Mock crime application of the Complex Trial Protocol (CTP) P300-based concealed information test.

The Complex Trial Protocol (CTP), was shown to be an improvement over the previous "three stimulus" P300-based concealed information tests (CITs). Not only was it highly accurate with autobiographical information but was also resistant to the use of countermeasures (CMs). The current study applied the CTP to the detection of incidentally acquired information in a mock crime scenario. In previous "three stimulus" mock crime studies utilizing P300-based CITs, participants memorized a guilty knowledge item(s). Special care was taken in the current study to ensure that participants' knowledge of the guilty item in the mock crime was obtained only during the commission of the act in order to bolster ecological validity. Overall, 92% of all participants in guilty, innocent, and countermeasure conditions were correctly classified. CM use was again indexed by reaction times (RTs).

[1]  Michael R. Winograd,et al.  The Complex Trial Protocol (CTP): a new, countermeasure-resistant, accurate, P300-based method for detection of concealed information. , 2008, Psychophysiology.

[2]  Vance V. MacLaren,et al.  A quantitative review of the guilty knowledge test. , 2001 .

[3]  S Hira,et al.  [Effects of a mental countermeasure on the physiological detection of deception using the event-related brain potentials]. , 2001, Shinrigaku kenkyu : The Japanese journal of psychology.

[4]  J P Rosenfeld,et al.  An ERP-based, control-question lie detector analog: algorithms for discriminating effects within individuals' average waveforms. , 1991, Psychophysiology.

[5]  U. Böckenholt,et al.  Bootstrapping: applications to psychophysiology. , 1989, Psychophysiology.

[6]  Matthew G. Rhodes,et al.  Age estimation of faces: a review† , 2009 .

[7]  J. Allen,et al.  The identification of concealed memories using the event-related potential and implicit behavioral measures: a methodology for prediction in the face of individual differences. , 1992, Psychophysiology.

[8]  Bruno Verschuere,et al.  The role of deception in P300 memory detection , 2009 .

[9]  J P Rosenfeld,et al.  A modified, event-related potential-based guilty knowledge test. , 1988, The International journal of neuroscience.

[10]  John J. B. Allen,et al.  The role of psychophysiology in forensic assessments: deception detection, ERPs, and virtual reality mock crime scenarios. , 2008, Psychophysiology.

[11]  Gershon Ben-Shakhar,et al.  The validity of psychophysiological detection of information with the Guilty Knowledge Test: a meta-analytic review. , 2003, The Journal of applied psychology.

[12]  Eran Dayan,et al.  Estimating the validity of the guilty knowledge test from simulated experiments: the external validity of mock crime studies. , 2003, Journal of experimental psychology. Applied.

[13]  E Donchin,et al.  The truth will out: interrogative polygraphy ("lie detection") with event-related brain potentials. , 1991, Psychophysiology.

[14]  J. Allen,et al.  A comparison of methods for the analysis of event-related potentials in deception detection. , 1997, Psychophysiology.

[15]  J P Rosenfeld,et al.  Peak-to-peak measurement of P300 recorded at 0.3 Hz high pass filter settings in intraindividual diagnosis: complex vs. simple paradigms. , 2001, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[16]  E. Donchin,et al.  Is the P300 component a manifestation of context updating? , 1988, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[17]  C M Seifert,et al.  Using response time measures to assess "guilty knowledge". , 2000, The Journal of applied psychology.

[18]  J Peter Rosenfeld,et al.  P300-based detection of concealed autobiographical versus incidentally acquired information in target and non-target paradigms. , 2006, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[19]  Elena Labkovsky,et al.  The effects of asymmetric vs. symmetric probability of targets following probe and irrelevant stimuli in the complex trial protocol for detection of concealed information with P300 , 2009, Physiology & Behavior.

[20]  J. Grier,et al.  Nonparametric indexes for sensitivity and bias: computing formulas. , 1971, Psychological bulletin.

[21]  J. Rosenfeld,et al.  Simple, effective countermeasures to P300-based tests of detection of concealed information. , 2004, Psychophysiology.

[22]  D. Lykken.  The GSR in the detection of guilt. , 1959 .

[23]  Steven P. Abney,et al.  Bootstrapping , 2002, ACL.

[24]  Ewout H. Meijer,et al.  The P300 is sensitive to concealed face recognition. , 2007, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[25]  Niklas Ravaja,et al.  Salience of Guilty Knowledge Test items affects accuracy in realistic mock crimes. , 2006, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[26]  J. Connolly,et al.  Determining eyewitness identification accuracy using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). , 2007, Psychophysiology.