olitional Control of Anterior Insula Activity odulates the Response to Aversive Stimuli . A Real-ime Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

ackground: A promising new approach to cognitive neuroscience based on real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) emonstrated that the learned regulation of the neurophysiological activity in circumscribed brain regions can be used as an independent ariable to observe its effects on behavior. Here, for the first time, we investigated the modulatory effect of learned regulation of blood xygenation level-dependent (BOLD) response in the left anterior insula on the perception of visual emotional stimuli.

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