Rapid On-Site Evaluation of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspirations for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer: A Perspective From Members of the Pulmonary Pathology Society.

CONTEXT - Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as a very useful tool in the field of diagnostic respiratory cytology. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of EBUS-TBNA not only has the potential to improve diagnostic yield of the procedure but also to triage samples for predictive molecular testing to guide personalized treatments for lung cancer. OBJECTIVE - To provide an overview of the current status of the literature regarding ROSE of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung cancer. DATA SOURCES - An electronic literature search in PubMed and Google databases was performed using the following key words: cytology, lung cancer, on-site evaluation, rapid on-site evaluation, and ROSE EBUS-TBNA. Only articles published in English were included in this review. CONCLUSIONS - Rapid on-site evaluation can ensure that the targeted lesion is being sampled and can enable appropriate specimen triage. If available, it should be used with EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung cancer because it can minimize repeat procedures for additional desired testing (ie, molecular studies). Some studies have shown that ROSE does not adversely affect the number of aspirations, total procedure time of EBUS-TBNA, or the rate of postprocedure complications; it is also helpful in providing a preliminary diagnosis that can reduce the number of additional invasive procedures, such as mediastinoscopy. As EBUS technology continues to evolve, our knowledge of the role of ROSE in EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of lung cancer will also continue to grow and evolve.

[1]  Rakesh Kumar,et al.  Metastatic carotid body paraganglioma of lungs and lymph nodes: Unsuspected diagnosis on EBUS‐TBNA , 2017, Diagnostic cytopathology.

[2]  Gonzalo Labarca,et al.  Análisis moleculares de EGFR, mutación de resistencia al EGFR, ALK y ROS1 en muestras obtenidas mediante PATB-USEB en Chile , 2017 .

[3]  M. Burotto,et al.  Molecular Testing of EGFR, EGFR Resistance Mutation, ALK and ROS1 Achieved by EBUS-TBNA in Chile. , 2017, Archivos de bronconeumologia.

[4]  B. Ljung,et al.  Fine‐needle aspiration versus core needle biopsy: Reconsidering the evidence of superiority , 2016, Cancer cytopathology.

[5]  P. VanderLaan.  Fine‐needle aspiration and core needle biopsy: An update on 2 common minimally invasive tissue sampling modalities , 2016, Cancer cytopathology.

[6]  D. Rana,et al.  Establishment of an endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration service with rapid on‐site evaluation: 2 years experience of a single UK centre , 2016, Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology.

[7]  L. Thiberville,et al.  Molecular analysis of peripheral non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer sampled by radial EBUS , 2016 .

[8]  P. Nguyen,et al.  Cell block samples from endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration provide sufficient material for ancillary testing in lung cancer-a quaternary referral centre experience. , 2016, Journal of thoracic disease.

[9]  L. Pantanowitz,et al.  Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Utility of the ProCore Biopsy Needle for Lymph Node Sampling , 2016, Acta Cytologica.

[10]  K. Madan,et al.  Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with signet ring features: Detailed cytomorphologic analysis , 2016, Diagnostic cytopathology.

[11]  M. Louw,et al.  Direct comparison of liquid‐based and smear‐based cytology with and without rapid on‐site evaluation for fine needle aspirates of thoracic tumors , 2016, Diagnostic cytopathology.

[12]  L. Thiberville,et al.  Molecular analysis of peripheral non‐squamous non‐small cell lung cancer sampled by radial EBUS , 2016, Respirology.

[13]  A. Borczuk,et al.  Biomarker Testing in Lung Carcinoma Cytology Specimens: A Perspective From Members of the Pulmonary Pathology Society. , 2016, Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine.

[14]  E. Siegel,et al.  Rapid onsite evaluation: A comparison of cytopathologist and pulmonologist performance , 2016, Cancer cytopathology.

[15]  Y. Hiraishi,et al.  Bronchoscopic Re-biopsy for Mutational Analysis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer , 2016, Lung.

[16]  M. Wahidi,et al.  Technical Aspects of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report. , 2016, Chest.

[17]  T. Amundsen,et al.  Learning EBUS‐TBNA – a 6‐year experience at a single institution , 2016 .

[18]  Jinming Yu,et al.  Rapid on-site evaluation during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients with lung cancer. , 2016, Cancer letters.

[19]  J. Yim,et al.  Adequacy Criteria of Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Simple Algorithm to Assess the Adequacy of ROSE. , 2016, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[20]  R. Guleria,et al.  Utility of conventional transbronchial needle aspiration with rapid on-site evaluation (c-TBNA-ROSE) at a tertiary care center with endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) facility , 2016, Journal of cytology.

[21]  C. Tinelli,et al.  Randomized Trial of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration With and Without Rapid On-site Evaluation for Lung Cancer Genotyping. , 2015, Chest.

[22]  T. Amundsen,et al.  Learning EBUS-TBNA – A 6-year experience at a single institution , 2015 .

[23]  I. Neves,et al.  The value of rapid on-site evaluation during EBUS-TBNA. , 2015, Revista portuguesa de pneumologia.

[24]  S. Broderick,et al.  A Prospective Clinical Trial of Telecytopathology for Rapid Interpretation of Specimens Obtained During Endobronchial Ultrasound-Fine Needle Aspiration. , 2015, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[25]  E. Siegel,et al.  Rapid on‐site evaluation of EBUS‐TBNA specimens of lymph nodes: Comparative analysis and recommendations for standardization , 2015, Cancer cytopathology.

[26]  A. Saqi,et al.  FNA, core biopsy, or both for the diagnosis of lung carcinoma: Obtaining sufficient tissue for a specific diagnosis and molecular testing , 2015, Cancer cytopathology.

[27]  S. Shaftman,et al.  Outcome of patients with negative and unsatisfactory cytologic specimens obtained by endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial fine‐needle aspiration of mediastinal lymph nodes , 2015, Cancer cytopathology.

[28]  R. Guleria,et al.  Diagnostic utility of conventional transbronchial needle aspiration without rapid on-site evaluation in patients with lung cancer , 2015, Lung India.

[29]  V. Iyer,et al.  Cell blocks in cytopathology: a review of preparative methods, utility in diagnosis and role in ancillary studies , 2014, Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology.

[30]  F. Herth,et al.  Guideline for the Acquisition and Preparation of Conventional and Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Specimens for the Diagnosis and Molecular Testing of Patients with Known or Suspected Lung Cancer , 2014, Respiration.

[31]  A. Majid,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA): An overview and update for the cytopathologist , 2014, Cancer cytopathology.

[32]  P. Mazzone,et al.  Rapid on-site evaluation of endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirates: correlation of adequacy assessment and final diagnosis in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. , 2014, Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology.

[33]  A. Medford,et al.  Impact of needle gauge on characterization of endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) histology samples , 2014, Respirology.

[34]  R. Guleria,et al.  Diagnostic utility of conventional transbronchial needle aspiration without rapid on-site evaluation in patients with lung cancer , 2014, Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society.

[35]  M. Gartrell,et al.  Rapid on‐site evaluation of fine needle aspiration specimens by cytology scientists: a review of 3032 specimens , 2014, Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology.

[36]  M. Oki,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer. , 2014, Respiratory investigation.

[37]  D. Arenberg,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging. , 2014, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[38]  L. Pantanowitz,et al.  Evaluation of endobronchial ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspirations (EBUS‐FNA): Correlation with adequacy and histologic follow‐up , 2014, Cancer cytopathology.

[39]  S. Gasparini,et al.  The role of the pulmonologist in rapid on-site cytologic evaluation of transbronchial needle aspiration: a prospective study. , 2014, Chest.

[40]  L. Yarmus,et al.  Optimizing endobronchial ultrasound for molecular analysis. How many passes are needed? , 2013, Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

[41]  T. Henzler,et al.  EBUS-TBNA Provides Highest RNA Yield for Multiple Biomarker Testing from Routinely Obtained Small Biopsies in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients - A Comparative Study of Three Different Minimal Invasive Sampling Methods , 2013, PloS one.

[42]  Souzan Sanati,et al.  Improved laboratory resource utilization and patient care with the use of rapid on‐site evaluation for endobronchial ultrasound fine‐needle aspiration biopsy , 2013, Cancer cytopathology.

[43]  Xifeng Dong,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the mediastinal staging of non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. , 2013, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[44]  R. Feins,et al.  Rapid on-site pathologic evaluation does not increase the efficacy of endobronchial ultrasonographic biopsy for mediastinal staging. , 2013, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[45]  Robert Brian Jenkins,et al.  Molecular Testing Guideline for Selection of Lung Cancer Patients for EGFR and ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Guideline from the College of American Pathologists, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and Association for Molecular Pathology , 2013, Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

[46]  I. Yoshino,et al.  Rapid on-site cytologic evaluation during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for nodal staging in patients with lung cancer. , 2013, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[47]  M. Wahidi,et al.  Establishing the diagnosis of lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. , 2013, Chest.

[48]  D. Naidich,et al.  Screening for Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Management of Lung Cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines , 2013 .

[49]  L. Yarmus,et al.  Comparison of 21-gauge and 22-gauge aspiration needle in endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: results of the American College of Chest Physicians Quality Improvement Registry, Education, and Evaluation Registry. , 2013, Chest.

[50]  G. Michaud,et al.  Complications, consequences, and practice patterns of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: Results of the AQuIRE registry. , 2013, Chest.

[51]  R. Lenox,et al.  Feasibility of dynamic telecytopathology for rapid on-site evaluation of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration. , 2013, Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association.

[52]  P. Plant,et al.  Adequacy of endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration samples in the subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer. , 2012, Lung cancer.

[53]  M. Oki,et al.  Rapid On-Site Cytologic Evaluation during Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Diagnosing Lung Cancer: A Randomized Study , 2012, Respiration.

[54]  M. Louw,et al.  Comparison of the quality of smears in transbronchial fine‐needle aspirates using two staining methods for rapid on‐site evaluation , 2012, Diagnostic cytopathology.

[55]  A. Srinivasan,et al.  Efficacy and safety of convex probe EBUS-TBNA in sarcoidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2012, Respiratory medicine.

[56]  R. Korst,et al.  Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided mediastinal lymph node biopsy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. , 2012, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[57]  S. Koenig,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspirate (EBUS‐TBNA):A proposal for on‐site adequacy criteria , 2012, Diagnostic cytopathology.

[58]  M. Tsao,et al.  Fine-needle aspiration biopsy versus core-needle biopsy in diagnosing lung cancer: a systematic review. , 2012, Current oncology.

[59]  L. Schwartz,et al.  Utility of on-site evaluation of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration specimens , 2011, CytoJournal.

[60]  M. Oki,et al.  Randomized Study of 21-gauge Versus 22-gauge Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Needles for Sampling Histology Specimens , 2011, Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology.

[61]  A. Bondi,et al.  Rapid on-site evaluation of transbronchial aspirates in the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal adenopathy: a randomized trial. , 2011, Chest.

[62]  Masahiro Tsuboi,et al.  International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma , 2011, Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

[63]  M. Shingyoji,et al.  Comparison of 21‐gauge and 22‐gauge aspiration needle during endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration , 2011, Respirology.

[64]  Liu Yan-hui,et al.  Interpretation of Pathological Perspective——International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma , 2011 .

[65]  Haiquan Chen,et al.  The role of Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for qualitative diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy: a prospective analysis , 2011, BMC Cancer.

[66]  R. Cerfolio,et al.  The true false negative rates of esophageal and endobronchial ultrasound in the staging of mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. , 2010, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[67]  C. Thieke,et al.  Long-term survival of cancer patients compared to heart failure and stroke: A systematic review , 2010, BMC Cancer.

[68]  L. Tanoue.  Real-time Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in Mediastinal Staging of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: How Many Aspirations Per Target Lymph Node Station? , 2010 .

[69]  R. Andrade,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for mediastinal lymph node staging in non-small cell lung cancer. , 2008, Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

[70]  S. Pambuccian,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration: the University of Minnesota experience, with emphasis on usefulness, adequacy assessment, and diagnostic difficulties. , 2008, American journal of clinical pathology.

[71]  Moon Soo Kim,et al.  Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in mediastinal staging of non-small cell lung cancer: how many aspirations per target lymph node station? , 2008, Chest.

[72]  F. Herth,et al.  Endobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial needle aspiration for restaging the mediastinum in lung cancer. , 2008, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[73]  F. Herth,et al.  Diagnosis of Mediastinal Adenopathy—Real-Time Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Needle Aspiration versus Mediastinoscopy , 2008, Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

[74]  Michael Wallace,et al.  Invasive mediastinal staging of lung cancer: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). , 2007, Chest.

[75]  F. Herth,et al.  Real-time endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration for sampling mediastinal lymph nodes , 2006, Thorax.

[76]  Prabodh K. Gupta,et al.  Diagnostic value and cost‐effectiveness of on‐site evaluation of fine‐needle aspiration specimens: Review of 5,688 cases , 2002, Diagnostic cytopathology.

[77]  U. Prakash.  Immediate on-site interpretation of fine-needle aspiration smears: a cost and compensation analysis. , 2002 .

[78]  L. Layfield,et al.  Immediate on‐site interpretation of fine‐needle aspiration smears , 2001, Cancer.