In tropical lowland rain forests monocots have tougher leaves than dicots, and include a new kind of tough leaf.
暂无分享,去创建一个
N. Dominy | D. Metcalfe | P. Lucas | J. Svenning | P. Grubb | I. Turner | R. Jackson | Jens‐Christian Svenning
[1] L. Williams. THE FEEDING HABITS AND FOOD PREFERENCES OF ACRIDIDAE AND THE FACTORS WHICH DETERMINE THEM , 2009 .
[2] Broome,et al. Literature cited , 1924, A Guide to the Carnivores of Central America.
[3] D. Coomes,et al. Monocot leaves are eaten less than dicot leaves in tropical lowland rain forests: correlations with toughness and leaf presentation. , 2008, Annals of botany.
[4] M. Balick. Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas , 2008, Economic Botany.
[5] P. Grubb,et al. The adaptive value of young leaves being tightly folded or rolled on monocotyledons in tropical lowland rain forest: an hypothesis in two parts , 2007, Plant Ecology.
[6] M. Eichhorn,et al. Explaining Leaf Herbivory Rates on Tree Seedlings in a Malaysian Rain Forest , 2007 .
[7] J. Read,et al. Leaf biomechanical properties and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds , 2007 .
[8] Seasonally and site specificity of mechanical dietary patterns in two malagasy lemur families (Lemuridae and Indriidae) , 1996, International Journal of Primatology.
[9] J. Read,et al. Sclerophylly in two contrasting tropical environments: low nutrients vs. low rainfall. , 2006, American journal of botany.
[10] Alexia Stokes,et al. Plant biomechanics in an ecological context. , 2006, American journal of botany.
[11] G. Sanson,et al. The biomechanics of browsing and grazing. , 2006, American journal of botany.
[12] J. Read,et al. The paradoxical effects of nutrient ratios and supply rates on an outbreaking insect herbivore, the Australian plague locust. , 2006, The Journal of animal ecology.
[13] J. Read,et al. Changes in resource concentration and defence during leaf development in a tough-leaved (Nothofagus moorei) and soft-leaved (Toona ciliata) species , 2006, Oecologia.
[14] P. Grubb,et al. Leaf structure and function in evergreen trees and shrubs of Japanese warm temperate rain forest I. The structure of the lamina , 1975, The botanical magazine = Shokubutsu-gaku-zasshi.
[15] J. Read,et al. Leaf Mechanical Properties in Sclerophyll Woodland and Shrubland on Contrasting Soils , 2005, Plant and Soil.
[16] Y. Basset,et al. Host specificity of insect herbivores in tropical forests , 2005, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.
[17] Jin Chen,et al. Interspecific variation of plant traits associated with resistance to herbivory among four species of Ficus (moraceae). , 2004, Annals of botany.
[18] P. Coley,et al. Effects of plant growth rate and leaf lifetime on the amount and type of anti-herbivore defense , 2004, Oecologia.
[19] J. Read,et al. Characterizing sclerophylly: the mechanical properties of a diverse range of leaf types. , 2003, The New phytologist.
[20] Mechanics and chemistry of rain forest leaves: canopy and understorey compared. , 2003, Journal of experimental botany.
[21] A. Agrawal,et al. INTENSE DISTURBANCE ENHANCES PLANT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HERBIVORY: NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE , 2003 .
[22] J. Read,et al. The potential contribution of biomechanical properties to anti-herbivore defence in seedlings of six Australian rainforest trees , 2003 .
[23] P. Grubb. Leaf form and function - towards a radical new approach. , 2002, The New phytologist.
[24] N. Aranwela,et al. Measurement of leaf biomechanical properties in studies of herbivory : Opportunities, problems and procedures , 2001 .
[25] D. Davidson,et al. Herbivory on planted dipterocarp seedlings in secondary logged forests and primary forests of Sabah, Malaysia , 2001, Journal of Tropical Ecology.
[26] R. Marquis,et al. Patterns and correlates of interspecific variation in foliar insect herbivory and pathogen attack in Brazilian cerrado , 2001, Journal of Tropical Ecology.
[27] N. Dominy,et al. Mechanical Defences to Herbivory , 2000 .
[28] D. Henry,et al. Seasonal changes and the effect of temperature and leaf moisture content on intrinsic shear strength of leaves of pasture grasses , 2000 .
[29] Robert W. Pearcy,et al. Plastic Phenotypic Response to Light of 16 Congeneric Shrubs From a Panamanian Rainforest , 2000 .
[30] J. Read,et al. Characterising sclerophylly: some mechanical properties of leaves from heath and forest , 2000, Oecologia.
[31] P. Becker,et al. Tree Leaf Form in Brunei: A Heath Forest and a Mixed Dipterocarp Forest Compared1 , 2000 .
[32] N. Aranwela,et al. Relationships between sclerophylly, leaf biomechanical properties and leaf anatomy in some Australian heath and forest species , 2000 .
[33] J. Kollmann,et al. Insect herbivory on European tall-shrub species : the need to distinguish leaves before and after unfolding or unrolling, and the advantage of longitudinal sampling , 1999 .
[34] D. Peart,et al. Distance-dependence in herbivory and foliar condition for juvenile Shorea trees in Bornean dipterocarp rain forest , 1998, Oecologia.
[35] J. A. Barone,et al. HERBIVORY AND PLANT DEFENSES IN TROPICAL FORESTS , 1996 .
[36] M. F. Choong. What makes a leaf tough and how this affects the pattern of Castanopsis fissa leaf consumption by caterpillars , 1996 .
[37] P. Coley,et al. Anti-Herbivore Defenses of Young Tropical Leaves: Physiological Constraints and Ecological Trade-offs , 1996 .
[38] J. Vincent,et al. HERBIVORY AND THE MECHANICS OF FRACTURE IN PLANTS , 1996 .
[39] Brian W. Darvell,et al. A portable fracture toughness tester for biological materials , 1996 .
[41] D. Henry,et al. Measurement of the shear and tensile fracture properties of leaves of pasture grasses , 1996 .
[42] D. Metcalfe,et al. Seed mass and light requirements for regeneration in Southeast Asian rain forest , 1995 .
[43] B. Darvell,et al. The Toughness of Plant Cell Walls , 1995 .
[44] W. Wright,et al. A comparative study of the fracture properties of five grasses , 1995 .
[45] R. Dirzo,et al. Within- and among-year variation in the levels of herbivory on the foliage of trees from a Mexican tropical deciduous forest. , 1995 .
[46] I. Feller,et al. Effects of Nutrient Enrichment on Growth and Herbivory of Dwarf Red Mangrove (Rhizophora Mangle) , 1995 .
[47] S. Hubbell,et al. Mortality Rates of 205 Neotropical Tree and Shrub Species and the Impact of a Severe Drought , 1995 .
[48] I. Turner. A catalogue of the vascular plants of Malaya. , 1995 .
[49] R. Chazdon,et al. Ecological, behavioural and nutritional factors influencing use of palms as host plants by a Neotropical forest grasshopper , 1993, Journal of Tropical Ecology.
[50] P. Lucas,et al. How Tough are Sclerophylls , 1993 .
[51] P. Lucas,et al. Leaf fracture toughness and sclerophylly: their correlations and ecological implications , 1992 .
[52] P. Coley,et al. Delayed greening in tropical leaves: an antiherbivore defense? , 1992 .
[53] C. Sagers. Manipulation of Host Plant Quality: Herbivores Keep Leaves in the Dark , 1992 .
[54] P. Lucas,et al. The Fracture Toughness of the Leaf of the Dicotyledon Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Guttiferae) , 1991 .
[55] E. Bernays,et al. Evolution of insect morphology in relation to plants , 1991 .
[56] D. Sands,et al. A portable penetrometer for measuring leaf toughness in insect herbivory studies , 1991 .
[57] C. Nichols-orians,et al. Interactions among leaf toughness, chemistry, and harvesting by attine ants , 1990 .
[58] I. Roth. Leaf structure of a Venezuelan cloud forest in relation to the microclimate , 1990 .
[59] K. Ernest. Insect herbivory on a tropical understory tree: effects of leaf age and habitat , 1989 .
[60] T. Aide,et al. The effects of rapid leaf expansion on the growth and survivorship of a lepidopteran herbivore , 1989 .
[61] H. Godfray,et al. Slug and nettle caterpillars. The biology, taxonomy and control of the Limacodidae of economic importance on palms in South-east Asia. , 1987 .
[62] G. Wilder. Anatomy of Noncostal Portions of Lamina in the Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae). IV. Veins of Interridge Areas, Expansion Tissue, and Adaxial and Abaxial Ridges , 1985, Botanical Gazette.
[63] G. Wilder. Anatomy of Noncostal Portions of Lamina in the Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae). III. Crystal Sacs, Periderm, and Boundary Layers of the Mesophyll , 1985, Botanical Gazette.
[64] G. Wilder. Anatomy of Noncostal Portions of Lamina in the Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae). II. Regions of Mesophyll, Monomorphic and Dimorphic Ordinary Parenchyma Cells, Mesophyll Fibers, and Parenchyma-Like Dead Cells , 1985, Botanical Gazette.
[65] M. Raupp. Effects of leaf toughness on mandibular wear of the leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora , 1985 .
[66] P. Tomlinson,et al. Systematic Anatomy of Cyclanthaceae (Monocotyledoneae)-An Overview , 1984, Botanical Gazette.
[67] J. Lawton,et al. Insects on Plants , 1984 .
[68] M. Lowman,et al. Variation in leaf toughness and phenolic content among five species of Australian rain forest trees , 1983 .
[69] P. Coley,et al. HERBIVORY AND DEFENSIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF TREE SPECIES IN A LOWLAND TROPICAL FOREST , 1983 .
[70] Thomas B. Croat. Flora of Barro Colorado Island , 1978 .
[71] K. C. Palgrave. Trees of Southern Africa , 1977 .
[72] C. R. Metcalfe,et al. Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. VI. Dioscoreales , 1973 .
[73] C. R. Metcalfe,et al. Systematic Anatomy of the Cyperaceae@@@Anatomy of the Monocotyledons... V. Cyperaceae... , 1972 .
[74] D. Mueller‐Dombois,et al. Ecology of Tropical and Subtropical Vegetation. , 1972 .
[75] A. J. Willis,et al. Contributions to the anatomy of Sararanga (Pandanaceae) , 1971 .
[76] F. J. Taylor. SOME ASPECTS OF THE GROWTH OF MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L) LEAVES. III. A MECHANICAL ANALYSIS , 1971 .
[77] F. J. Taylor. SOME ASPECTS OF THE GROWTH OF MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L) LEAVES , 1971 .
[78] P. Feeny. SEASONAL CHANGES IN OAK LEAF TANNINS AND NUTRIENTS AS A CAUSE OF SPRING FEEDING BY WINTER MOTH CATERPILLARS , 1970 .
[79] A. J. Willis,et al. Contributions to the anatomy of Freycinetia species from the Solomon Islands , 1970 .
[80] C. R. Metcalfe,et al. Anatomy of the monocotyledons. III. Commelinales-Zingiberales. , 1969 .
[81] K. Napp-Zinn. Anatomie des Blattes , 1966 .
[82] M. Tanton,et al. THE EFFECT OF LEAF “TOUGHNESS” ON THE FEEDING OF LARVAE OF THE MUSTARD BEETLE PHAEDON COCHLEARIAE FAB , 1962 .
[83] P. Tomlinson. Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. II. Palmae. , 1962 .
[84] C. R. Metcalfe. Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. I. Gramineae. , 1960 .
[85] C. R. Metcalfe. Anatomy of the monocotyledons , 1960 .
[86] L. Webb,et al. A Physiognomic Classification of Australian Rain Forests , 1959 .
[87] Samuel Weller Singer,et al. The Same , 1880, The Indian medical gazette.