Performance evaluation of UDP lite for cellular video

The current generation of wireless links pose a significant challenge for sending video streams, as these links have low bit rate and high error rate compared to wired links. Sending high bit rate delay-sensitive traffic over wireless links requires appropriate error resilient video compression algorithms and transport/link layer protocols. We have built a wireless video system using an off-the-shelf error resilient low bit rate video codec with our implementations of UDP Lite and PPP Lite, which are modifications to transport and link layer protocols respectively. The flexible checksumming schemes in these protocols allow error-resilient application policies to be reflected in the networking stack. We conducted simulations and experimental evaluations of this wireless video system using quantitative performance metrics (i.e., throughput, jitter, packet loss, and end-to-end latency).

[1]  Reiner Ludwig,et al.  Multi-layer tracing of TCP over a reliable wireless link , 1999, SIGMETRICS '99.

[2]  W. Simpson,et al.  The point-to-point protocol , 1993 .

[3]  Wendi Heinzelman,et al.  Wireless MPEG-4 video communication on DSP chips , 2000, IEEE Signal Process. Mag..

[4]  K. Rijkse,et al.  H.263: video coding for low-bit-rate communication , 1996, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[5]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Quality adaptation for congestion controlled video playback over the Internet , 1999, SIGCOMM '99.

[6]  S.A. Kassam,et al.  Hybrid ARQ with selective combining for video transmission over wireless channels , 1997, Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing.

[7]  Mohammed Ghanbari Video coding for low bit rate communications (H.263) , 2003 .

[8]  Scott Shenker,et al.  Supporting real-time applications in an Integrated Services Packet Network: architecture and mechanism , 1992, SIGCOMM '92.

[9]  Antonio Ortega,et al.  Joint source channel coding with hybrid FEC/ARQ for buffer constrained video transmission , 1998, 1998 IEEE Second Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (Cat. No.98EX175).

[10]  Reiner Ludwig,et al.  Link layer enhancements for TCP/IP over GSM , 1999, IEEE INFOCOM '99. Conference on Computer Communications. Proceedings. Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. The Future is Now (Cat. No.99CH36320).

[11]  Lars-Åke Larzon,et al.  UDP lite for real time multimedia applications , 1999 .

[12]  Christian Bettstetter,et al.  GSM phase 2+ general packet radio service GPRS: Architecture, protocols, and air interface , 1999, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[13]  Yao Wang,et al.  Error control and concealment for video communication: a review , 1998, Proc. IEEE.

[14]  Avideh Zakhor,et al.  Very low bit-rate video coding based on matching pursuits , 1997, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol..

[15]  Khaled Shuaib,et al.  Robust compression and transmission of MPEG-4 video , 1999, MULTIMEDIA '99.

[16]  Ralf Steinmetz,et al.  Human perception of media synchronization , 2001 .

[17]  Ian Wakeman,et al.  Scalable feedback control for multicast video distribution in the Internet , 1994, SIGCOMM 1994.

[18]  M. Rahnema,et al.  Overview of the GSM system and protocol architecture , 1993, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[19]  Jörg Ott,et al.  RTP Payload Format for the 1998 Version of ITU-T Rec. H.263 Video (H.263+) , 1998, RFC.

[20]  Steven McCanne,et al.  Receiver-driven layered multicast , 2001 .

[21]  Chad Zhu RTP Payload Format for H.263 Video Streams , 1997, RFC.

[22]  Reiner Ludwig,et al.  Optimizing the End-to-End Performance of Reliable Flows over Wireless Links , 1999, Wirel. Networks.

[23]  Henning Schulzrinne,et al.  RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications , 1996, RFC.