Hepatitis after Prophylactic Serum

excluding Calcutta, only seventeen have framed by-laws and promulgated them. The urban areas are becoming very congested, especially those in process of industrialization, and fhere are large numbers of houses with no adequate ventilation, damp proofing, outlet for kitchen smoke, and suitable drainage. All these adverse conditions react unfavourably upon the health of the inhabitants, more so upon the pregnant mothers and the infants. This is further very seriously aggravated by the overcrowding in the. individual houses, partly due to the low standard of living and partly to the lack of suitable accommodation. Not only do two or three families live in houses which are only adequate for single families, but two or three generations inhabit the same room, creating most unhealthy conditions. In the rural areas where more than forty-seven million people live, the absence of a Village Planning Act and the lack of desire and initiative on the part of the population itself have resulted in the haphazard growth of homesteads with innumerable breeding-places for mosquitos caused by excavating the ground indiscriminately all over the villages in order to obtain earth for building the huts. Each year about half a million deaths occur from malaria alone; tuberculosis is probably also increasing, especially in these malaria-infested areas. Even in the urban areas three million inhabitants live in such different types of buildings as those constructed entirely of bricks; partly *of bricks and partly Qf corrugated sheets or tiles; entirely of corrugated sheets; daub and wattle; mud walls with thatched roofing; and bamboo walls with thatched roofing. It is therefore suggested that all the municipalities should adopt suitable by-laws, and that Village Planning and the Small Town Planning Acts should be brought into being.