Elastic scattering of γ-rays and X-rays by atoms

Abstract A survey is given of the current status of theoretical and experimental studies of elastic photon-atom scattering, with particular emphasis on the soft γ-ray energy regime 59.5 keV–1.33 MeV. Basic assumptions of theory, simple approximations, and best available calculations are described. The focus is on the Rayleigh scattering amplitudes for elastic scattering off the bound atomic electrons, but it is also necessary to discuss Delbruck and nuclear amplitudes. The numerical code of Kissel is central to the results which are obtained. A new reference data set of theoretical predictions is presented for a grid of 10 elements (Z = 13–103) and 7 energies (59.5 keV–1.33 MeV) at 55 scattering angles (0–180°). Basic considerations of the experiment are described, including sources and detectors and experimental arrangements. All modern experiments (using Ge detectors) are summarized, and older experiments are listed for reference. Finally, the status of comparison between theory and experiment is examined. All experiments available on the reference grid of theoretical calculation are compared with the predictions; agreement appears generally satisfactory. The situations at higher energies (focusing on Delbruck scattering) and lower energy X-ray scattering (anomalous scattering) are also discussed.

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