Generation of a vector doughnut beam from an internal mirror He-Ne laser.

We demonstrate the direct generation of a vector doughnut mode from an internal mirror He-Ne laser using the spot defect method. A circular-shaped spot defect of ∼30 μm in diameter with low reflectivity created on the inner surface of a cavity mirror by laser ablation suppressed the oscillation of a Gaussian beam resulting in the oscillation of a doughnut beam. Polarization investigation showed that the generated beam was a vector hybrid mode.

[1]  Y. Kozawa,et al.  Polarization singularities in superposition of vector beams. , 2013, Optics express.

[2]  Shunichi Sato,et al.  Generation of a Purely Single Transverse Mode Vortex Beam from a He-Ne Laser Cavity with a Spot-Defect Mirror , 2012 .

[3]  A. Meixner,et al.  Light microscopy with doughnut modes: a concept to detect, characterize, and manipulate individual nanoobjects. , 2011, Angewandte Chemie.

[4]  Akihiko Ito,et al.  Generation of hollow scalar and vector beams using a spot-defect mirror. , 2010, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[5]  Ryuji Morita,et al.  Metal microneedle fabrication using twisted light with spin. , 2010, Optics express.

[6]  Q. Zhan.  Cylindrical vector beams: from mathematical concepts to applications , 2009 .

[7]  P. Dedecker,et al.  Orientational effects in the excitation and de-excitation of single molecules interacting with donut-mode laser beams. , 2007, Optics express.

[8]  Kishan Dholakia,et al.  Atom guiding along high order Laguerre–Gaussian light beams formed by spatial light modulation , 2006 .

[9]  P. Munro,et al.  The use of Gauss-Laguerre vector beams in STED microscopy. , 2004, Optics express.

[10]  V. T. Chitnis,et al.  Polarization properties of multimode internal mirror He-Ne lasers , 1982 .

[11]  Ester K. Halse.  Polarization properties of He-Ne-lasers , 1979 .

[12]  D. Lenstra.  On the theory of polarization effects in gas lasers , 1979 .

[13]  W. V. Haeringen.  Polarization Properties of a Single-Mode Operating Gas Laser in a Small Axial Magnetic Field , 1967 .