Improvement of temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio of GRAPPA accelerated echo planar imaging using a FLASH based calibration scan

To demonstrate that the temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) accelerated echo planar imaging (EPI) can be enhanced and made more spatially uniform by using a fast low angle shot (FLASH) based calibration scan.

[1]  Peter Kellman,et al.  Application of sensitivity‐encoded echo‐planar imaging for blood oxygen level‐dependent functional brain imaging † , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[2]  Markus Barth,et al.  Single‐shot echo‐planar imaging with Nyquist ghost compensation: Interleaved dual echo with acceleration (IDEA) echo‐planar imaging (EPI) , 2013, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[3]  Robin M Heidemann,et al.  Generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[4]  E. McVeigh,et al.  Signal-to-noise measurements in magnitude images from NMR phased arrays , 1997, Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136).

[5]  R W Cox,et al.  AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages. , 1996, Computers and biomedical research, an international journal.

[6]  Thorsten Feiweier,et al.  Reducing sensitivity losses due to respiration and motion in accelerated echo planar imaging by reordering the autocalibration data acquisition , 2016, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[7]  G H Glover,et al.  Image‐based method for retrospective correction of physiological motion effects in fMRI: RETROICOR , 2000, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[8]  Martin Blaimer,et al.  General formulation for quantitative G‐factor calculation in GRAPPA reconstructions , 2009, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[9]  D. Sodickson,et al.  Comprehensive quantification of signal‐to‐noise ratio and g‐factor for image‐based and k‐space‐based parallel imaging reconstructions , 2008, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[10]  S Bauer,et al.  The effect of reconstruction and acquisition parameters for GRAPPA‐based parallel imaging on the image quality , 2011, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[11]  Robin M Heidemann,et al.  Autocalibrated coil sensitivity estimation for parallel imaging , 2006, NMR in biomedicine.

[12]  D. Sodickson Tailored SMASH image reconstructions for robust in vivo parallel MR imaging , 2000, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[13]  P. Boesiger,et al.  SENSE: Sensitivity encoding for fast MRI , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[14]  Hu Cheng,et al.  Variation of noise in multi‐run functional MRI using generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) , 2012, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.