Modelling and control of an adaptive tuned mass damper based on shape memory alloys and eddy currents

Abstract Tuned mass dampers have long since been used to attenuate vibrations. The need to make them adaptive in order to function even after changes of the dynamic characteristics of the system to be controlled has led to using many different technologies with the aim of improving adaptation performances. Shape memory alloys have already been proven to have properties suitable for creating adaptive tuned mass dampers for light structures. However, the literature has evidenced a number of issues concerning tuned mass dampers based on shape memory alloys, for instance the limited range of adaptation for the eigenfrequency of the damper. The present paper proposes a new layout for adaptive tuned mass dampers based on shape memory alloys, which allows to overcome many of the limitations and to reach a wide range of adaptation for the eigenfrequency. This layout relies on the use of shape memory alloy wires, so that the change of eigenfrequency is achieved by changing the axial load acting on these wires. The new tuned mass damper is then made fully adaptive by including a device that uses the principle of eddy currents, which allows also to change the damping of the tuned mass damper. Indeed, this new kind of damper is designed to dampen vibrations in systems excited by a random disturbance. The paper illustrates the layout and the model of the whole damper and validates it. This model moreover evidences all the advantages allowed by the new layout proposed. Finally, two different strategies to control the dynamic characteristics of the new adaptive tuned mass damper are presented and compared, both numerically as well as experimentally, so to illustrate strengths and drawbacks of each. The experiments and the simulations show that this new damper is fully capable of functioning when random excitation acts as disturbance on the system to control.

[1]  Constantinos Mavroidis,et al.  Development of Advanced Actuators Using Shape Memory Alloys and Electrorheological Fluids , 2002, Research in Nondestructive Evaluation.

[2]  Julius S. Bendat,et al.  Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures, Fourth Edition , 2010 .

[3]  Tobias Melz,et al.  Tuning of a vibration absorber with shunted piezoelectric transducers , 2016 .

[4]  M. Savi,et al.  Experimental investigation of vibration reduction using shape memory alloys , 2013 .

[5]  Ehsan Dehghan-Niri,et al.  Generalized framework for robust design of tuned mass damper systems , 2011 .

[6]  Michael J. Brennan,et al.  Vibration control using an adaptive tuned vibration absorber with a variable curvature stiffness element , 2005 .

[7]  Y. Çengel.  Introduction to thermodynamics and heat transfer , 1996 .

[8]  M J Brennan,et al.  Design of smart machinery installations to reduce transmitted vibrations by adaptive modification of internal forces , 1998 .

[9]  J. Bendat,et al.  Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures , 1971 .

[10]  L. Meirovitch,et al.  Fundamentals of Vibrations , 2000 .

[11]  Frank Schilder,et al.  Exploring the performance of a nonlinear tuned mass damper , 2009 .

[12]  M. Senthilkumar,et al.  Shape memory alloy-based adaptive-passive dynamic vibration absorber for vibration control in piping applications , 2015 .

[13]  S. Mirzaei.  A Flexible Electromagnetic Damper , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference.

[14]  Weiping Li,et al.  Applied Nonlinear Control , 1991 .

[15]  Robert J. Bernhard,et al.  ADAPTIVE-PASSIVE ABSORBERS USING SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS , 2002 .

[16]  Christos T. Georgakis,et al.  Tuned rolling-ball dampers for vibration control in wind turbines , 2013 .

[17]  James P. Carneal,et al.  Minimization of sound radiation from plates using adaptive tuned vibration absorbers , 2004 .

[18]  S. Krenk,et al.  Tuned mass absorbers on damped structures under random load , 2008 .

[19]  Antonio Concilio,et al.  A shape memory alloys based tuneable dynamic vibration absorber for vibration tonal control , 2010 .

[20]  David J. Ewins,et al.  Modal Testing: Theory, Practice, And Application , 2000 .

[21]  Roland S. Burns,et al.  Advanced control engineering , 2001 .

[22]  Christos T. Georgakis,et al.  Spherical tuned liquid damper for vibration control in wind turbines , 2015 .

[23]  M. J. Brennan.  Actuators for active vibration control - tunable resonant devices , 2000 .

[24]  María Ofelia Moroni,et al.  A fuzzy model of superelastic shape memory alloys for vibration control in civil engineering applications , 2007 .

[25]  Emiliano Rustighi,et al.  Real-time control of a shape memory alloy adaptive tuned vibration absorber , 2005 .

[26]  Søren Nielsen,et al.  Tuned liquid column dampers for mitigation of edgewise vibrations in rotating wind turbine blades , 2015 .

[27]  Daniel J. Inman,et al.  Non-contact vibration control system employing an active eddy current damper , 2007 .

[28]  Jae-Sung Bae,et al.  Vibration suppression of a cantilever beam using eddy current damper , 2005 .

[29]  Emiliano Rustighi,et al.  A shape memory alloy adaptive tuned vibration absorber: design and implementation , 2005 .

[30]  Robert J. Bernhard,et al.  Nonlinear control of a shape memory alloy adaptive tuned vibration absorber , 2005 .

[31]  Wei Wang,et al.  A new permanent magnetic friction damper device for passive energy dissipation , 2014 .

[32]  Felix Weber,et al.  An adaptive tuned mass damper based on the emulation of positive and negative stiffness with an MR damper , 2010 .

[33]  Mangalanathan Umapathy,et al.  Use of load generated by a shape memory alloy for its position control with a neural network estimator , 2014 .

[34]  Aiqun Li,et al.  Numerical and experimental investigation on cable vibration mitigation using shape memory alloy damper , 2009 .

[35]  Ernest Otto Doebelin,et al.  Measurement Systems Application and Design , 1966 .

[36]  Glauco Feltrin,et al.  Adaptive Tuned Mass Damper based on Pre-stressable Leaf-springs , 2007 .

[37]  Cetin Yilmaz,et al.  Design of an adaptive–passive dynamic vibration absorber composed of a string–mass system equipped with negative stiffness tension adjusting mechanism , 2013 .

[38]  Fabrizio Vestroni,et al.  Hysteretic tuned mass dampers for structural vibration mitigation , 2014 .

[39]  Felix Weber,et al.  Frequency and damping adaptation of a TMD with controlled MR damper , 2012 .

[40]  Dimitris C. Lagoudas,et al.  Numerical Investigation of an Adaptive Vibration Absorber Using Shape Memory Alloys , 2011 .

[41]  J. Ormondroyd.  Theory of the Dynamic Vibration Absorber , 1928 .

[42]  D. Lagoudas.  Shape memory alloys : modeling and engineering applications , 2008 .