Application of Box-Behnken design for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Paeonia emodi.

The objective of the present work was to study the ultrasonic assisted extraction and optimization of polysaccharides from Paeonia emodi and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory response. Specifically, the optimization of polysaccharides was carried out using Box-Behnken statistical experimental design. Response surface methodology (RSM) of three factors (extraction temperature, extraction time and liquid solid ratio) was employed to optimize the percentage yield of the polysaccharides. The experimental data were fitted to quadratic response surface models using multiple regression analysis with high coefficient of determination value (R) of 0.9906. The highest polysaccharide yield (8.69%) as per the Derringer's desirability prediction tool was obtained under the optimal extraction condition (extraction temperature 47.03 °C, extraction time 15.68 min, and liquid solid ratio 1.29 ml/g) with a desirability value of 0.98. These optimized values of tested parameters were validated under similar conditions (n = 6), an average of 8.13 ± 2.08% of polysaccharide yield was obtained in an optimized extraction conditions with 93.55% validity. The anti-inflammatory effect of polysaccharides of P. emodi were studied on carrageenan induced paw edema. In vivo results showed that the P. emodi 200mg/kg of polysaccharide extract exhibited strong potential against inflammatory response induced by 1% suspension of carrageenean in normal saline.

[1]  Fengshan Wang,et al.  Anticancer polysaccharides from natural resources: a review of recent research. , 2012, Carbohydrate polymers.

[2]  S. Ferreira,et al.  Box-Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods. , 2007, Analytica chimica acta.

[3]  Jianping Gao,et al.  Preparation and characteristics of oxidized potato starch films , 2009 .

[4]  Chen Wei,et al.  Optimization of extraction process of crude polysaccharides from wild edible BaChu mushroom by response surface methodology , 2008 .

[5]  M. D. Luque de Castro,et al.  Ultrasound: a powerful tool for leaching , 2003 .

[6]  Wen Huang,et al.  Optimised ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Folium eucommiae and evaluation of antioxidant activity in multi-test systems in vitro , 2009 .

[7]  G. Mazza,et al.  Optimisation of antioxidant activity of grape cane extracts using response surface methodology , 2010 .

[8]  F. Shahidi,et al.  Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat using response surface methodology , 2005 .

[9]  Poonam Singh Nee Nigam,et al.  A response surface approach for the comparison of lipase production by Candida cylindracea using two different carbon sources , 2001 .

[10]  Kaan Yetilmezsoy,et al.  Response surface modeling of Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution by Pistacia vera L.: Box-Behnken experimental design. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[11]  Christophe Gourdon,et al.  Investigation in solid-liquid extraction: influence of ultrasound , 2002 .

[12]  M. Vinatoru,et al.  Investigation of the effects of ultrasound on vegetal tissues during solvent extraction. , 2001, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[13]  Jie Yang,et al.  Protective effect of a polysaccharide from stem of Codonopsis pilosula against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. , 2012, Carbohydrate polymers.

[14]  T. Zhu,et al.  Optimization of crude polysaccharides extraction from Hizikia fusiformis using response surface methodology. , 2010 .

[15]  Donghong Liu,et al.  Effects of different factors of ultrasound treatment on the extraction yield of the all-trans-β-carotene from citrus peels. , 2011, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[16]  Robert L. Mason,et al.  Statistical Design and Analysis of Experiments , 2003 .

[17]  Hong Ye,et al.  Extraction optimized by using response surface methodology, purification and preliminary characterization of polysaccharides from Hyriopsis cumingii , 2009 .

[18]  G. Derringer,et al.  Simultaneous Optimization of Several Response Variables , 1980 .

[19]  Ajaz Ahmad,et al.  Use of response surface methodology for development of new microwell-based spectrophotometric method for determination of atrovastatin calcium in tablets , 2012, Chemistry Central Journal.

[20]  A. R. S. Souza Brito,et al.  Oral anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activities of a hydroalcoholic extract and partitioned fractions of Turnera ulmifolia (Turneraceae). , 1998, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[21]  X. Miao,et al.  Extraction and bioactivity of polygonatum polysaccharides. , 2013, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[22]  P. Bateman,et al.  The role of polyphosphoinositides and their breakdown products in A23187-induced release of arachidonic acid from rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes. , 1986, The Biochemical journal.

[23]  Yulin Huang,et al.  Optimization of Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Areca Husk , 2014 .

[24]  B. Zargar,et al.  Paeonia emodi Royle: Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology , 2013 .

[25]  H. -. Kim,et al.  Effect of ultrasound irradiation on solvent extraction process , 2009 .

[26]  Z. Shinwari,et al.  Medicinal and other useful plants of District Swat, Pakistan , 2003 .

[27]  M. A. Prado,et al.  Extraction optimization for antioxidant phenolic compounds in red grape jam using ultrasound with a response surface methodology. , 2012, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[28]  K. Thirugnanasambandham,et al.  Box-Behnken design based statistical modeling for ultrasound-assisted extraction of corn silk polysaccharide. , 2013, Carbohydrate polymers.

[29]  Zhi Ying,et al.  Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves. , 2011, Food chemistry.

[30]  R. Brooks,et al.  Canine carrageenin-induced acute paw inflammation model and its response to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. , 1991, Journal of pharmacological methods.

[31]  S. Ramalingam,et al.  Application of response surface methodology to optimize the process variables for Reactive Red and Acid Brown dye removal using a novel adsorbent , 2006 .