Energy efficiency based on relay station deployment and sleep mode activation of eNBs for 4G LTE-A network

ABSTRACT The energy efficiency is considered as a major issue due to large power consumption of eNBs in heterogeneous cellular networks. In this paper, a novel relay station (RS) deployment scheme and base station (BS) sleep mode algorithm is proposed to minimize the power consumption of eNBs. Initially, the RSs are deployed to cover the entire area of a cell. It is due to the purpose of providing service when the BS is in sleep mode. Then the network traffic of each cell is measured with Erlang B and C probability measure. If the network traffic is low, then the BS is decided to put into sleep mode which reduces the power consumption. For that, the corresponding RS are selected to handover the active mobile users (MUs). Then, the network traffic is estimated for each RS and the RS without MU becomes sleep mode in order to reduce power consumption further. The proposed model of cellular network reduces the power consumption by applying sleep mode algorithm for both BS and RS based on the measured network traffic. The power consumed by the entire network is measured and compared with the network without sleep mode. The evaluation results show the efficiency of our proposed work.

[1]  Zhisheng Niu,et al.  Base Station Sleeping and Resource Allocation in Renewable Energy Powered Cellular Networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[2]  Li Su,et al.  Energy-Efficient Scheduling for mmWave Backhauling of Small Cells in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[3]  Laurence T. Yang,et al.  On Efficient Utilization of Green Energy in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks , 2017, IEEE Systems Journal.

[4]  Wanjiun Liao,et al.  GreenCoMP: Energy-Aware Cooperation for Green Cellular Networks , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[5]  Peilin Hong,et al.  Stochastic Analysis of Optimal Base Station Energy Saving in Cellular Networks with Sleep Mode , 2014, IEEE Communications Letters.

[6]  Muhammad Ali Imran,et al.  Expanding cellular coverage via cell-edge deployment in heterogeneous networks: spectral efficiency and backhaul power consumption perspectives , 2014, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[7]  Xianfu Chen,et al.  Energy-Efficiency Oriented Traffic Offloading in Wireless Networks: A Brief Survey and a Learning Approach for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks , 2015, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[8]  Wenyi Zhang,et al.  A Separation Architecture for Achieving Energy-Efficient Cellular Networking , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[9]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  A Hybrid Energy Sharing Framework for Green Cellular Networks , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[10]  Mohamed-Slim Alouini,et al.  Analytical Modeling of Mode Selection and Power Control for Underlay D2D Communication in Cellular Networks , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[11]  Zhisheng Niu,et al.  Characterizing Energy–Delay Tradeoff in Hyper-Cellular Networks With Base Station Sleeping Control , 2015, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[12]  Rui Wang,et al.  Techniques for improving cellular radio base station energy efficiency , 2011, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[13]  Feng Zhao,et al.  Energy-efficient joint BS-RS sleep scheduling based on cellular automata in relay-aided cellular networks , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP).

[14]  Nirwan Ansari,et al.  ICE: Intelligent Cell BrEathing to Optimize the Utilization of Green Energy , 2012, IEEE Communications Letters.

[15]  Nirwan Ansari,et al.  On Optimizing Green Energy Utilization for Cellular Networks with Hybrid Energy Supplies , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[16]  Chau Yuen,et al.  Energy Efficiency Tradeoff Mechanism Towards Wireless Green Communication: A Survey , 2016, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[17]  Wan Choi,et al.  Energy-Efficient Repulsive Cell Activation for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[18]  Kaibin Huang,et al.  Coverage and Economy of Cellular Networks with Many Base Stations , 2012, IEEE Communications Letters.

[19]  Gang Shen,et al.  Energy Efficiency of Heterogeneous Cellular Network , 2010, 2010 IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference - Fall.

[20]  Peter Xiaoping Liu,et al.  When the Smart Grid Meets Energy-Efficient Communications: Green Wireless Cellular Networks Powered by the Smart Grid , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[21]  Di Yuan,et al.  Power and Load Coupling in Cellular Networks for Energy Optimization , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[22]  Guoping Zeng,et al.  Two common properties of the erlang-B function, erlang-C function, and Engset blocking function , 2003 .

[23]  Victor C. M. Leung,et al.  Energy Efficient User Association and Power Allocation in Millimeter-Wave-Based Ultra Dense Networks With Energy Harvesting Base Stations , 2017, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[24]  Xing Zhang,et al.  Energy-efficient multimedia transmissions through base station cooperation over heterogeneous cellular networks exploiting user behavior , 2014, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[25]  Bhaskar Krishnamachari,et al.  Dynamic Base Station Switching-On/Off Strategies for Green Cellular Networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[26]  Xiqi Gao,et al.  Cellular architecture and key technologies for 5G wireless communication networks , 2014, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[27]  Harald Haas,et al.  Minimizing Base Station Power Consumption , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[28]  Cheng-Xiang Wang,et al.  Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Cellular Networks Based on Spatial Distributions of Traffic Load and Power Consumption , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[29]  Moshe Zukerman,et al.  Energy-Efficient Base-Stations Sleep-Mode Techniques in Green Cellular Networks: A Survey , 2015, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[30]  Pachiyappan Arulmozhivarman,et al.  Power-aware fuzzy based joint base station and relay station deployment scheme for green radio communication , 2017, Sustain. Comput. Informatics Syst..