HAZOP analysis, developed by the British Imperial Chemical Engineering (ICI) in the 1960s, is a approach for risk analysis and risk assessment [1]. Through continuous improvement and development, it has achieved great success in the risk analysis of the petrochemical industry. However, it is yet to be applied to the ship’s risk assessment. This paper will explore the use of HZAOP analysis for the risk assessment of the main engine of the 10000TEU Container Ship, and choose the fuel system of the main engine as the object for the research. Through the HAZOP analysis we can establish the risk of pre-control guidance system for the relevant managers to provide the necessary security and technical support. And to enhance the safe operation level of the 10000TEU container ships.