The purpose of this research was to investigate how various distance-learning technologies affect student learning in a high-level course in the military. This training comprised three phases: asynchronous, synchronous, and residential instruction. Initial site visits indicated that this course was extensively planned and supported. At the end of one training course experience, two focus groups of students, as well as three instructors and the course advisor, were interviewed about their on-line experiences. Each group mentioned distinct advantages and disadvantages of the different components of the course. For example, on-line learning appeared to allow for greater and timelier feedback, authentic and meaningful learning, problem-solving, communication, and convenience. At the same time, participants noted several problems including the lack of learning management system flexibility, technology downtime, and overwhelming tool choices and content to learn. They also felt that the time commitments of the program resulted in many students dropping out of the program. Ten key Web-based instruction considerations or issues mentioned across participants related to feedback; meaningfulness of content; content size; course development and organization; the role of the on-line instructor; structuring small groups; flexible and active learning; use of technology; assessment practices; and general skills such as on-line communication, problem-solving, and teamwork. Participants offered many relevant recommendations for fine-tuning this program as well as building similar programs.
L’objectif de cette etude etait d’etudier comment diverses technologies d’apprentissage a distance influent sur l’apprentissage des etudiants dans un cours de haut niveau dans l’armee. Cette formation comprenait trois phases : asynchrone, synchrone et formation en presentiel. Des visites initiales de sites indiquaient que ce cours etait tres bien planifie et encadre. Au terme de l’experience de suivre ce cours de formation, deux groupes de discussion composes d’etudiants ainsi que de trois formateurs et du conseiller pedagogique du cours ont ete interviewes sur leur experience en ligne. Chaque groupe a mentionne des avantages et des desavantages des differentes composantes du cours. Par exemple, l’apprentissage en ligne a semble faciliter des retroactions plus importantes et opportunes, un apprentissage authentique et signifiant, la resolution de problemes, la communication et de la commodite. En meme temps, les participants ont note plusieurs problemes incluant le manque de flexibilite du systeme de gestion de l’apprentissage, les pannes technologiques ainsi qu’un choix trop grand d’outils et des contenus trop lourds. Ils ont aussi exprime l’opinion que les exigences elevees en temps que demandent le programme ont amene plusieurs etudiants a l’abandonner. Les diix considerations-cles de la formation en ligne mentionnes par les participants touchent la retroaction, la coherence du contenu, la taille du contenu, le developpement du cours et l’organisation, le role du formateur en ligne, l’organisation des petits groupes, l’apprentissage souple et dynamique, l’utilisation de la technologie, les pratiques d’evaluation et les habiletes generales telles que la communication en ligne, la resolution de problemes et le travail en equipe. Les participants ont fait plusieurs recommandations pertinentes pour ameliorer ce programme ainsi que pour construire des programmes similaires.
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