Searching Better Rewiring Strategies and Objective Functions for Stronger Controllability Robustness

Rewiring is a common strategy for enhancing the controllability robustness of complex networks. In this brief, rewiring strategies including the degree-preserving strategy, underlying-topology-preserving strategy, and unconstrained-rewiring strategy, are compared and analyzed. Since measuring the true controllability-robustness values by simulations is time-consuming hence impractical, three surrogates are proposed for improvement, namely initial controllability, critical nodes exposure, and network heterogeneity. Combinations of rewiring strategies and objective functions are compared to the random edge-rectification strategy. Extensive simulations show that the random-edge rectification outperforms all the other strategies in enhancing the controllability robustness, but significantly changes the resulting network topology. In effect, the degree-preserving rewiring strategy performs as well as the unconstrained-rewiring strategy on homogeneous networks. The results also show the effectiveness of using the critical nodes exposure as a surrogate for the true controllability robustness.

[1]  Guanrong Chen,et al.  A Framework of Hierarchical Attacks to Network Controllability , 2020, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul..

[2]  Guanrong Chen,et al.  Enhancing Controllability Robustness of q-Snapback Networks through Redirecting Edges , 2019, Research.

[3]  Hai Zhao,et al.  Improving controllability of complex networks by rewiring links regularly , 2014, The 26th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (2014 CCDC).

[4]  P. ERDbS.  ON THE STRENGTH OF CONNECTEDNESS OF A RANDOM GRAPH , 2001 .

[5]  M. Newman,et al.  Renormalization Group Analysis of the Small-World Network Model , 1999, cond-mat/9903357.

[6]  Derek Ruths,et al.  Robustness of Network Controllability under Edge Removal , 2013, CompleNet.

[7]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  Controllability of complex networks , 2011, Nature.

[8]  Wen-Xu Wang,et al.  Exact controllability of complex networks , 2013, Nature Communications.

[9]  Leman Akoglu,et al.  Optimizing network robustness by edge rewiring: a general framework , 2016, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

[10]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  Control Centrality and Hierarchical Structure in Complex Networks , 2012, PloS one.

[11]  Neo D. Martinez,et al.  Degree heterogeneity and stability of ecological networks , 2017, Journal of The Royal Society Interface.

[12]  Ryo Nakamura,et al.  On the Predictability of Network Robustness from Spectral Measures , 2019, 2019 IEEE 43rd Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC).

[13]  Hans J. Herrmann,et al.  Mitigation of malicious attacks on networks , 2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[14]  白亮,et al.  Smart Rewiring： Improving Network Robustness Faster , 2015 .

[15]  Kishan G. Mehrotra,et al.  Multi-objective Optimization to Improve Robustness in Networks , 2018, Multi-Objective Optimization.

[16]  白亮,et al.  Optimization of robustness of network controllability against malicious attacks , 2014 .

[17]  Jing Liu,et al.  Designing comprehensively robust networks against intentional attacks and cascading failures , 2019, Inf. Sci..

[18]  Xiang Li,et al.  Fundamentals of Complex Networks: Models, Structures and Dynamics , 2015 .

[19]  Cunlai Pu,et al.  Robustness analysis of network controllability , 2012 .

[20]  S. Havlin,et al.  The extreme vulnerability of interdependent spatially embedded networks , 2012, Nature Physics.

[21]  Vasilios N. Katsikis,et al.  BAS-ADAM: an ADAM based approach to improve the performance of beetle antennae search optimizer , 2020, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica.

[22]  Lin Wang,et al.  Toward Stronger Robustness of Network Controllability: A Snapback Network Model , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[23]  Lin Wang,et al.  Towards Optimal Robustness of Network Controllability: An Empirical Necessary Condition , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[24]  Guanrong Chen,et al.  A Comparative Study on Controllability Robustness of Complex Networks , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[25]  Guanrong Chen,et al.  Advances in Network Controllability , 2019, IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine.

[26]  Hussein A. Abbass,et al.  Evolving Robust Networks Using Evolutionary Algorithms , 2018, Evolutionary Computation and Complex Networks.

[27]  Ginestra Bianconi,et al.  Network controllability is determined by the density of low in-degree and out-degree nodes. , 2014, Physical review letters.

[28]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  Effect of correlations on network controllability , 2012, Scientific Reports.

[29]  Mark Newman,et al.  Networks: An Introduction , 2010 .

[30]  Hiroki Sayama,et al.  Optimization of robustness and connectivity in complex networks. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[31]  W. Kruskal,et al.  Use of Ranks in One-Criterion Variance Analysis , 1952 .

[32]  Lao Songyang,et al.  Enhancing Complex Network Controllability by Rewiring Links , 2013, 2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications.

[33]  Yuan Zhang,et al.  Controllability Analysis for a Networked Dynamic System With Autonomous Subsystems , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.

[34]  Beom Jun Kim,et al.  Attack vulnerability of complex networks. , 2002, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.