Friction control with a graft layer of a thermo-sensing polymer

The lubricating mechanism of surfaces grafted with poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM) was investigated with a thrust collar apparatus. The coefficient of friction increases with temperature rise, because PNIPAAM changes its surface property from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Conversely the friction coefficient decreases with temperature fall. The role of water in lubrication is discussed based on the experimental result that the thickness of the graft layer decreases with temperature rise. A new technology is presented to control friction in water environments.