Isolation of a novel lodging resistance QTL gene involved in strigolactone signaling and its pyramiding with a QTL gene involved in another mechanism.

Lodging has been a major roadblock to attaining increased crop productivity. In an attempt to understand the mechanism for culm strength in rice, we isolated an effective quantitative trait loci (QTL), STRONG CULM3 (SCM3), the causal gene of which is identical to rice TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (OsTB1), a gene previously reported to positively control strigolactone (SL) signaling. A near-isogenic line (NIL) carrying SCM3 showed enhanced culm strength and increased spikelet number despite the expected decrease in tiller number, indicating that SL also has a positive role in enhancing culm strength and spikelet number. We produced a pyramiding line carrying SCM3 and SCM2, another QTL encoding APO1 involved in panicle development. The NIL-SCM2+SCM3 showed a much stronger culm than NIL-SCM2 and NIL-SCM3 and an increased spikelet number caused by the additive effect of these QTLs. We discuss the importance of utilizing suitable alleles of these STRONG CULM QTLs without inducing detrimental traits for breeding.

[1]  Makoto Matsuoka,et al.  New Approach to Increasing Rice Lodging Resistance and Biomass Yield Through the Use of High Gibberellin Producing Varieties , 2014, PloS one.

[2]  K. Chong,et al.  The interaction between OsMADS57 and OsTB1 modulates rice tillering via DWARF14 , 2013, Nature Communications.

[3]  Jing-Jing Zhang,et al.  OsLEC1/OsHAP3E participates in the determination of meristem identity in both vegetative and reproductive developments of rice. , 2013, Journal of integrative plant biology.

[4]  H. Yoshida,et al.  Inflorescence Meristem Identity in Rice Is Specified by Overlapping Functions of Three AP1/FUL-Like MADS Box Genes and PAP2, a SEPALLATA MADS Box Gene[C][W] , 2012, Plant Cell.

[5]  Tadashi Hirasawa,et al.  New approach for rice improvement using a pleiotropic QTL gene for lodging resistance and yield , 2010, Nature communications.

[6]  Atsushi Hanada,et al.  FINE CULM1 (FC1) Works Downstream of Strigolactones to Inhibit the Outgrowth of Axillary Buds in Rice , 2010, Plant & cell physiology.

[7]  T. Hirasawa,et al.  Biomass Production and Lodging Resistance in ‘Leaf Star’, a New Long-Culm Rice Forage Cultivar , 2010 .

[8]  Shinjiro Yamaguchi,et al.  d14, a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice, shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers. , 2009, Plant & cell physiology.

[9]  S. Iida,et al.  Expression Level of ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION1 Determines Rice Inflorescence Form through Control of Cell Proliferation in the Meristem1[W] , 2009, Plant Physiology.

[10]  Jean-Charles Portais,et al.  Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching , 2008, Nature.

[11]  Y. Kamiya,et al.  Inhibition of shoot branching by new terpenoid plant hormones , 2008, Nature.

[12]  Hitoshi Sakakibara,et al.  DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice. , 2007, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[13]  Romeo M. Visperas,et al.  Lodging-related morphological traits of hybrid rice in a tropical irrigated ecosystem , 2007 .

[14]  Qi Xie,et al.  The rice HIGH-TILLERING DWARF1 encoding an ortholog of Arabidopsis MAX3 is required for negative regulation of the outgrowth of axillary buds. , 2006, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[15]  Rainer Breitling,et al.  RankProd: a bioconductor package for detecting differentially expressed genes in meta-analysis , 2006, Bioinform..

[16]  M. Kawase,et al.  Development of an RFLP-based Rice Diversity Research Set of Germplasm , 2005 .

[17]  Y. Nagato,et al.  ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 1 temporally regulates meristem identity in rice. , 2005, Developmental biology.

[18]  K. Nemoto,et al.  Size and Activity of Shoot Apical Meristems as Determinants of Floret Number in Rice Panicles , 2005 .

[19]  Rainer Breitling,et al.  Rank products: a simple, yet powerful, new method to detect differentially regulated genes in replicated microarray experiments , 2004, FEBS letters.

[20]  Makoto Matsuoka,et al.  The OsTB1 gene negatively regulates lateral branching in rice. , 2003, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[21]  S. Peng,et al.  Four Decades of Breeding for Varietal Improvement of Irrigated Lowland Rice in the International Rice Research Institute , 2003 .

[22]  Martin Vingron,et al.  Variance stabilization applied to microarray data calibration and to the quantification of differential expression , 2002, ISMB.

[23]  I. Takamure,et al.  Effects of the Dwarfing Gene Originating from ‘Dee-geo-woo-gen’ on Yield and its Related Traits in Rice , 2002 .

[24]  G. S. Khush,et al.  Green revolution: A mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice , 2002, Nature.

[25]  T. Horie,et al.  Relationship between the Size of the Apical Dome at the Panicle Initiation and the Panicle Components in Rice , 2001 .

[26]  Kenneth G. Cassman,et al.  Grain yield of rice cultivars and lines developed in the Philippines since 1966 , 2000 .

[27]  G. Khush.  Green revolution: preparing for the 21st century. , 1999, Genome.

[28]  A. Börner,et al.  Optimizing wheat grain yield: effects of Rht (gibberellin-insensitive) dwarfing genes , 1997, The Journal of Agricultural Science.

[29]  M. Murai,et al.  Effects of Major Genes Controlling Morphology of Panicle in Rice , 1994 .

[30]  T. Ookawa,et al.  Varietal difference of physical characteristics of the culm related to lodging resistance in paddy rice , 1992 .

[31]  K. Wada,et al.  Studies on Morphogenesis in Rice Plants. : 3. Interrelation of the growth among leaves, panicle and internodes, and a histological observation on the meristem of culm. , 1968 .