Temperature-induced Coulomb excitations in rhombohedral 3D graphene

Low-energy electronic properties of rhombohedral graphite with ABC stacking are studied by the tight-binding model. There are linear and parabolic bands with and without degeneracy. They show strongly anisotropic dispersions. Rhombohedral graphite is a semimetal due to slight overlapping near the Fermi level between conduction and valence bands. The interlayer interactions could change the energy dispersion, state degeneracy, and positions of band-crossing and band-edge state. Density of states exhibit a shoulder structure, owing to band-edge states near or at high symmetric points. Low-frequency Coulomb excitation properties with different transferred momenta (q′s) are further studied within the random phase approximation. The Landau dampings is too serious under the parallel transferred momentum (q ⊥ ẑ); therefore, it is impossible to observe the 3D optical plasmons. However, even for the perpendicular transferred momentum (q ‖ ẑ), the full assistance due to the thermal excitations is necessary to induce the collective charge oscillations along the z-axis. The height and position of temperature-induced plasmon peak in the energy loss spectrum are greatly enhanced by the increasing temperature, but weakly depend on the various transferred momenta. These features are very different from AAand AB-stacked graphites. E-mail address : giorgio@mail.nknu.edu.tw

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