Enabling resilient distributed power sharing in networked microgrids through software defined networking

Networked Microgrids (NMGs) offer a new, more resilient alternative to traditional individual Microgrids (MGs). Even though networking existing microgrids presents clear advantages, the scalable and resilient communication and control infrastructure necessary for supporting this innovation does not yet exist. This paper addresses this challenge by developing a Software-Defined Networking (SDN) enabled architecture that can achieve fast power support among microgrids, transforming isolated local microgrids into integrated NMGs capable of achieving the desired resiliency, elasticity and efficiency. Equipped with a novel event-triggered communication scheme, the SDN-based architecture enables distributed power sharing among microgrids in both the transient period and the steady state, a capability that is unattainable using existing technologies. Extensive experiments on a cyber-physical Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) NMGs testbed have validated the effectiveness and efficiency of the SDN-enabled distributed power sharing method.

[1]  Peng Kou,et al.  Distributed EMPC of multiple microgrids for coordinated stochastic energy management , 2017 .

[2]  Xiaofeng Wang,et al.  Event-Triggering in Distributed Networked Control Systems , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.

[3]  Xiongwen Zhang,et al.  A feasibility study of microgrids for reducing energy use and GHG emissions in an industrial application , 2016 .

[4]  Pavol Cerný,et al.  Event-driven network programming , 2015, PLDI.

[5]  Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez,et al.  Multi-Attribute Partitioning of Power Networks Based on Electrical Distance , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[6]  Chengshan Wang,et al.  Inverse Power Factor Droop Control for Decentralized Power Sharing in Series-Connected-Microconverters-Based Islanding Microgrids , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Droop-Controlled AC and DC Microgrids—A General Approach Toward Standardization , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[8]  Yifei Yuan,et al.  Scenario-based programming for SDN policies , 2015, CoNEXT.

[9]  Qian Ai,et al.  Interactive energy management of networked microgrids-based active distribution system considering large-scale integration of renewable energy resources , 2016 .

[10]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Small-Signal Analysis of the Microgrid Secondary Control Considering a Communication Time Delay , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[11]  Arindam Ghosh,et al.  Autonomous operation of multiple interconnected microgrids with self-healing capability , 2013, 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[12]  Chi-Keung Woo,et al.  Microgrid and renewable generation integration: University of California, San Diego , 2016 .

[13]  Santiago Grijalva,et al.  A Structure-Preserving Model and Sufficient Condition for Frequency Synchronization of Lossless Droop Inverter-Based AC Networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[14]  Jianhui Wang,et al.  Coordinated dispatch in multiple cooperative autonomous islanded microgrids , 2016 .

[15]  Seddik Bacha,et al.  Design of Robust Distributed Control for Interconnected Microgrids , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[16]  Frank Dürr,et al.  Tutorial: event-based systems meet software-defined networking , 2013, DEBS.

[17]  Robert Lasseter,et al.  Smart Distribution: Coupled Microgrids , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[18]  Chongbo Sun,et al.  Coordinated Optimal Design of Inverter Controllers in a Micro-Grid With Multiple Distributed Generation Units , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[19]  Karl Henrik Johansson,et al.  Event-based broadcasting for multi-agent average consensus , 2013, Autom..

[20]  Francesco Bullo,et al.  Synchronization and power sharing for droop-controlled inverters in islanded microgrids , 2012, Autom..

[21]  Fanghong Guo,et al.  Distributed Secondary Voltage and Frequency Restoration Control of Droop-Controlled Inverter-Based Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[22]  G. Venkataramanan,et al.  Optimal Technology Selection and Operation of Commercial-Building Microgrids , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[23]  Sonia Martínez,et al.  Distributed event-triggered communication for dynamic average consensus in networked systems , 2014, Autom..

[24]  Alexandre Oudalov,et al.  The Provision of Frequency Control Reserves From Multiple Microgrids , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  Chen-Ching Liu,et al.  Distribution System Restoration With Microgrids Using Spanning Tree Search , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[26]  Pierre-Alexandre Bliman,et al.  Average consensus problems in networks of agents with delayed communications , 2005, Proceedings of the 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[27]  Xiandong Ma,et al.  Generic model of a community-based microgrid integrating wind turbines, photovoltaics and CHP generations , 2013 .

[28]  Jianhui Wang,et al.  Networked Microgrids for Self-Healing Power Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[29]  Vitor Nazário Coelho,et al.  Multi-agent systems applied for energy systems integration: State-of-the-art applications and trends in microgrids , 2017 .

[30]  M. Pipattanasomporn,et al.  Real-time co-simulation platform using OPAL-RT and OPNET for analyzing smart grid performance , 2015, 2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[31]  Peng Zhang,et al.  Reliability evaluation of active distribution systems including microgrids , 2012, 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[32]  Reza Noroozian,et al.  Multi-microgrids approach for design and operation of future distribution networks based on novel technical indices , 2017 .

[33]  Francesco Bullo,et al.  Breaking the Hierarchy: Distributed Control and Economic Optimality in Microgrids , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems.

[34]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  Secondary Control Strategies for Frequency Restoration in Islanded Microgrids with Consideration of Communication Delays , 2015 .

[35]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  An Enhanced Microgrid Load Demand Sharing Strategy , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[36]  Jin Jiang,et al.  Accurate Reactive Power Sharing in an Islanded Microgrid Using Adaptive Virtual Impedances , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[37]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Secondary Frequency and Voltage Control of Islanded Microgrids via Distributed Averaging , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.