.  Acute 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA) administration produces a rapid and sustained suppression of immune function in the rat. , 1998, Immunopharmacology.

[360]  M. Ingelman-Sundberg,et al.  Characterization of a human glutathione S-transferase mu cluster containing a duplicated GSTM1 gene that causes ultrarapid enzyme activity. , 1997, Molecular pharmacology.

[361]  D. Kuhn,et al.  Molecular Mechanism of the Inactivation of Tryptophan Hydroxylase by Nitric Oxide: Attack on Critical Sulfhydryls that Spare the Enzyme Iron Center , 1997, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[362]  A. Mallick,et al.  MDMA induced hyperthermia: a survivor with an initial body temperature of 42.9 degrees C. , 1997, Journal of accident & emergency medicine.

[363]  A. Deutch,et al.  Serotonin 5‐HT2A receptors are expressed on pyramidal cells and interneurons in the rat cortex , 1997, Synapse.

[364]  E. Azmitia,et al.  Activation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) by 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Occurs Through the Stimulation of Serotonin Receptors and Transporter , 1997, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[365]  M. M. Taylor,et al.  Assessment of the MDA and MDMA Optical Isomers in a Stimulant-Hallucinogen Discrimination , 1997, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[366]  M. Gobbi,et al.  Carrier‐dependent and Ca2+‐dependent 5‐HT and dopamine release induced by (+)‐amphetamine, 3,4‐methylendioxy‐methamphetamine, p‐chloroamphetamine and (+)‐fenfluramine , 1997, British journal of pharmacology.

[367]  M. Colado,et al.  In vivo evidence for free radical involvement in the degeneration of rat brain 5‐HT following administration of MDMA (‘ecstasy’) and p‐chloroamphetamine but not the degeneration following fenfluramine , 1997, British journal of pharmacology.

[368]  M. Colado,et al.  A study of the neurotoxic effect of MDMA (‘ecstasy’) on 5‐HT neurones in the brains of mothers and neonates following administration of the drug during pregnancy , 1997, British journal of pharmacology.

[369]  E. Sellers,et al.  Interactions of amphetamine analogs with human liver CYP2D6. , 1997, Biochemical pharmacology.

[370]  J. Cocores,et al.  Neuropsychiatric manifestations following the use of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; “Ecstasy”) , 1997, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[371]  J. Kelly,et al.  An appraisal of the pharmacological and toxicological effects of a single oral administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in the rat. , 1997, Pharmacology & toxicology.

[372]  Andrew C. Parrott,et al.  Ecstasy (MDMA) in Recreational Users: Self‐Reported Psychological and Physiological Effects , 1997 .

[373]  J. Buolamwini,et al.  Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Expression in Escherichia coli of Full-length cDNAs of Three Human Glutathione S-Transferase Pi Gene Variants , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[374]  R. T. Miller,et al.  2,5-Bis-(glutathion-S-yl)-alpha-methyldopamine, a putative metabolite of (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, decreases brain serotonin concentrations. , 1997, European journal of pharmacology.

[375]  K. Finnegan,et al.  Nitric oxide and the neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1997, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[376]  J. Brockmöller,et al.  Cytochrome P450 2D6 variants in a Caucasian population: allele frequencies and phenotypic consequences. , 1997, American journal of human genetics.

[377]  J. Buolamwini,et al.  Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Expression in Escherichia coli of Full-length cDNAs of Three Human Glutathione S -Transferase Pi Gene Variants EVIDENCE FOR DIFFERENTIAL CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE ENCODED PROTEINS* , 1997 .

[378]  M. Ingelman-Sundberg,et al.  A novel mutant variant of the CYP2D6 gene (CYP2D6*17) common in a black African population: association with diminished debrisoquine hydroxylase activity. , 2003, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[379]  M. Colado,et al.  The spin trap reagent PBN attenuates degeneration of 5-HT neurones in rat brain induced by p-chloroamphetamine but not fenfluramine , 1996, Neuropharmacology.

[380]  U. McCann,et al.  Adverse Reactions with 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ‘Ecstasy’) , 1996, Drug safety.

[381]  T. Obradović,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced inhibition of neuronal firing in the nucleus accumbens is mediated by both serotonin and dopamine , 1996, Neuroscience.

[382]  L. Seiden,et al.  Co-administration of MDMA with drugs that protect against MDMA neurotoxicity produces different effects on body temperature in the rat. , 1996, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[383]  M Ingelman-Sundberg,et al.  Frequent distribution of ultrarapid metabolizers of debrisoquine in an ethiopian population carrying duplicated and multiduplicated functional CYP2D6 alleles. , 1996, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[384]  G. Dryhurst,et al.  Further insights into the influence of L-cysteine on the oxidation chemistry of dopamine: reaction pathways of potential relevance to Parkinson's disease. , 1996, Chemical research in toxicology.

[385]  R. Weinshilboum,et al.  Human catechol-O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders. , 1996, Pharmacogenetics.

[386]  A. Cho,et al.  Disposition of methylenedioxymethamphetamine and three metabolites in the brains of different rat strains and their possible roles in acute serotonin depletion. , 1996, Biochemical pharmacology.

[387]  B. Burchell,et al.  Genetic variation in bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase gene promoter and Gilbert's syndrome , 1996, The Lancet.

[388]  R. T. Miller,et al.  Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of 5-(glutathion-S-yl)-alpha-methyldopamine on brain dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine concentrations in male Sprague-Dawley rats. , 1996, Chemical research in toxicology.

[389]  J. Richards,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced serotonin deficits are followed by partial recovery over a 52-week period. Part II: Radioligand binding and autoradiography studies. , 1996, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[390]  J. Richards,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced serotonin deficits are followed by partial recovery over a 52-week period. Part I: Synaptosomal uptake and tissue concentrations. , 1996, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[391]  A. Forrest,et al.  Pathology of deaths associated with "ecstasy" and "eve" misuse. , 1996, Journal of clinical pathology.

[392]  G. Gudelsky,et al.  Carrier‐Mediated Release of Serotonin by 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine: Implications for Serotonin‐Dopamine Interactions , 1996, Journal of neurochemistry.

[393]  C. Piantadosi,et al.  Brain Temperature Alters Hydroxyl Radical Production during Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats , 1996, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[394]  J. Kelly,et al.  Some behavioural and neurochemical aspects of subacute (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine administration in rats , 1995, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[395]  C. Wichems,et al.  Release of serotonin induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and other substituted amphetamines in cultured fetal raphe neurons: further evidence for calcium-independent mechanisms of release , 1995, Brain Research.

[396]  W. Slikker,et al.  Age-dependent sensitivity of rats to the long-term effects of the serotonergic neurotoxicant (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) correlates with the magnitude of the MDMA-induced thermal response. , 1995, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[397]  B. Lin,et al.  Detection of Free Radical Activity During Transient Global Ischemia and Recirculation: Effects of Intraischemic Brain Temperature Modulation , 1995, Journal of neurochemistry.

[398]  J. Tenhunen,et al.  Cloning, expression and structure of catechol-O-methyltransferase. , 1995, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[399]  G. Ricaurte,et al.  Reorganization of ascending 5-HT axon projections in animals previously exposed to the recreational drug (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") , 1995, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[400]  M. Colado,et al.  The hyperthermic and neurotoxic effects of ‘Ecstasy’ (MDMA) and 3,4 methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in the Dark Agouti (DA) rat, a model of the CYP2D6 poor metabolizer phenotype , 1995, British journal of pharmacology.

[401]  M. Colado,et al.  The spin trap reagent alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone prevents 'ecstasy'-induced neurodegeneration of 5-hydroxytryptamine neurones. , 1995, European journal of pharmacology.

[402]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Modulation of methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced striatal dopamine release by the interaction between serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the substantia nigra. , 1995, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[403]  E. Azmitia,et al.  3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘Ecstasy’) promotes the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC): requirement of viable serotonin nerve terminals , 1995, Brain Research.

[404]  D. Nichols,et al.  The monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor L-deprenyl protects against 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced lipid peroxidation and long-term serotonergic deficits. , 1995, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[405]  D. Sulzer,et al.  Amphetamine redistributes dopamine from synaptic vesicles to the cytosol and promotes reverse transport , 1995, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[406]  H. Keino,et al.  Analysis of genes for bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in Gilbert's syndrome , 1995, The Lancet.

[407]  I. Ulmanen,et al.  Kinetics of human soluble and membrane-bound catechol O-methyltransferase: a revised mechanism and description of the thermolabile variant of the enzyme. , 1995, Biochemistry.

[408]  J. B. Appel,et al.  Assessment of the discriminative stimulus effects of the optical isomers of ecstasy (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MDMA) , 1995, Behavioural pharmacology.

[409]  G. Dryhurst,et al.  Hydroxyl Radical‐Mediated Oxidation of Serotonin: Potential Insights into the Neurotoxicity of Methamphetamine , 1995, Journal of neurochemistry.

[410]  L. Seiden,et al.  Role of hypothermia in the mechanism of protection against serotonergic toxicity. I. Experiments using 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, dizocilpine, CGS 19755 and NBQX. , 1995, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[411]  M. Pende,et al.  Does GFAP mRNA and mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor binding detect serotonergic neuronal degeneration in rat? , 1994, Brain Research Bulletin.

[412]  A. R. Green,et al.  Chlormethiazole, dizocilpine and haloperidol prevent the degeneration of serotonergic nerve terminals induced by administration of MDMA (‘Ecstasy’) to rats , 1994, Neuropharmacology.

[413]  J. Fitzgerald,et al.  Sympathomimetic Actions of Methylenedioxymethamphetamine in Rat and Rabbit Isolated Cardiovascular Tissues , 1994, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[414]  M. Ingelman-Sundberg,et al.  Genetic analysis of the Chinese cytochrome P4502D locus: characterization of variant CYP2D6 genes present in subjects with diminished capacity for debrisoquine hydroxylation. , 1994, Molecular pharmacology.

[415]  P. Duffy,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine depresses glutamate-evoked neuronal firing and increases extracellular levels of dopamine and serotonin in the nucleus accumbens in vivo , 1994, Neuroscience.

[416]  D. E. Nichols,et al.  Effect of the R(−) and S(+) isomers of MDA and MDMA on phosphotidyl inositol turnover in cultured cells expressing 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptors , 1994, Neuroscience Letters.

[417]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  Environment-, drug- and stress-induced alterations in body temperature affect the neurotoxicity of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[418]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  Neurotoxicity profiles of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[419]  L. Fogelson,et al.  Metabolic and thermoregulatory responses of the rat maintained in acrylic or wire-screen cages: Implications for pharmacological studies , 1994, Physiology & Behavior.

[420]  W. Evans,et al.  Ethnic differences in erythrocyte catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in black and white Americans. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[421]  E. Azmitia,et al.  MDMA (Ecstasy) Inhibition of MAO Type A and Type B: Comparisons with Fenfluramine and Fluoxetine (Prozac) , 1994, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[422]  R. Seymour E for Ecstasy , 1994 .

[423]  H. Bolt,et al.  Human glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT1): cDNA cloning and the characterization of a genetic polymorphism. , 1994, The Biochemical journal.

[424]  Y. Shaham,et al.  Serotonin Neurotoxicity after (±)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; “Ecstasy”): A Controlled Study in Humans , 1994, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[425]  G. Tucker,et al.  The demethylenation of methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") by debrisoquine hydroxylase (CYP2D6). , 1994, Biochemical pharmacology.

[426]  A. Logan,et al.  Survival following ‘Ecstasy’ ingestion with a peak temperature of 42°C , 1993 .

[427]  A. Logan,et al.  Survival following 'Ecstasy' ingestion with a peak temperature of 42 degrees C. , 1993, Anaesthesia.

[428]  W. Streit,et al.  Loss of serotonin uptake sites and immunoreactivity in rat cortex after dexfenfluramine occur without parallel glial cell reactions , 1993, Brain Research.

[429]  G. Hanson,et al.  Effects of ritanserin on the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced decrease in striatal serotonin concentration and on the increase in striatal neurotensin and dynorphin A concentrations. , 1993, Biochemical pharmacology.

[430]  R. Foltz,et al.  Stereoselective disposition: enantioselective quantitation of 3,4-(methylenedioxy) methamphetamine and three of its metabolites by gas chromatography/electron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. , 1993, Biological mass spectrometry.

[431]  G. Hanson,et al.  Short-term effects of 2,4,5-trihydroxyamphetamine, 2,4,5-trihydroxymethamphetamine and 3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine on central tryptophan hydroxylase activity. , 1993, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[432]  J L Katz,et al.  Serotonergic recovery after (+/-)3,4-(methylenedioxy) methamphetamine injury: observations in rats. , 1993, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[433]  W. Slikker,et al.  Oral administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces selective serotonergic depletion in the nonhuman primate. , 1993, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[434]  M. Colado,et al.  5‐HT loss in rat brain following 3, 4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), p‐chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine administration and effects of chlormethiazole and dizocilpine , 1993, British journal of pharmacology.

[435]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  Mapping toxicant-induced nervous system damage with a cupric silver stain: a quantitative analysis of neural degeneration induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1993, NIDA research monograph.

[436]  M. W. Anders,et al.  Brain uptake of S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)glutathione and S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine, the glutathione and cysteine S-conjugates of the neurotoxin dichloroacetylene. , 1993, Brain research. Molecular brain research.

[437]  L. Seiden,et al.  The N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist MK-801 protects against serotonin depletions induced by methamphetamine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and p-chloroamphetamine , 1992, Brain Research.

[438]  J. Ricker,et al.  Discriminative stimulus effects of the optical isomers of 3,4‐methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) , 1992, Behavioural pharmacology.

[439]  A. Bindoli,et al.  Biochemical and toxicological properties of the oxidation products of catecholamines. , 1992, Free radical biology & medicine.

[440]  J. Henry Ecstasy and the dance of death. , 1992, BMJ.

[441]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Methamphetamine neurotoxicity and striatal glutamate release: comparison to 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine , 1992, Brain Research.

[442]  E. Azmitia,et al.  The substituted amphetamines 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methamphetamine, p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine induce 5-hydroxytryptamine release via a common mechanism blocked by fluoxetine and cocaine. , 1992, European journal of pharmacology.

[443]  G. Ricaurte,et al.  Lasting effects of (+-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on central serotonergic neurons in nonhuman primates: neurochemical observations. , 1992, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[444]  G. Hanson,et al.  Effect of flunarizine and nimodipine on the decrease in tryptophan hydroxylase activity induced by methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1992, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[445]  P. G. Wells,et al.  Decreased glucuronidation and increased bioactivation of acetaminophen in Gilbert's syndrome. , 1992, Gastroenterology.

[446]  K. Cunningham,et al.  Lack of serotonin neurotoxicity after intraraphe microinjection of (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) , 1992, Brain Research Bulletin.

[447]  C. Hyde,et al.  ‘Ecstasy’ Psychosis and Flashbacks , 1991, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[448]  T. Aoyama,et al.  Identification of a new variant CYP2D6 allele lacking the codon encoding Lys-281: possible association with the poor metabolizer phenotype. , 1991, Pharmacogenetics.

[449]  S. Yeh,et al.  The neurochemical and stimulatory effects of putative metabolites of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rats , 1991, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[450]  U. McCann,et al.  Major metabolites of(±)3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) do not mediate its toxic effects on brain serotonin neurons , 1991, Brain Research.

[451]  J. O'Callaghan,et al.  Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on autonomic thermoregulatory responses of the rat , 1991, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[452]  C. J. Schmidt,et al.  Selective 5-hydroxytryptamine2 receptor antagonists protect against the neurotoxicity of methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rats. , 1990, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[453]  R. Poland Diminished corticotropin and enhanced prolactin responses to 8-hydroxy-2(DI-n-propylamino)tetralin in methylenedioxymethamphetamine pretreated rats , 1990, Neuropharmacology.

[454]  M. Wilson,et al.  Neurotoxicity of MDMA and Related Compounds: Anatomic Studies a , 1990, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[455]  A. Cho,et al.  Metabolism of methylenedioxymethamphetamine: formation of dihydroxymethamphetamine and a quinone identified as its glutathione adduct. , 1990, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[456]  C. J. Schmidt,et al.  Antagonism of the neurotoxicity due to a single administration of methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1990, European journal of pharmacology.

[457]  C. J. Schmidt,et al.  Reversal of the acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine by 5-HT uptake inhibitors. , 1990, European journal of pharmacology.

[458]  E. Azmitia,et al.  MDMA (ecstasy) effects on cultured serotonergic neurons: evidence for Ca2+-dependent toxicity linked to release , 1990, Brain Research.

[459]  B. Freeman,et al.  Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide. , 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[460]  T. Insel,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") selectively destroys brain serotonin terminals in rhesus monkeys. , 1989, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[461]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  Acute and subchronic effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine [(±)MDMA] on locomotion and serotonin syndrome behavior in the rat , 1989, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[462]  G. Hanson,et al.  Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites. , 1989, European journal of pharmacology.

[463]  W. Pearson,et al.  Hereditary differences in the expression of the human glutathione transferase active on trans-stilbene oxide are due to a gene deletion. , 1988, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[464]  G. Hanson,et al.  Role of endogenous dopamine in the central serotonergic deficits induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1988, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[465]  J. B. Appel,et al.  Differences in the stimulus properties of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine in animals trained to discriminate hallucinogens from saline. , 1988, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[466]  G. Battaglia,et al.  Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) cause selective ablation of serotonergic axon terminals in forebrain: immunocytochemical evidence for neurotoxicity , 1988, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[467]  W. Slikker,et al.  Neurochemical and neurohistological alterations in the rat and monkey produced by orally administered methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). , 1988, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[468]  M. Wilson,et al.  (+/-)3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine selectively damages central serotonergic neurons in nonhuman primates. , 1988, JAMA.

[469]  H. Meltzer,et al.  Elevation of serum prolactin and corticosterone concentrations in the rat after the administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1988, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[470]  E. D. De Souza,et al.  Pharmacologic profile of MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) at various brain recognition sites. , 1988, European journal of pharmacology.

[471]  J. Langston,et al.  Toxic effects of MDMA on central serotonergic neurons in the primate: importance of route and frequency of drug administration , 1988, Brain Research.

[472]  B. Yamamoto,et al.  The acute effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine on dopamine release in the awake-behaving rat. , 1988, European journal of pharmacology.

[473]  G. Hanson,et al.  Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine isomers on central serotonergic, dopaminergic and nigral neurotensin systems of the rat. , 1988, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[474]  G. Battaglia,et al.  MDMA-induced neurotoxicity: Parameters of degeneration and recovery of brain serotonin neurons , 1988, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[475]  C. J. Schmidt,et al.  Depression of rat brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity following the acute administration of methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1987, Biochemical pharmacology.

[476]  G. Hanson,et al.  Differences in the central serotonergic effects of Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in mice and rats , 1987, Neuropharmacology.

[477]  E. D. De Souza,et al.  3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine destroy serotonin terminals in rat brain: quantification of neurodegeneration by measurement of [3H]paroxetine-labeled serotonin uptake sites. , 1987, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[478]  L S Seiden,et al.  Biochemical and histological evidence that methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA) is toxic to neurons in the rat brain. , 1987, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[479]  W. Lovenberg,et al.  In vitro and in vivo neurochemical effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine on striatal monoaminergic systems in the rat brain. , 1987, Biochemical pharmacology.

[480]  G. Hanson,et al.  A comparison of the neurotoxic potential of methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and its N-methylated and N-ethylated derivatives. , 1987, European journal of pharmacology.

[481]  C. J. Schmidt,et al.  Neurotoxicity of the psychedelic amphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine. , 1987, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[482]  M. P. Johnson,et al.  Effects of the enantiomers of MDA, MDMA and related analogues on [3H]serotonin and [3H]dopamine release from superfused rat brain slices. , 1986, European journal of pharmacology.

[483]  G. Hanson,et al.  The effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) on monoaminergic systems in the rat brain. , 1986, European journal of pharmacology.

[484]  J. Bakalar,et al.  Can drugs be used to enhance the psychotherapeutic process? , 1986, American journal of psychotherapy.

[485]  W. Lovenberg,et al.  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine: a potentially neurotoxic amphetamine analogue. , 1986, European journal of pharmacology.

[486]  R. Strassman,et al.  Information on "Ecstasy". , 2006, The American journal of psychiatry.

[487]  L. Seiden,et al.  Hallucinogenic amphetamine selectively destroys brain serotonin nerve terminals. , 1985, Science.

[488]  K. Tipton,et al.  Deamination of 5‐Hydroxytryptamine by Both Forms of Monoamine Oxidase in the Rat Brain , 1982, Journal of neurochemistry.

[489]  T. Alexander,et al.  CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE NEW PSYCHOTOMIMETICS , 1978 .

[490]  A. Björklund,et al.  Neurotoxic indoleamines and monoamine neurons. , 1976, Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology.