Uplink and downlink transmission method of broadband optical access data

The invention relates to an uplink and downlink transmission method of broadband optical access data, belonging to the technical field of data transmission in broadband optical access network. The method provided in the invention aims at compatibly transmitting 10G EPON and XGPON standard information in uplink and downlink directions by an optical distribution network. In downlink transmission process of the optical access data, physical layer structure of XGPON data is modified so that the XGPON data and 10G EPON data can be transmitted in a generally-used time division multiplexing manner. Thus, the 10G EPON data and the XGPON data can be transmitted compatibly in the downlink direction by the optical distribution network, thereby satisfying a demand for high efficient compatibility. In addition, in the uplink direction, an authorization mechanism is utilized to determine the serial number of an optical network unit which transmits uplink data, the data transmitting time of the authorized optical network unit, and length of the transmitted data, thereby being able to guarantee efficiency of data transmitting and data analyzing in the uplink direction.