DYNAMIC MODEL OF LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS WITH ACCLIMATION TO LIGHT AND NITROGEN

A simple model of photosynthesis in a mature C3leaf is described, based on a non-rectangular hyperbola: the model allows the high-light asymptote of that equation (Pmax) to respond dynamically to light and nitrogen. This causes the leaf light response equation to acclimate continuously to the current conditions of light and N nutrition, which can vary greatly within a crop canopy, and through a growing season, with important consequences for gross production. Predictions are presented for the dynamics of acclimation, acclimated and non-acclimated photosynthetic rates are compared, and the dependence of leaf properties on light and N availability is explored. There is good correspondence of predictions with experimental results at the leaf level. The model also provides a mechanism for a down regulation of photosynthesis in response to increased carbon dioxide concentrations, whose magnitude will depend on conditions, particularly of nitrogen nutrition.

[1]  J. Thornley.  Growth, Maintenance and Respiration: a Re-interpretation , 1977 .

[2]  B. Acock,et al.  An adequate model of photosynthesis—I Parameterization, validation and comparison of models , 1996 .

[3]  Roderick C. Dewar,et al.  A Root-Shoot Partitioning Model Based on Carbon-Nitrogen-Water Interactions and Munch Phloem Flow , 1993 .

[4]  N. Anten,et al.  The photosynthetic capacity and leaf nitrogen concentration as related to light regime in shade leaves of a montane tropical forest tree, Tetrorchidium rubrivenium , 1996 .

[5]  J. Prioul,et al.  Interaction between External and Internal Conditions in the Development of Photosynthetic Features in a Grass Leaf: II. REVERSIBILITY OF LIGHT-INDUCED RESPONSES AS A FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES. , 1980, Plant physiology.

[6]  M. Cannell,et al.  Temperate Grassland Responses to Climate Change: an Analysis using the Hurley Pasture Model , 1997 .

[7]  P. Jarvis,et al.  Modelling Canopy Exchanges of Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide in Coniferous Forest Plantations , 1985 .

[8]  M. Cannell,et al.  N‐poor ecosystems may respond more to elevated [CO2] than N‐rich ones in the long term. A model analysis of grassland. , 1998 .

[9]  G. Kleinkopf,et al.  Evidence for lack of turnover of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase in barley leaves. , 1973, Plant physiology.

[10]  I. R. Johnson,et al.  A model of instantaneous and daily canopy photosynthesis , 1984 .

[11]  D. J. Fitter,et al.  The Contribution of Leaves from Different Levels within a Tomato Crop to Canopy Net Photosynthesis: An Experimental Examination of Two Canopy Models , 1978 .

[12]  The effect of nitrogenous fertilizer on the photosynthesis of leaves of a ryegrass sward , 1985 .

[13]  Eugene J. Rablnowitch.  Photosynthesis And Related Process , 1945 .

[14]  G. Bélanger,et al.  The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and the Growing Season on Photosynthesis of Field-grown Tall Fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Canopies , 1993 .

[15]  S. Zarnoch,et al.  Seasonal trends of light‐saturated net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of loblolly pine trees grown in contrasting environments of nutrition, water and carbon dioxide , 1997 .

[16]  Christopher B. Field,et al.  photosynthesis--nitrogen relationship in wild plants , 1986 .

[17]  Ross E. McMurtrie,et al.  Modelling the yield of Pinus radiata on a site limited by water and nitrogen , 1990 .

[18]  H. L. Allen,et al.  Foliar nutrient dynamics of 11-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) following nitrogen fertilization , 1996 .

[19]  B. Hicks,et al.  The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction , 1985 .

[20]  I. Terashima,et al.  Photosynthetic Characteristics of Spinach Leaves Grown with Different Nitrogen Treatments , 1988 .

[21]  John H. M. Thornley.  Modelling allocation with transport/conversion processes. , 1997 .

[22]  C. Topp,et al.  Simulating the impact of global warming on milk and forage production in Scotland: 1. The effects on dry-matter yield of grass and grass-white clover swards , 1996 .

[23]  E. Rabinowitch,et al.  Photosynthesis and Related Processes , 1946 .

[24]  A. Lazenby,et al.  The Grass Crop , 1988, The Grass Crop.

[25]  MICHAEL B. Jones,et al.  Effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations on agricultural grassland production , 1996 .

[26]  James W. Jones,et al.  Dynamic concepts in biology. , 1969 .

[27]  D. Hollinger.  Optimality and nitrogen allocation in a tree canopy. , 1996, Tree physiology.

[28]  J. P. Cooper.  Crop processes in controlled environments: A. R. Rees, K. E. Cockshull, D. W. Hand and R. G. Hurd (Editors). Academic Press, London and New York, 1972, xiii + 391 pp., £6.50 , 1973 .

[29]  B. Marshall,et al.  A Model for C3 Leaves Describing the Dependence of Net Photosynthesis on Irradiance , 1980 .

[30]  K. Hikosaka,et al.  Nitrogen partitioning among photosynthetic components and its consequence in sun and shade plants , 1996 .

[31]  M. Robson,et al.  The grass plant—its form and function , 1988 .

[32]  E. Maskell.  Experimental Researches on Vegetable Assimilation and Respiration. XVIII.--The Relation between Stomatal Opening and Assimilation.--A Critical Study of Assimilation Rates and Porometer Rates in Leaves of Cherry Laurel , 1928 .

[33]  P. Sands.  Modelling Canopy Production. II. From Single-Leaf Photosynthesis Parameters to Daily Canopy Photosynthesis , 1995 .

[34]  D. Lawlor.  Photosynthesis: metabolism, control , and physiology , 1987 .

[35]  Thomas J. Givnish,et al.  On the economy of plant form and function. , 1988 .

[36]  D. Pury,et al.  Simple scaling of photosynthesis from leaves to canopies without the errors of big‐leaf models , 1997 .

[37]  L. D. Incoll.  Prediction and measurement of photosynthetic productivity , 1972 .

[38]  Tadaki Hirose,et al.  Nitrogen use efficiency in instantaneous and daily photosynthesis of leaves in the canopy of a Solidago altissima stand , 1987 .