Broadband reduction of the specular reflections by using sonic crystals:: a proof of concept for noise mitigation in aerospace applications

Abstract The broadband reduction of the specular reflections by sonic crystals (SCs) is theoretically and experimentally reported in this work. The analysed system consists of a sound source radiating a SC made of acoustically rigid scatterers embedded in water partially covering an open cavity. By comparison with a reference flat reflector, we observe that reflected waves spread in space as a consequence of the spatially modulated properties of the SC. Moreover, due to the different working frequency ranges of the SC a significant noise reduction is produced in a broadband region. Therefore, due to the spreading of the reflected waves, the system produces a broadband noise reduction in the area of the source. In particular, the noise reduction is close to 2 dB for the two octaves emitted by our source, which represents a decrease of 37 % of the acoustic energy. The results shown in this work constitute a proof of concept for the use of SCs as broadband-noise reduction systems at the launch pad. An approach to the geometry of the Vega launch vehicle the European Space Agency is proposed and the limitations of the study are discussed.

[1]  V. M. García-Chocano,et al.  Anomalous sound absorption in lattices of cylindrical perforated shells , 2015 .

[2]  David G. Zimcik,et al.  Feedforward Piezoelectric Structural Control: An Application to Aircraft Cabin Noise Reduction , 2001 .

[3]  Mir Md. Maruf Morshed,et al.  Investigation of external acoustic loadings on a launch vehicle fairing during lift-off. , 2008 .

[4]  M. M. Sigalas,et al.  Elastic wave band gaps and defect states in two-dimensional composites , 1997 .

[5]  Satyanarayanan R. Chakravarthy,et al.  Suppression of High Mach Number Rocket Jet Noise by Water Injection , 2009 .

[6]  A. B. Kuznetsov,et al.  Problem of intensity reduction of acoustic fields generated by gas-dynamic jets of motors of the rocket-launch vehicles at launch , 2015 .

[7]  Angelo Farina,et al.  Simultaneous Measurement of Impulse Response and Distortion with a Swept-Sine Technique , 2000 .

[8]  Georges Elias,et al.  Acoustic Environment of the VEGA Launch Vehicle at Lift-Off , 2005 .

[9]  Seiji Tsutsumi,et al.  Effect of Deflector Shape on Acoustic Field of Launch Vehicle at Lift-off , 2009 .

[10]  M. Kandula.  Sound Radiation from a Supersonic Jet Passing Through a Partially Open Exhaust Duct , 2011 .

[11]  L. Garcia-Raffi,et al.  Evidences of evanescent Bloch waves in phononic crystals , 2010, 1001.3793.

[12]  Rogério Pirk,et al.  Acoustics and Vibro-Acoustics Applied in Space Industry , 2013 .

[13]  Michaela Herr,et al.  Research at DLR towards airframe noise prediction and reduction , 2008 .

[14]  Joachim Bös,et al.  Smart interfaces and semi-active vibration absorber for noise reduction in vehicle structures , 2008 .

[15]  J. Redondo,et al.  Sound diffusers based on sonic crystals. , 2013, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[16]  J. V. Sánchez-Pérez,et al.  Acoustic barriers based on periodic arrays of scatterers , 2002 .

[17]  Seiji Tsutsumi,et al.  Study on Acoustic Prediction and Reduction of Epsilon Launch Vehicle at Liftoff , 2015 .

[18]  Wave focusing using symmetry matching in axisymmetric acoustic gradient index lenses , 2013, 1309.4586.

[19]  Jorge P. Arenas,et al.  NOISE AND VIBRATION OF SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES , 2006 .

[20]  Miss A.O. Penney.  (b) , 1974, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[21]  R. Martínez-Sala,et al.  SOUND ATTENUATION BY A TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY OF RIGID CYLINDERS , 1998 .

[22]  Franco Mastroddi,et al.  Vibro-Acoustic Response Analysis to Pressure Oscillations in a Solid Rocket Motor – Comparisons with the Experimental Fire-Test Data , 2007 .

[23]  Moataz M. Attallah,et al.  Microstructure and tensile properties of selectively laser-melted and of HIPed laser-melted Ti–6Al–4V , 2013 .

[24]  Vincent Tournat,et al.  Tunable acoustic waveguides in periodic arrays made of rigid square-rod scatterers: theory and experimental realization , 2013 .

[25]  Chae Hoon Sohn,et al.  A comparative study on acoustic damping induced by half-wave, quarter-wave, and Helmholtz resonators , 2011 .

[26]  Kestutis Staliunas,et al.  Theoretical prediction of the nondiffractive propagation of sonic waves through periodic acoustic media , 2007 .

[27]  Steven A. Lane,et al.  Chamber Core Structures for Fairing Acoustic Mitigation , 2007 .

[28]  Gian Luca Ghiringhelli,et al.  Improvement of structures vibroacoustics by widespread embodiment of viscoelastic materials , 2013 .

[29]  Max Kandula.  Broadband Shock Noise Reduction in Turbulent Jets by Water Injection , 2009 .

[30]  Daniel Torrent,et al.  Effective parameters of clusters of cylinders embedded in a nonviscous fluid or gas , 2006 .

[31]  John B. Shoven,et al.  I , Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal.

[32]  V. Romero-García,et al.  Angular Band Gaps in Sonic Crystals: Evanescent Waves and Spatial Complex Dispersion Relation , 2013 .

[33]  R. Martínez-Sala,et al.  Sound attenuation by sculpture , 1995, Nature.

[34]  Max Kandula,et al.  Prediction of Turbulent Jet Mixing Noise Reduction by Water Injection , 2008 .

[35]  V. Romero-Garc'ia,et al.  Tunable wideband bandstop acoustic filter based on 2D multi-physical phenomena periodic systems , 2011, 1102.1593.

[36]  Jamal F. Nayfeh,et al.  Rocket Launch-Induced Vibration and Ignition Overpressure Response , 2001 .

[37]  V. Romero-García,et al.  Formation of collimated sound beams by three-dimensional sonic crystals , 2011, 1111.6382.

[38]  V. Laude,et al.  Phononic crystal diffraction gratings , 2012 .

[39]  Damiano Casalino,et al.  Aircraft noise reduction technologies: A bibliographic review , 2008 .

[40]  T. Sundararajan,et al.  Investigation on the Ignition Over Pressure Related to Launch Vehicle Lift-off , 2013 .

[41]  K. Staliunas,et al.  Spatial filtering of sound beams by sonic crystals , 2010 .

[42]  Louise L. Strutzenberg,et al.  Development of Modeling Capabilities for Launch Pad Acoustics and Ignition Transient Environment Prediction , 2012 .

[43]  Manfred R. Schroeder,et al.  Acoustic Absorbers and Diffusers, Theory, design and application , 2002 .

[44]  Lakshmi Venkatakrishnan,et al.  Turbulence and noise suppression of a high-speed jet by water injection , 2003, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.