Analyzing and Improving Reliability in Multi-hop Body Sensor Networks

Body Sensor Networks are an interesting emerging application of wireless sensor networks to improve healthcare and the Quality of Life. Current research has mainly focused on single-hop networks, although some works clearly show advantages of multi-hop architectures. In this paper, we model probabilistic connectivity in such multi-hop body sensor networks. Instead of using a circular coverage area, a more accurate model is defined based on the path loss along the human body. Further, we propose improvements to CICADA, a cross-layer multi-hop protocol that handles both medium access and the routing of data in BSNs. CICADA is slot-based and uses schemes to allocate these slots. Results for two reliability improvements are given: randomization of the schemes and repeating the schemes received from a parent node. We show that these improvements positively affect the throughput of the network and lead to fewer retransmissions while the energy consumption of the nodes is hardly influenced.