Optimal video packet distribution in multipath routing for urban VANETs

Video content streaming between two vehicles has various applications in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). Due to the highly dynamic nature of VANETs, video contents are usually transferred via multiple discovered routes to increase the chance of error-free packet delivery. However, vehicular routes suffer from limited lifetimes and low connectivity probabilities, which result in increasing packet loss ratio (PLR) and frequent video playback freezing. In this paper, PLR is minimized by optimally distributing video packets in multiple routes while meeting quality of service (QoS) parameters (meeting freezing delay and number of transferred video packets constraints). By doing so, reconstruction and playback of the video are achieved with guaranteed QoS. Performance evaluation of our proposed scheme shows enhancements in terms of average PLR (63.3%), average freezing delay (6%), average packet end-to-end delay (66.6%) and average number of delivered video packets (8%) after 10 seconds simulation.

[1]  Zhengtao Xiang,et al.  An adaptive cross-layer multi-path routing protocol for urban VANET , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics.

[2]  Kandaraj Piamrat,et al.  QoE-Aware Routing for Video Streaming over VANETs , 2014, 2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2014-Fall).

[3]  Juan-Carlos Cano,et al.  V2X solutions for real-time video collection , 2014, 2014 11th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services (WONS).

[4]  Radhika M. Pai,et al.  Traffic monitoring and routing in VANETs — A cluster based approach , 2011, 2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications.

[5]  Lieven Vandenberghe,et al.  Convex Optimization: Unconstrained minimization , 2004 .

[6]  Kyoungro Yoon,et al.  Fast Path Recovery Scheme for V2V Communications Using AODV , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Information Science and Applications (ICISA).

[7]  Yuguang Fang,et al.  Performance Study of Node-Disjoint Multipath Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[8]  Stephen J. Wright,et al.  Primal-Dual Interior-Point Methods , 1997 .

[9]  Mianxiong Dong,et al.  MMCD: Cooperative Downloading for Highway VANETs , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing.

[10]  Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues,et al.  An efficient energy‐aware predictive clustering approach for vehicular ad hoc networks , 2017, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[11]  Manuel P. Malumbres,et al.  Evaluating HEVC video delivery in VANET scenarios , 2013, 2013 IFIP Wireless Days (WD).

[12]  Martin Mauve,et al.  Location-Based Routing for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks , 2002 .

[13]  Martin Mauve,et al.  Geographic routing in city scenarios , 2005, MOCO.

[14]  Xiang Cao,et al.  Multihop transmission and retransmission measurement of real-time video streaming over DSRC devices , 2014, Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks 2014.

[15]  Nathalie Mitton,et al.  MEDAL: A moving direction and destination location based routing algorithm for vehicular ad hoc networks , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[16]  Jamil Y. Khan,et al.  Multimedia Transmission for Emergency Services in VANETs , 2014, 2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2014-Fall).

[17]  Jagruti Sahoo,et al.  BAHG: Back-Bone-Assisted Hop Greedy Routing for VANET's City Environments , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[18]  Marco Fiore,et al.  Persistent Localized Broadcasting in VANETs , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[19]  Jacek Rak,et al.  LLA: A New Anypath Routing Scheme Providing Long Path Lifetime in VANETs , 2014, IEEE Communications Letters.

[20]  Bahman Abolhassani,et al.  An Adaptive Multipath Geographic Routing for Video Transmission in Urban VANETs , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[21]  Mubashir Husain Rehmani,et al.  ZGLS: a novel flat quorum-based and reliable location management protocol for VANETs , 2018, Wirel. Networks.

[22]  Kishor S. Trivedi,et al.  Design and Analysis of a Robust Broadcast Scheme for VANET Safety-Related Services , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[23]  Brad Karp,et al.  GPSR : Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless , 2000, MobiCom 2000.

[24]  Nadir Shah,et al.  Modeling Vehicles Mobility for Connectivity Analysis in VANET , 2016 .

[25]  Nadia N. Qadri,et al.  Video coding solutions for VANETs , 2012 .

[26]  Azzedine Boukerche,et al.  A Hybrid Video Dissemination Protocol for VANETs , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[27]  Fotini-Niovi Pavlidou,et al.  Investigating a Junction-Based Multipath Source Routing Algorithm for VANETs , 2013, IEEE Communications Letters.

[28]  D. Sutariya,et al.  An improved AODV routing protocol for VANETs in city scenarios , 2012, IEEE-International Conference On Advances In Engineering, Science And Management (ICAESM -2012).

[29]  Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar,et al.  Fuzzy Redundancy Adaptation and Joint Source - Network Coding for VANET Video Streaming , 2011, WWIC.

[30]  Manish Agarwal,et al.  A study on the feasibility of mobile gateways for vehicular ad-hoc networks , 2004, VANET '04.

[31]  Azzedine Boukerche,et al.  A Multipath Video Streaming Solution for Vehicular Networks with Link Disjoint and Node-disjoint , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.

[32]  S. Yousefi,et al.  Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs): Challenges and Perspectives , 2006, 2006 6th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications.

[33]  Xuemin Shen,et al.  Differentiated Reliable Routing in Hybrid Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[34]  Ahmed Mehaoua,et al.  Video transport over VANETs: Multi-stream coding with multi-path and network coding , 2010, IEEE Local Computer Network Conference.

[35]  M. S. Corson,et al.  A highly adaptive distributed routing algorithm for mobile wireless networks , 1997, Proceedings of INFOCOM '97.

[36]  Bu-Sung Lee,et al.  A Routing Strategy for Metropolis Vehicular Communications , 2004, ICOIN.

[37]  Azzedine Boukerche,et al.  MERVS: A Novel Multichannel Error Recovery Video Streaming Protocol for Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[38]  D. Sutariya,et al.  Evaluation of routing protocols for Vanets in city scenarios , 2011, 2011 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Networks and Computer Communications (ETNCC).

[39]  Mario Gerla,et al.  Fisheye state routing: a routing scheme for ad hoc wireless networks , 2000, 2000 IEEE International Conference on Communications. ICC 2000. Global Convergence Through Communications. Conference Record.

[40]  Ben-Jye Chang,et al.  Reliable robust data transmission for unreliable high mobility sensor-based VANETs , 2014, 2014 International Conference on Information Science, Electronics and Electrical Engineering.

[41]  Shie-Yuan Wang,et al.  A practical routing protocol for vehicle-formed mobile ad hoc networks on the roads , 2005 .

[42]  Aziz Mohaisen,et al.  Trading Optimality for Scalability in Large-Scale Opportunistic Routing , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[43]  Xuemin Shen,et al.  Impact of Network Dynamics on User's Video Quality: Analytical Framework and QoS Provision , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[44]  Martin Mauve,et al.  A routing strategy for vehicular ad hoc networks in city environments , 2003, IEEE IV2003 Intelligent Vehicles Symposium. Proceedings (Cat. No.03TH8683).

[45]  Liming Zheng,et al.  Research on Communications over VANET under Different Scenes and Implementation of Vehicle Terminal , 2012, 2012 8th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing.

[46]  Dirk Pesch,et al.  An Infrastructure Enhanced Geographic Routing Protocol for urban vehicular environments , 2013, 2013 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Wireless Vehicular Communications (WiVeC).

[47]  Kevin Curran,et al.  A Survey of Geographical Routing in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks , 2013, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[48]  L. Zhu,et al.  Geographic routing protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks in city scenarios: a proposal and analysis , 2014, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[49]  Hongke Zhang,et al.  QoE-Driven User-Centric VoD Services in Urban Multihomed P2P-Based Vehicular Networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[50]  Azzedine Boukerche,et al.  The use of Erasure Coding for video streaming unicast over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks , 2013, 38th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks.

[51]  Chih-Shun Hsu,et al.  Network mobility protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks , 2009, WCNC.

[52]  Abdelhamid Mellouk,et al.  QoS Swarm Bee Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[53]  Chia-Ching Yang,et al.  The K-hop Cooperative Video Streaming Protocol Using H.264/SVC Over the Hybrid Vehicular Networks , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[54]  Christian Lazo Ramirez,et al.  QoS in Vehicular and Intelligent Transport Networks Using Multipath Routing , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[55]  Yi-Ling Hsieh,et al.  A road-based QoS-aware multipath routing for urban vehicular ad hoc networks , 2012, 2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM).

[56]  Li Xiao,et al.  SADV: Static-Node-Assisted Adaptive Data Dissemination in Vehicular Networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.