Least Squares Fourier Series Solutions to Boundary Value Problems

Fourier series solutions are obtained for mixed boundary value problems for the Laplace equation in the plane and in the sphere. The nature of the boundary conditions presents difficulties in obtaining the Fourier coefficients, thus suggesting the use of variational procedures, e.g., least squares, to obtain the coefficients in the separated variable solutions. It is shown that for certain types of mixed boundary conditions numerically useful solutions can be obtained employing a hand held, programmable calculator, whereas other mixed boundary conditions require more computing power, say that needed to invert a $16 \times 16$ matrix. Modern applications of mixed boundary value problems are given, e,g., cryogenic thermal insulation, nuclear power generation, nondestructive testing, transportation of liquified natural gas, etc. This material is suitable for presentation in the first (applied) course in partial differential equations.

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