Selection of the distraction implant length with improved biomechanical properties by three-dimensional finite element analysis.

In this study, the distraction length of distraction implant was set as input variable which ranged from 2 to 10 mm. The effect of distraction length on the maximum Von Mises stress in the jaw bones and the implant were evaluated by a finite element method. The results showed that under axial load, the maximum equivalent stresses in cortical bone, cancellous bone, and distraction screw decreased by 5·8%, 8·6%, and 11·0%, respectively, with the changing of distraction length, and under buccolingual load those decreased by 0·3%, 18·0%, and 13·0%, respectively. The data indicate that cancellous bone is more sensitive to distraction length than the cortical bone. Under both loads, the central distraction screw was subjected to the stress concentration and more easily damaged by buccolingual force than by axial force. Distraction implant with distraction length exceeding 8 mm showed relatively better biomechanical behaviour.

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