English version of Social Networks Adoption Scale: A validation study

This paper provides a validation of the English version of the Social Networks Adoption Scale.English version of the Social Networks Adoption Scale consists of 19 items and 5 factors.The scale demonstrated good reliability and validity.The scale can provide an insight to educators about the adoption process from different cultures. The purpose of this study is to validate the English version of the Social Networks Adoption Scale developed by Usluel and Mazman (2009). The original scale consists of 21 items and 5 factors that include usefulness, ease of use, social effect, facilitating conditions and community identity. An online sample of 109 Facebook users completed an internet version of the translated the scale from the USA, Germany, Turkey, and Canada. For the scale's structural validity, first and second order confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Cronbach's Alpha coefficients (0.90) and item total correlations were calculated to investigate reliability of the scale. Through validity study it was proven that English version of the scale was consisted of five factors. But as a result of the second order confirmatory factor analysis, correlation between social influence variable and adoption variable was found to be insignificant. Therefore, two items included in the social influence factor were extracted from scale. The results indicated that the English version of the Social Networks Adoption Scale consisting of 19 items and 5 factors provided valid and reliable measures of social networks adoption. The Social Networks Adoption Scale can provide an insight to educators about the adoption process of international students from different cultures who seek to use Facebook for educational purposes.

[1]  Yasemin Koçak Usluel,et al.  Modeling educational usage of Facebook , 2010, Comput. Educ..

[2]  Seong Eun Cho,et al.  A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Korean and American Social Network Sites: Exploring Cultural Differences in Social Relationships and Self-Presentation. , 2010 .

[3]  Jin-Liang Wang,et al.  Cultural differences in social networking site use: A comparative study of China and the United States , 2013, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[4]  Chien-Hung Lai,et al.  An exploration of the potential educational value of Facebook , 2014, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[5]  Norman E. Wallen,et al.  How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education , 1990 .

[6]  Dan Surry,et al.  Diffusion Theory and Instructional Technology , 1997 .

[7]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research , 1977 .

[8]  Osman Saka,et al.  Technology Adoption of Medical Faculty in Teaching: Differentiating Factors in Adopter Categories , 2006, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[9]  Andy P. Field,et al.  Discovering Statistics Using SPSS , 2000 .

[10]  Wen-Hao David Huang,et al.  Comparison of Web 2.0 Technology Acceptance Level based on Cultural Differences , 2011, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[11]  Nilüfer Atman Uslu,et al.  Yeniliklerin Benimsenmesi Sürecinde Rol Oynayan Değişkenlerin Betimsel Tarama Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi , 2013 .

[12]  Michael Stefanone,et al.  Online and Offline Social Networks: Investigating Culturally-Specific Behavior and Satisfaction , 2010, 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[13]  K. Schermelleh-Engel,et al.  Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures. , 2003 .

[14]  Nicoletta Corrocher,et al.  The adoption of Web 2.0 services: An empirical investigation , 2011 .

[15]  Yi-Chuan Hsieh,et al.  Adding Innovation Diffusion Theory to the Technology Acceptance Model: Supporting Employees' Intentions to use E-Learning Systems , 2011, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[16]  Man-Shin Cheng,et al.  Adding Innovation Diffusion Theory to Technology Acceptance Model: Understanding Consumers' Intention to Use Biofuels in Viet Nam , 2017 .

[17]  Rex B. Kline,et al.  Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling , 1998 .

[18]  Sunil Tyagi.  Adoption of Web 2.0 technology in higher education: A case study of universities in National Capital Region, India , 2012 .

[19]  Dragan Manasijevic,et al.  Facebook as virtual classroom - Social networking in learning and teaching among Serbian students , 2015, Telematics Informatics.

[20]  Eija Korpelainen,et al.  Systems approach for analysing problems in IT system adoption at work , 2013, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[21]  Cheri J. Simonds,et al.  I'll See You On “Facebook”: The Effects of Computer-Mediated Teacher Self-Disclosure on Student Motivation, Affective Learning, and Classroom Climate , 2007 .

[22]  K. V. Mardia,et al.  Mardia's Test of Multinormality , 2004 .

[23]  E. Rogers.  Diffusion of Innovations , 1962 .

[24]  Matthew K. O. Lee,et al.  A theoretical model of intentional social action in online social networks , 2010, Decis. Support Syst..

[25]  Hui-Chun Chen,et al.  Using theoretical models to examine the acceptance behavior of mobile phone messaging to enhance parent-teacher interactions , 2013, Comput. Educ..

[26]  Arumugam Raman,et al.  Facebook as a collaborative and communication tool: A study of secondary school students in Malaysia , 2014 .

[27]  L. Ball,et al.  Students' perceptions of using Facebook as an interactive learning resource at university , 2012 .

[28]  Mun Y. Yi,et al.  An empirical test of three mediation models for the relationship between personal innovativeness and user acceptance of technology , 2013, Inf. Manag..

[29]  Fred D. Davis.  Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[30]  Wenhao David Huang,et al.  Gender divide and acceptance of collaborative Web 2.0 applications for learning in higher education , 2013, Internet High. Educ..

[31]  M. Browne,et al.  Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit , 1992 .

[32]  Gordon B. Davis,et al.  User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View , 2003, MIS Q..

[33]  R. Kline.  Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, 3rd ed. , 2011 .

[34]  Detmar W. Straub,et al.  The Effect of Culture on IT Diffusion: E-Mail and FAX in Japan and the U.S , 1994, Inf. Syst. Res..

[35]  I. Ajzen.  The theory of planned behavior , 1991 .

[36]  Arun Vishwanath,et al.  An Examination of the Factors Contributing to Adoption Decisions among Late-Diffused Technology Products , 2003, New Media Soc..

[37]  Cathy Urquhart,et al.  Tapping the educational potential of Facebook: Guidelines for use in higher education , 2014, Education and Information Technologies.

[38]  Christopher N. Chapman,et al.  International ethnographic observation of social networking sites , 2008, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[39]  Younghwa Lee,et al.  The Technology Acceptance Model: Past, Present, and Future , 2003, Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[40]  H. Karal,et al.  Social Networking Site Usage among University Students: Differences of Educational Level/ Uporaba društvenih mreža među studentskom populacijom: razlike s obzirom na obrazovnu razinu , 2013 .