Toward A Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

[1]  J. Bowlby A Secure Base: Parent-Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development , 2008 .

[2]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Self-determination and persistence in a real-life setting: toward a motivational model of high school dropout. , 1997, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[3]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Social context, student's motivation, and academic achievement: Toward a process model , 1996 .

[4]  Robert J. Vallerand,et al.  Supervisors' Beliefs and Subordinates' Intrinsic Motivation: A Behavioral Confirmation Analysis , 1996 .

[5]  R. Koestner,et al.  Distinguishing Reactive versus Reflective AutonomY , 1996 .

[6]  Marianne Miserandino,et al.  Children Who Do Well in School: Individual Differences in Perceived Competence and Autonomy in Above-Average Children , 1996 .

[7]  Jean F. Fournier,et al.  Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Psychological Skills Training on the Motivation, Preparation, and Putting Performance of Novice Golfers , 1996 .

[8]  Terry L. Schell,et al.  Testing a Hierarchical Model of Self-Knowledge , 1996 .

[9]  R. Koestner,et al.  Identified and introjected forms of political internalization: extending self-determination theory. , 1996, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[10]  E. Deci,et al.  Internalization of biopsychosocial values by medical students: a test of self-determination theory. , 1996, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[11]  A. Stewart,et al.  Antecedents and contexts of generativity motivation at midlife. , 1996, Psychology and aging.

[12]  R. Koestner,et al.  On the Compatibility of Autonomy and Relatedness , 1996 .

[13]  J. Harackiewicz,et al.  Approach and avoidance achievement goals and intrinsic motivation: A mediational analysis. , 1996 .

[14]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Elements of the Competitive Situation that Affect Intrinsic Motivation , 1996 .

[15]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Motivation in Later Life: Theory and Assessment , 1995, International journal of aging & human development.

[16]  R. Ryan,et al.  Psychological needs and the facilitation of integrative processes. , 1995, Journal of personality.

[17]  Robert A Emmons,et al.  Levels and domains in personality: an introduction. , 1995, Journal of personality.

[18]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Academic Motivation and School Performance: Toward a Structural Model , 1995 .

[19]  R. Baumeister,et al.  The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. , 1995, Psychological bulletin.

[20]  Lisa M. Baker,et al.  False consensus effects for the 1992 Canadian referendum , 1995 .

[21]  R. J. Vallerand,et al.  Loisirs et santé mentale: les relations entre la motivation pour la pratique des loisirs et le bien-être psychologique. , 1995 .

[22]  M. Blais,et al.  Toward a New Measure of Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Motivation, and Amotivation in Sports: The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) , 1995 .

[23]  Kennon M. Sheldon,et al.  Coherence and congruence: two aspects of personality integration. , 1995, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[24]  Ellen A. Skinner,et al.  Perceived Control, Motivation, & Coping , 1995 .

[25]  Robert J. Vallerand,et al.  Competitive and recreational sport structures and gender: a test of their relationship with sport motivation , 1995 .

[26]  B. Roberts,et al.  One personality, multiple selves: integrating personality and social roles. , 1994, Journal of personality.

[27]  Teresa M. Amabile,et al.  The Work Preference Inventory: Assessing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Orientations , 1994 .

[28]  E. Deci,et al.  Facilitating internalization: the self-determination theory perspective. , 1994, Journal of personality.

[29]  Teresa M. Amabile,et al.  Motivational synergy: Toward new conceptualizations of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the workplace , 1993 .

[30]  R. Ryan,et al.  Two types of religious internalization and their relations to religious orientations and mental health. , 1993, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[31]  R. Vallerand,et al.  A motivational model of leisure participation in the elderly. , 1993, The Journal of psychology.

[32]  Evelyne F. Vallières,et al.  On the Assessment of Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Amotivation in Education: Evidence on the Concurrent and Construct Validity of the Academic Motivation Scale , 1993 .

[33]  Evelyne F. Vallières,et al.  The Academic Motivation Scale: A Measure of Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Amotivation in Education , 1992 .

[34]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Beyond the intrinsic-extrinsic dichotomy: Self-determination in motivation and learning , 1992 .

[35]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivational styles as predictors of behavior: A prospective study. , 1992 .

[36]  S. Harter,et al.  Trait vs. nontrait conceptualizations of intrinsic/extrinsic motivational orientation , 1992 .

[37]  M. Lepper,et al.  A desire to be taught: Instructional consequences of intrinsic motivation , 1992 .

[38]  J. Haworth,et al.  Work, leisure, and psychological well-being in a sample of young adults , 1992 .

[39]  M. Lepper,et al.  Effects of fantasy contexts on children's learning and motivation: making learning more fun. , 1992, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[40]  Frank J. Bernieri,et al.  Self-Regulation and Consistency between Attitudes, Traits, and Behaviors , 1992 .

[41]  M. Maehr Advances in Motivation and Achievement , 1991 .

[42]  D. B. Matthews The Effects of School Environment on Intrinsic Motivation of Middle-School Children , 1991 .

[43]  E. Deci,et al.  Ego-involved persistence: When free-choice behavior is not intrinsically motivated , 1991 .

[44]  M. Csíkszentmihályi,et al.  Motivation and academic achievement: the effects of personality traits and the quality of experience. , 1991, Journal of personality.

[45]  E. Deci,et al.  Motivation and Education: The Self-Determination Perspective , 2008 .

[46]  J. Whitehead,et al.  Youth fitness testing: the effect of percentile-based evaluative feedback on intrinsic motivation. , 1991, Research quarterly for exercise and sport.

[47]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Construction et Validation de L'échelle de Motivation Pour Les Personnes Áées (EMPA) , 1991 .

[48]  E H Wagner,et al.  Evaluation of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation interventions with a self-help smoking cessation program. , 1991, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[49]  Jonathon D. Brown,et al.  The Self and Social Conduct: Linking Self-Representations to Prosocial Behavior , 1991 .

[50]  Stéphane Sabourin,et al.  Toward a motivational model of couple happiness , 1990 .

[51]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Construction et validation de l'chelle de Satisfaction dans les tudes (ESDE). , 1990 .

[52]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Religious motivation in the elderly: a French-Canadian replication and an extension. , 1990, Journal of Social Psychology.

[53]  M. Blais,et al.  Significance, structure, and gender differences in life domains of college students , 1990 .

[54]  R. Ryan,et al.  Perceived locus of causality and internalization: examining reasons for acting in two domains. , 1989, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[55]  E. Deci,et al.  Self-determination in a work organization. , 1989 .

[56]  R. Vallerand,et al.  MOTIVATION IN THE ELDERLY: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND SOME PROMISING FINDINGS , 1989 .

[57]  R. J. Vallerand,et al.  Construction et validation de I'echelle de motivation en educa- tion (EME) , 1989 .

[58]  Beth A. Hennessey,et al.  The effect of extrinsic constraints on children's creativity while using a computer , 1989 .

[59]  M. Csíkszentmihályi,et al.  Optimal experience in work and leisure. , 1989, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[60]  Edward McAuley,et al.  The Effects of Subjective and Objective Competitive Outcomes on Intrinsic Motivation , 1989 .

[61]  J. Meece,et al.  Students' goal orientations and cognitive engagement in classroom activities , 1988 .

[62]  Robert J. Vallerand,et al.  On the relative effects of positive and negative verbal feedback on males' and females' intrinsic motivation. , 1988 .

[63]  C. Dweck,et al.  A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality , 1988 .

[64]  F. Richer,et al.  On the use of the Causal Dimension Scale in a field setting: A test with confirmatory factor analysis in success and failure situations. , 1988 .

[65]  E. Deci,et al.  The support of autonomy and the control of behavior. , 1987, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[66]  J. Connell,et al.  Children's intrinsic, extrinsic and internalized motivation: A developmental study of children's reasons for liked and disliked behaviours , 1987 .

[67]  J A Epstein,et al.  Attributional processes in behavior change and maintenance: smoking cessation and continued abstinence. , 1987, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[68]  R. Ryan,et al.  Autonomy in children's learning: an experimental and individual difference investigation. , 1987, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[69]  P. Linville,et al.  Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression. , 1987, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[70]  C. Sansone The effects of competence and task feedback on intrinsic interest , 1986 .

[71]  Robert J. Vallerand,et al.  Negative Effects of Competition on Children's Intrinsic Motivation , 1986 .

[72]  J. R. Larson,et al.  Managing motivation: The impact of supervisor feedback on subordinate task interest. , 1986 .

[73]  D. Main,et al.  Enhancing interest in peer interaction: a developmental analysis. , 1986, Child development.

[74]  Robert J. Vallerand,et al.  Effects of zero-sum competition on children's intrinsic motivation and perceived competence , 1986 .

[75]  R. Ryan,et al.  PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Origins and Pawns in the Classroom: Self-Report and Projective Assessments of Individual Differences in Children's Perceptions , 1986 .

[76]  M. Barrett,et al.  Performance and motivational deficits of helplessness: the role of motivational orientations. , 1985, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[77]  A. E. Gottfried,et al.  Academic Intrinsic Motivation in Elementary and Junior High School Students. , 1985 .

[78]  A. Bandura Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory , 1985 .

[79]  A. Carrón,et al.  The Development of an Instrument to Assess Cohesion in Sport Teams: The Group Environment Questionnaire , 1985 .

[80]  J. G. Holmes,et al.  Trust in close relationships. , 1985 .

[81]  E. Deci,et al.  The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality , 1985 .

[82]  Teresa M. Amabile,et al.  Motivation and Creativity: Effects of Motivational Orientation on Creative Writers , 1985 .

[83]  E. Deci,et al.  Quality of Learning With an Active Versus Passive Motivational Set , 1984 .

[84]  Frank J. Bernieri,et al.  Setting limits on children's behavior: The differential effects of controlling vs. informational styles on intrinsic motivation and creativity , 1984 .

[85]  Carol Sansone,et al.  Rewarding pinball wizardry: Effects of evaluation and cue value on intrinsic interest , 1984 .

[86]  J. Nicholls Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance. , 1984 .

[87]  J. Fleishman,et al.  Personality characteristics and coping patterns. , 1984 .

[88]  Jean Lloyd,et al.  Intrinsic intellectuality: Its relations to social class, intelligence, and achievement. , 1984 .

[89]  R. Vallerand,et al.  On the causal effects of perceived competence on intrinsic motivation: A test of cognitive evaluation theory. , 1984 .

[90]  W. James The principles of psychology , 1983 .

[91]  R. D. Charms Personal Causation: The Internal Affective Determinants of Behavior , 1983 .

[92]  Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,et al.  Measuring intrinsic motivation in everyday life , 1983 .

[93]  T. Pittman,et al.  School experience, reward characteristics, and intrinsic motivation. , 1982 .

[94]  R. Ryan,et al.  Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory. , 1982 .

[95]  Thane S. Pittman,et al.  Intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations: Reward-induced changes in preference for complexity. , 1982 .

[96]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  An Instrument to Assess Adults' Orientations toward Control versus Autonomy with Children: Reflections on Intrinsic Motivation and Perceived Competence. , 1981 .

[97]  S. Harter A new self-report scale of intrinsic versus extrinsic orientation in the classroom: Motivational and informational components. , 1981 .

[98]  E. Deci,et al.  When Trying to Win , 1981 .

[99]  L. Wankel,et al.  The Effects of Perceived Activity Choice upon Frequency of Exercise Behavior , 1980 .

[100]  N. A. Kramer,et al.  Informational versus Controlling Verbal Rewards , 1980 .

[101]  M. Zanna,et al.  Effects of salience of extrinsic rewards on liking and loving. , 1980 .

[102]  J. Olley,et al.  The Effect of External Reward on Interest and Quality of Task Performance in Children of High and Low Intrinsic Motivation. , 1979 .

[103]  V. McLoyd The Effects of Extrinsic Rewards of Differential Value on High and Low Intrinsic Interest. , 1979 .

[104]  A. Garibaldi,et al.  Affective Contributions of Cooperative and Group Goal Structures. , 1979 .

[105]  S. Maddi,et al.  An Alienation Test , 1979 .

[106]  Donald B. Rubin,et al.  Interpersonal expectancy effects: the first 345 studies , 1978, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[107]  E. Deci,et al.  On the Importance of Self-Determination for Intrinsically-Motivated Behavior , 1978 .

[108]  Cynthia D. Fisher,et al.  The effects of personal control, competence, and extrinsic reward systems on intrinsic motivation , 1978 .

[109]  M. Seligman,et al.  Learned helplessness in humans: critique and reformulation. , 1978, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[110]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. , 1977 .

[111]  Thane S. Pittman,et al.  Initiating Play Activity of Children: The Moderating Influence of Verbal Cues on Intrinsic Motivation. , 1977 .

[112]  A. Bandura Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. , 1977, Psychological review.

[113]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  The hidden costs of rewards , 1976 .

[114]  R. Shavelson,et al.  Self-Concept: Validation of Construct Interpretations , 1976 .

[115]  David W. Johnson,et al.  Effects of cooperative versus individualized instruction on student prosocial behavior, attitudes toward learning, and achievement. , 1976 .

[116]  M. Csíkszentmihályi Beyond boredom and anxiety , 1975 .

[117]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior , 1975, Perspectives in Social Psychology.

[118]  Mark R. Lepper,et al.  Turning play into work: Effects of adult surveillance and extrinsic rewards on children's intrinsic motivation. , 1975 .

[119]  D. Berlyne Aesthetics and psychobiology , 1975 .

[120]  N. Azrin,et al.  Reciprocity counseling: a rapid learning-based procedure for martial counseling. , 1973, Behaviour research and therapy.

[121]  R. Nisbett,et al.  Undermining children's intrinsic interest with extrinsic reward: A test of the "overjustification" hypothesis. , 1973 .

[122]  J. Kagan Motives and development. , 1972, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[123]  Arie W. Kruglanski,et al.  The effects of extrinsic incentive on some qualitative aspects of task performance1 , 1971 .

[124]  R. Rosenthal,et al.  Pygmalion in the Classroom: Teacher Expectation and Pupils' Intellectual Development , 1968 .

[125]  Lyman W. Porter,et al.  Managerial attitudes and performance , 1968 .

[126]  R. W. White Motivation reconsidered: the concept of competence. , 1959, Psychological review.

[127]  H. Harlow The Nature of Love , 1958 .

[128]  C. Rogers,et al.  Client-Centered Therapy , 1951 .

[129]  K. Lewin,et al.  Field theory in social science , 1951 .

[130]  T. Abel,et al.  Mind, Self, and Society , 1934 .

[131]  S. Richer,et al.  Construction et validation de l'échelle du sentiment d'appartenance sociale (ÉSAS) , 1998 .

[132]  M. Eysenck Anxiety And Cognition , 1997 .

[133]  E. Deci,et al.  Motivational predictors of weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. , 1996, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[134]  Lorne K. Rosenblood,et al.  Affiliation motivation in everyday experience : A theoretical comparison , 1996 .

[135]  E. F. Wright,et al.  CROSS-TASK GENERALIZATION OF INTRINSIC MOTIVATION EFFECTS , 1996 .

[136]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Autonomy, relatedness, and the self: Their relation to development and psychopathology. , 1995 .

[137]  M. Blais,et al.  Developing and validating a measure of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sports: A scale of motivation for Sports (EMS). , 1995 .

[138]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Promoting Self‐determined Education , 1994 .

[139]  J. Kihlstrom,et al.  The self as a knowledge structure. , 1994 .

[140]  Todd F. Heatherton,et al.  Can Personality Change , 1994 .

[141]  D. McAdams,et al.  Can personality change? Levels of stability and growth in personality across the life span. , 1994 .

[142]  Roger C. Schank,et al.  Beliefs, Reasoning and Decision-making: Psycho-logic in Honor of Bob Abelson , 1994 .

[143]  M. Lepper "Hot" versus "cold" cognitions: An Abelsonian voyage , 1994 .

[144]  R. J. Vallerand,et al.  Introduction à la psychologie de la motivation , 1993 .

[145]  R. J. Vallerand,et al.  Construction et validation de l'Échelle des Perceptions de Compétence dans les Domaines de Vie (EPCDV). , 1993 .

[146]  Jonathon D. Brown Self-esteem and self-evaluation: Feeling is believing. , 1993 .

[147]  R. J. Vallerand,et al.  L'Inventaire des motivations au travail de Blais : Problèmes psychologiques reliés au travail , 1993 .

[148]  M. Snyder Motivational Foundations of Behavioral Confirmation , 1992 .

[149]  R. Ryan Agency and organization: intrinsic motivation, autonomy, and the self in psychological development. , 1992, Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation.

[150]  Thane S. Pittman,et al.  Achievement and motivation : a social-developmental perspective , 1992 .

[151]  Jonathon D. Brown,et al.  Accuracy and bias in self-knowledge. , 1991 .

[152]  Shelley E. Taylor,et al.  Assault on the Self: Positive Illusions and Adjustment to Threatening Events , 1991 .

[153]  Donelson R. Forsyth,et al.  Handbook of social and clinical psychology : the health perspective , 1991 .

[154]  R. Vallerand,et al.  Motivation And Special Populations: Theory, Research, and Implications Regarding Motor Behaviour , 1990 .

[155]  E. Deci,et al.  A motivational approach to self: integration in personality. , 1990, Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation.

[156]  C. H. Nadeau Psychology of motor behavior and sport - 1979 , 1989 .

[157]  Peter M. Bentler,et al.  EQS : structural equations program manual , 1989 .

[158]  Shelley E. Taylor Positive illusions: Creative self-deception and the healthy mind. , 1989 .

[159]  Terry E. Duncan,et al.  Psychometric properties of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a competitive sport setting: a confirmatory factor analysis. , 1989, Research quarterly for exercise and sport.

[160]  Uwe Windhorst,et al.  Problems in Motor Control , 1988 .

[161]  E. Hilgard Psychology in America: A Historical Survey , 1987 .

[162]  M. Snyder When belief creates reality , 1984 .

[163]  J. Nicholls,et al.  The development of achievement motivation , 1984 .

[164]  Norman S. Endler,et al.  Personality and the behavioral disorders , 1984 .

[165]  M. Reader,et al.  Attributions, Deadlines, and Children's Intrinsic Motivation , 1983 .

[166]  R. Ryan,et al.  Relation of reward contingency and interpersonal context to intrinsic motivation: A review and test using cognitive evaluation theory. , 1983 .

[167]  A. Greenwald,et al.  Psychological perspectives on the self , 1982 .

[168]  S. Maddi,et al.  Alienation and exploratory behavior. , 1982 .

[169]  C. Carver,et al.  Attention and self-regulation , 1981 .

[170]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Characteristics of the rewarder and intrinsic motivation of the rewardee. , 1981 .

[171]  E. Deci The Psychology of Self-Determination , 1980 .

[172]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  The Empirical Exploration of Intrinsic Motivational Processes1 , 1980 .

[173]  G. Stechler,et al.  The development of the self: a psychoanalytic perspective. , 1980, The Psychoanalytic study of the child.

[174]  M. Zuckerman Sensation Seeking : Beyond the Optimal Level of Arousal , 1979 .

[175]  M. Lepper,et al.  The Hidden costs of reward : new perspectives on the psychology of human motivation , 1978 .

[176]  Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,et al.  Intrinsic Rewards and Emergent Motivation , 1978 .

[177]  S. Harter Effectance Motivation Reconsidered. Toward a Developmental Model , 1978 .

[178]  G. Spanier Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: new scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads , 1976 .

[179]  Teresa M. Amabile,et al.  Effects of externally imposed deadlines on subsequent intrinsic motivation. , 1976 .

[180]  E. Deci Effects of Externally Mediated Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation. , 1971 .

[181]  A. Maslow Motivation and Personality , 1954 .