Ketamine‐Gallamine Anesthesia for Great‐Vessel Operations in Infants

Ten male and 5 female infants received ketamine anesthesia for palliative surgical treatment of congenital cardiac anomalies with severe right-to-left shunt. Gallamine was used for muscular relaxation and 100 percent oxygen was given by inhalation first through a face mask, then via an endotracheal tube. Only 2 cases of bradycardia, which responded promptly to epinephrine without the development of arrhythmias, occurred. The state of consciousness at the time the surgical procedure was completed was comparable to that found with other agents. Mechanical ventilation, for reasons unrelated to anesthesia, was required in only 2 patients. Transient bradycardia was only encountered in 2 and asystole in none of the patients. There were 2 postoperative deaths.

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